Characterization of tropical cattle production units: Effect of sanitary management

Objective: Characterize double-purpose bovine production units (PU), and identify the sanitary management used by producers in their herds. Design/methodology/approach: 60 cattle producers were interviewed, the questions were related to the characteristics of the PU and the health status. Four serum samples were sent to the laboratory of the largest herd. Results: All the cattle producers surveyed were males between the ages of 20 and 50. 40% have been engaged in the activity between 11 and 25 years. The PU have an average of 25 animals, 45% of the producers have between 21 to 30 cows, the highest percentage of animals are Gyr breed (35%) and Sardo Negro (30%). 65% of the producers take care of their sick animals. On the other hand, laboratory studies showed that three cows were positive for Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), two positive cows for bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) or Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Parainfluenza 3 (PI3), finally all cows tested positive for Leptospira sp hardjo. Study limitations/implications: Under the conditions in which the study was conducted, it is expensive to send samples to the laboratory. The producer with the largest herd financed the laboratory tests of the sampled cows. This information is useful for local producers regarding the characteristics in which they produce. Findings/conclusions: Dual-purpose cattle producers in the tropics produce on a small scale; and one of the largest PUs has problems of abortive diseases.Objective: To characterize dual-purpose cattle production units (PUs) and to identify the sanitary management that producers use with their herds. Design/Methodology/Approach: Sixty (60) cattle producers were interviewed; the questions were related to the characteristics of the PU and the sanitary status. Four serum samples from the largest herd were sent to the laboratory to detect diseases. Results: All the cattle producers surveyed were men between 20 and 50 years old. Of them, 40% have been devoted to the activity for 11 to 25 years. The PUs have on average 25 animals, 45% of producers have between 21 and 30 cows, and the highest percentage of animals are breeds Gyr (35%) and Sardo Negro (30%). Of producers, 65% tend to their sick animals. On the other hand, the laboratory studies showed that three cows were positive for Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), two cows were positive for type 1 bovine herpes virus (BoHV-1), or Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and parainfluenza 3 (PI3), and finally all the cows were positive for Leptospira sp. Hardjo. Study Limitations/Implications: Under the conditions in which the study was conducted, it is costly to send samples to the laboratory. The producer with the largest herd financed the laboratory tests of the cows sampled. This information is useful for local producers with regards to the characteristics in which they produce them. Findings/Conclusions: Dual-purpose cattle producers in the tropics produce at a small scale; and one of the largest PUs presents problems of abortive diseases

Respuesta superovulatoria y calidad embrionaria de vacas Brahman lactando sincronizadas con dosis bajas de FSH en condiciones del sur de México

Objetivo: evaluar la respuesta superovulatoria y calidad embrionaria de un grupo de vacas Brahman lactando sometidas a un protocolo de dosis bajas de FSH. Metodología: en el estudio fueron superovuladas 33 vacas de raza Brahman multíparas lactando. Las hembras fueron sincronizadas con CIDR (inserción día 0) y dosis decrecientes de FSH (día 5: 250mg FSH, día 6: 200 mg FSH, día 7: 150 mg), el día 9 y 10 se practicó la inseminación artificial (IA); finalmente el día 17 se realizó el lavado para la recolección de embriones. Los embriones fueron colectados con una sonda Foley, y el contenido fue depositado en una caja de  Petri cuadrada de 100 ? 100 mm con fondo cuadriculado para la posterior búsqueda de embriones en el microscopio provisto de un aumento de 20 a 30 X. Los embriones fueron clasificados de acuerdo a su morfología y estadio de desarrollo en una escala del 1 (estadio de una célula) al 9 (estadio de blastocito eclosionado) y calidad como 1 (excelente), 2 (bueno), 3 (regular) y 4 (degenerado). Resultados: Del 100% de las vacas tratadas se obtuvieron 363 embriones: 41.8% fueron viables; 65% se clasificaron como blastocisto eclosionado de calidad 8 y 34.8% de calidad 7. De los embriones clasificados como blastocisto eclosionado, 60.6% fueron de calidad excelente, 28.28% de calidad buena y 11.11% de calidad regular. El promedio de embriones viables por vaca fue de 2.9% y 1.9% transferibles. Implicaciones: Es difícil superovular vacas lactando, por el control de los becerros durante el proceso experimental, y no es recomendable este tipo de tratamiento por el gasto metabólico y reproductivo a lasque son sometidas las hembras. Conclusiones: Las vacas de raza Brahman lactando tienen una respuesta superovulatoria baja cuando son sincronizadas con un protocolo de dosis bajas de FSH

Reproductive and seminal characteristics of Pelibuey rams infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the subclinical stage

