Vorschulreform und der wissenschaftliche Status der "Pädagogik der frühen Kindheit" als Teildisziplin der Erziehungswissenschaft

Mit der ersten Vorschulreform in den 1970er Jahren entstanden nach semiakademischen Vorläufern die ersten Konturen einer Pädagogik der frühen Kindheit als Teildisziplin der Erziehungswissenschaft. Mit dem Ende der Reform stagnierte sie auf niedrigem Ausbaustand im disziplinären Gefüge der Sozialpädagogik. Mit der gegenwärtigen Vorschulreform stellt sich die Frage, ob die Pädagogik der frühen Kindheit von ihr profitieren und sich in Richtung einer teildisziplinären Eigenständigkeit weiterentwickeln und konsolidieren kann. (DIPF/Orig.)With the first reform of preschool education during the 1970s and following several semi-academic precursors, the first contours of a pedagogy of early childhood emerged as a sub-discipline of educational science. With the end of the reform movement, this theoretical construct stagnated on a rather low level of elaboration within the disciplinary structure of sociopedagogics. With the present reform of preschool education, the question arises whether the pedagogy of early childhood could profit from this reform movement and whether it could thus continue to develop into a consolidated independent sub-discipline. (DIPF/Orig.

Muss der Bildungsauftrag des Kindergartens "eigenständig" sein?

Die institutionellen Bezugspunkte, gegen die sich in der Vergangenheit wie heute die Forderung nach Eigenständigkeit des Bildungsauftrages des Kindergartens richtet, sind die Familie und die Schule. Gegenüber der Familie besagt sie, dass der Kindergarten nicht nur einen sozialpädagogischen Betreuungsauftrag habe, sondern auch einen pädagogischen Bildungsauftrag neben der Familie; gegenüber der Schule besagt sie, dass der Bildungsauftrag nicht oder nicht in erster Linie als vorschulischer, d.h. auf die Schule bezogener Bildungsauftrag zu definieren sei. Gegenüber der Familie hat sich die Eigenständigkeitsforderung durchgesetzt. Gegenüber der Schule lassen sich in der gegenwärtigen Diskussion zwei Positionen unterscheiden: die traditionalistische will die strikte Abgrenzung des Kindergartens zur Schule aufrechterhalten; daneben hat sich eine Reformposition herausgebildet, welche die beiden Bereiche in ein Verhältnis der Kontinuität setzen will. In dem Artikel wird dafür plädiert, den Ausdruck vom "eigenständigen Bildungsauftrag des Kindergartens" aus der Diskussion zu nehmen, weil er unklar ist, zu Verwirrung führt und die Kommunikation mit der Grundschulpädagogik belastet. (DIPF/Orig.)The institutional points of reference against which the demand for independence of the educational mission of kindergarten was directed in the past are the family and the school. With regard to the family, it is said that kindergarten does not only have a socio-pedagogical mission of care, but also a pedagogical mission of education besides the family. As regards the school, it is stated that the educational mission is not - at least not primarily - to be defined as a preschool, i.e. school-related, mission. With regard to the family, the demand for independence has been asserted successfully. As regards the school, two positions may be distinguished in the recent discussion: the traditionalist position which wants to maintain the strict delimitation between kindergarten and school; in addition, a reform position has emerged which aims at creating a relationship of continuity between the two sectors. The author pleads for eliminating the concept of the "independent educational mission of kindergarten" from the debate, because it is unclear, leads to confusion, and strains communication with elementary school pedagogics. (DIPF/Orig.

Carsten Müller: Sozialpädagogik als Erziehung zur Demokratie. Ein problemgeschichtlicher Theorieentwurf. Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt 2005 (309 S.) [Rezension]

Rezension von: Carsten Müller: Sozialpädagogik als Erziehung zur Demokratie. Ein problemgeschichtlicher Theorieentwurf. Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt 2005 (309 S.; ISBN 3-7815-1422-6; 29,80 EUR)

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Measurement of the Splitting Function in &ITpp &ITand Pb-Pb Collisions at root&ITsNN&IT=5.02 TeV

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information about the parton shower evolution. This substructure observable, known as the splitting function, reflects the process of a parton splitting into two other partons and has been measured for jets with transverse momentum between 140 and 500 GeV, in pp and PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. In central PbPb collisions, the splitting function indicates a more unbalanced momentum ratio, compared to peripheral PbPb and pp collisions.. The measurements are compared to various predictions from event generators and analytical calculations.Peer reviewe

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe