Un nuevo Museo Arqueológico Nacional. Una rehabilitación compleja

Rehabilitar un edificio emblemático con éxito resulta una labor extremadamente compleja, no solo por las dificultades técnicas y normativas a la hora de conservar lo existente sin que pierda su personalidad, sino también porque se convierte en foco de todas las miradas

Impact of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients: A nationwide study in Spain

Objective To assess the effect of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients in Spain. Settings The initial flood of COVID-19 patients overwhelmed an unprepared healthcare system. Different measures were taken to deal with this overburden. The effect of these measures on neurosurgical patients, as well as the effect of COVID-19 itself, has not been thoroughly studied. Participants This was a multicentre, nationwide, observational retrospective study of patients who underwent any neurosurgical operation from March to July 2020. Interventions An exploratory factorial analysis was performed to select the most relevant variables of the sample. Primary and secondary outcome measures Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of mortality and postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Sixteen hospitals registered 1677 operated patients. The overall mortality was 6.4%, and 2.9% (44 patients) suffered a perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of those infections, 24 were diagnosed postoperatively. Age (OR 1.05), perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 4.7), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.006), postoperative neurological worsening (OR 5.9), postoperative need for airway support (OR 5.38), ASA grade =3 (OR 2.5) and preoperative GCS 3-8 (OR 2.82) were independently associated with mortality. For SARS-CoV-2 postoperative infection, screening swab test <72 hours preoperatively (OR 0.76), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.011), preoperative cognitive impairment (OR 2.784), postoperative sepsis (OR 3.807) and an absence of postoperative complications (OR 0.188) were independently associated. Conclusions Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in neurosurgical patients was associated with an increase in mortality by almost fivefold. Community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) was a statistically independent predictor of mortality. Trial registration number CEIM 20/217

Exposición La moneda andalusí en la Alhambra : museografía

Cuadernos de la Alhambra, n. 33-34 (1997-1998), p. 181-190Cuadernos de la Alhambra, n. 33-34 (1997-1998), p. 181-19

Criterios museográficos para la exposición de materiales escultóricos

Este artículo presenta una serie de reflexiones acerca de las singularidades expositivas en la presentación de materiales escultóricos para establecer, desde el proyecto de contenidos, y respetando los niveles de conservación preventiva, una serie de estructuras arquitectónicas que faciliten el entendimiento y contemplación de las piezas expuestas. Se hace un breve repaso acerca de los elementos más significativos que intervienen en la elaboración del proyecto: la pieza y su distribución, la luz, la relación de la pieza con el edificio, la peana, la relación con el fondo, y el visitante. Se propone la posibilidad de establecer mediante una adecuada disposición de piezas dentro de las salas del museo, un lenguaje paralelo de simbolismos que manifiesten, aclaren y potencien el discurso museológico. Escultura, iluminación, sombras, peana, simbolismo

Plataforma Salud Global del CSIC. Un año de investigación de la covid-19

Datos técnicos: 9 minutos, color, español. Ficha técnica: Gabinete de Presidencia CSIC y Departamento de ComunicaciónLa irrupción del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 y de la pandemia de covid-19 ha planteado un enorme desafío a la ciencia. Buscar soluciones a un virus que ha causado, hasta el momento, 130 millones de infectados y ha provocado casi 3 millones de muertes. Para desentrañar las claves de esta nueva amenaza global, el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, el CSIC, puso en marcha en marzo de 2020 la Plataforma Temática Interdisciplinar Salud Global. Su objetivo es coordinar a cientos de equipos de diversas disciplinas en busca de soluciones a la pandemia, creando nuevas redes de colaboración con organismos públicos de investigación, universidades, la clínica y el sector empresarial. La plataforma ha reunido a expertos de la investigación en biomedicina (virólogos, inmunólogos, genetistas y biotecnólogos), junto a químicos y físicos, además de sociólogos y demógrafos. Su trabajo es determinar las características del virus y de la covid-19, y diseñar estrategias que permitan hacer frente a esta y futuras pandemias. Tras un año de investigación, la Plataforma Salud Global ha obtenido conocimientos fundamentales en todos los aspectos de la pandemia: prevención, contención, diagnóstico, terapia y vacunas, e impacto social.N

Patients awaiting surgery for neurosurgical diseases during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a multicentre cohort study.

The large number of infected patients requiring mechanical ventilation has led to the postponement of scheduled neurosurgical procedures during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of this study were to investigate the factors that influence the decision to postpone scheduled neurosurgical procedures and to evaluate the effect of the restriction in scheduled surgery adopted to deal with the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain on the outcome of patients awaiting surgery. This was an observational retrospective study. A tertiary-level multicentre study of neurosurgery activity between 1 March and 30 June 2020. A total of 680 patients awaiting any scheduled neurosurgical procedure were enrolled. 470 patients (69.1%) were awaiting surgery because of spine degenerative disease, 86 patients (12.6%) due to functional disorders, 58 patients (8.5%) due to brain or spine tumours, 25 patients (3.7%) due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorders and 17 patients (2.5%) due to cerebrovascular disease. The primary outcome was mortality due to any reason and any deterioration of the specific neurosurgical condition. Second, we analysed the rate of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. More than one-quarter of patients experienced clinical or radiological deterioration. The rate of worsening was higher among patients with functional (39.5%) or CSF disorders (40%). Two patients died (0.4%) during the waiting period, both because of a concurrent disease. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine independent covariates associated with maintaining the surgical indication. We found that community SARS-CoV-2 incidence (OR=1.011, p Patients awaiting neurosurgery experienced significant collateral damage even when they were considered for scheduled procedures

Long-term safety and efficacy of benralizumab in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma: 1-year results from the BORA phase 3 extension trial

International audienc

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Head and neck cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international, multicenter, observational cohort study

Background: The aims of this study were to provide data on the safety of head and neck cancer surgery currently being undertaken during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This international, observational cohort study comprised 1137 consecutive patients with head and neck cancer undergoing primary surgery with curative intent in 26 countries. Factors associated with severe pulmonary complications in COVID-19–positive patients and infections in the surgical team were determined by univariate analysis. Results: Among the 1137 patients, the commonest sites were the oral cavity (38%) and the thyroid (21%). For oropharynx and larynx tumors, nonsurgical therapy was favored in most cases. There was evidence of surgical de-escalation of neck management and reconstruction. Overall 30-day mortality was 1.2%. Twenty-nine patients (3%) tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within 30 days of surgery; 13 of these patients (44.8%) developed severe respiratory complications, and 3.51 (10.3%) died. There were significant correlations with an advanced tumor stage and admission to critical care. Members of the surgical team tested positive within 30 days of surgery in 40 cases (3%). There were significant associations with operations in which the patients also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within 30 days, with a high community incidence of SARS-CoV-2, with screened patients, with oral tumor sites, and with tracheostomy. Conclusions: Head and neck cancer surgery in the COVID-19 era appears safe even when surgery is prolonged and complex. The overlap in COVID-19 between patients and members of the surgical team raises the suspicion of failures in cross-infection measures or the use of personal protective equipment. Lay Summary: Head and neck surgery is safe for patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic even when it is lengthy and complex. This is significant because concerns over patient safety raised in many guidelines appear not to be reflected by outcomes, even for those who have other serious illnesses or require complex reconstructions. Patients subjected to suboptimal or nonstandard treatments should be carefully followed up to optimize their cancer outcomes. The overlap between patients and surgeons testing positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is notable and emphasizes the need for fastidious cross-infection controls and effective personal protective equipment