Objective: To evaluate the reproductive and seminal characteristics of Pelibuey rams infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the subclinical phase. Design/methodology/approach: In order to determine whether paratuberculosis (PTB) affects the reproductive variables and seminal quality in Pelibuey rams naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in the subclinical phase, weekly evaluations were conducted, over a period of two months, of the variables live weight, scrotal circumference, ejaculation latency and seminal characteristics: volume, pH, masal motility and progressive individual motility, concentration, live spermatozoids and dead spermatozoids, in five rams infected by MAP and a further five uninfected rams, of average weight and age 53.58 kg (± 3.26) and 2.91 years (± 0.59), respectively. Results: PTB was not found to affect the reproductive and seminal variables evaluated. Limitations of the study/implications: It would have been convenient to carry out the evaluation of the seminal characteristics for a longer time, however, the sampling was stopped in order to ensure the animal welfare of the rams as far as possible, since they began to show signs of PTB. Findings/Conclusions: The Pelibuey rams diagnosed with PTB in subclinical phase did not present any effect on the reproductive and seminal characteristics. Meanwhile, reproductive management can be carried out with PTB-infected Pelibuey lambs in a subclinical phase.Objective: To evaluate the reproductive and seminal characteristics of Pelibuey rams infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the subclinical phase. Design/methodology/approach: In order to determine whether paratuberculosis (PTB) affects the reproductive variables and seminal quality in Pelibuey rams naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in the subclinical phase, weekly evaluations were conducted, over a period of two months, of the variables live weight, scrotal circumference, ejaculation latency and seminal characteristics: volume, pH, masal motility and progressive individual motility, concentration, live spermatozoids and dead spermatozoids, in five rams infected by MAP and a further five uninfected rams, of average weight and age 53.58 kg (± 3.26) and 2.91 years (± 0.59), respectively. Results: PTB was not found to affect the reproductive and seminal variables evaluated. Limitations of the study/implications: It would have been convenient to carry out the evaluation of the seminal characteristics for a longer time, however, the sampling was stopped in order to ensure the animal welfare of the rams as far as possible, since they began to show signs of PTB. Findings/Conclusions: The Pelibuey rams diagnosed with PTB in subclinical phase did not present any effect on the reproductive and seminal characteristics. Meanwhile, reproductive management can be carried out with PTB-infected Pelibuey lambs in a subclinical phase

La administración de autovacuna La administración repetida de vacuna autógena disminuye la papilomatosis en hembras bovinas

Objective. The present study aimed to evaluate the control of bovine papillomatosis (BP) with autogenous vaccine under the tropical conditions of Guerrero State. Materials and methods. In the experiment 18 bovine females were used, that were divided into three treatments according to the ranch (6 females / group). Treatment 1 (T1-immune vaccine), treatment 2 (T2-histovaccine) and treatment 3 (T3-plasma therapy). Results. At the beginning of the study, a high incidence of papillomas was found in bovine females [(T1 (190 papillomas), T2 (95 papillomas) and T3 (100 papillomas)]. With the administration of the autogenous vaccine, the number of papillomas decreased significantly (T1 and T3) through the applications from 1 (147 and 66 papillomas) to 5 (10 and 9 papillomas); (p<0.05). There was also a significant difference between treatments according to the period of application of the vaccine (3 to 5), decreasing the number of papillomas (period effect; p<0.05). On the other hand, a treatment x period interaction was observed, decreasing the number of papillomas in the fourth and fifth administration (T1 and T3; p<0.05). Conclusions. The repeated administration of the autogenous vaccine in bovine females decreased the number of papillomas between the fourth and fifth application in treatments 1 and 3.Objetivo. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el control de la papilomatosis bovina (PB) con vacuna autógena en condiciones del trópico de Guerrero. Materiales y métodos. En el experimento se usaron 18 hembras bovinas que fueron divididas en tres tratamientos de acuerdo al rancho (6 hembras/grupo). Tratamiento 1 (T1-inmunovacuna), tratamiento 2 (T2-histovacuna) y tratamiento 3 (T3-plasmaterapia). Resultados. Al inicio del estudio se encontró una alta incidencia de papilomas en las hembras bovinas [(T1 (190 papilomas), T2 (95 papilomas) y T3 (100 papilomas)]. Con la administración de la vacuna autógena disminuyó significativamente (T1 y T3) el número de papilomas a través de las aplicaciones de la 1 (147 y 66 papilomas) a la 5 (10 y 9 papilomas); (p<0.05). También existió una diferencia significativa entre tratamientos de acuerdo al periodo de aplicación de la vacuna (3 a la 5) disminuyendo el número de papilomas (efecto periodo; p<0.05). Por su parte, se observó una interacción tratamiento x periodo disminuyendo el número de papilomas en la cuarta y quinta administración (T1 y T3; p<0.05). Conclusiones. La administración repetida de la vacuna autógena en las hembras bovinas disminuyó el número de papilomas entre la cuarta y quinta aplicación en los tratamientos 1 y 3

Delaying surgery for patients with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

Not availabl