Prilagodljivi web dizajn u kontekstu mobilnog weba

Odmah na početku treba odrediti na što točno se odnosi pojam mobilni web jer je njegovim razvojem došlo do podjele u dvije struje. Mobilni web kao zaseban web razvijan i odvojen od ostatka weba te jedinstveni web koji se na drukčiji način prikazuje na mobilnim uređajima (Hay, 2011.). U ovom će se radu termin 'mobilni web' koristiti u njegovom drugom značenju, dakle kao jedinstveni web koji se na drukčiji način prikazuje na mobilnim uređajima te je iz tog razloga potrebna prilagodba njegova sadržaja, što je i tema ovoga rada. U prvom dijelu rada ću objasniti osnovnu terminologiju koja se veže uz web općenito i navesti mobilne uređaje koji se danas koriste za prikaz web stranica. Potom ću proći kroz povijest i razvitak mobilnog weba te spomenuti probleme i rješenja koje je njegov razvoj donio počevši od WAP protokola i prikaza šturih te krajnje jednostavnih stranica na malenim ekranima prvih mobilnih uređaja koji su imali sposobnost spajanja na Internet preko preusmjeravanja mobilnih korisnika na takozvane „m.“ stranice koje su posebno dizajnirane, s mobilnim uređajima u vidu do stranica i aplikacija s prilagodljivim dizajnom ciljajući posebno pametne mobitele i tablete. Cilj ovog rada je usporediti postojeće pristupe izradi mobilnih web stranica i njihovom prikazu te obraditi razlike u radu istih. Na kraju namjeravam dati prijedlog pristupa kojim se najveći broj web korisnika može učiniti zadovoljnim i ostati vjeran ideji W3C-a o jedinstvenom iskustvu na webu bez obzira na uređaj s kojim se webu pristupa

Scholarly reference trees

In this paper, we propose, explain and implement bibliometric data analysis and visualization model in a web environment. We use NLP syntactic grammars for pattern recognition of references used in scholarly publications. The extracted information is used for visualizing author egocentric data via tree like structure. The ultimate goal of this work is to use the egocentric trees for comparisons of two authors and to build networks or forests of different trees depending on the forest’s attributes. We have stumbled upon many different problems ranging from exceptions in citation style structures to optimization of visualization model in order to achieve an optimal user experience. We will give a summary of our grammars’ restrictions and will provide some ideas for possible future work that could improve the overall user experience. The proposed trees can function by themselves, or they can be implemented in digital repositories of libraries and different types of citation databases

Damped harmonic oscillator revisited: the fastest route to equilibrium

Theoretically, solutions of the damped harmonic oscillator asymptotically approach equilibrium, i.e., the zero energy state, without ever reaching it exactly, and the critically damped solution approaches equilibrium faster than the underdamped or the overdamped solution. Experimentally, the systems described with this model reach equilibrium when the system's energy has dropped below some threshold corresponding to the energy resolution of the measuring apparatus. We show that one can (almost) always find an optimal underdamped solution that will reach this energy threshold sooner than all other underdamped solutions, as well as the critically damped solution, no matter how small this threshold is. We also comment on one exception to this for a particular type of initial conditions, when a specific overdamped solution reaches the equilibrium state sooner than all other solutions. We confirm some of our findings experimentally.Comment: 9 pages of main text + supplementary material. The biggest changes compared to the previous version are in section IIIC, that section has been somewhat shortened and written more clearly. Also, some typos and similar errors in supplementary materials have been corrected. The paper is accepted for publication in American Journal of Physic

Building Scholarly Data Forest

In this paper, we will demonstrate syntactic analysis and visualization of scientific data, namely references from scientific papers. Our main goal is to build a parser which could extract references from scientific papers, convert them to XML format, send to custom visualization algorithm and present in a web interface as a ReferenceTree for a single author. For this process, we use several different technologies such as NLP software NooJ, programming languages PHP and JavaScript in combination with HTML5. Our main problem was dissimilarity in reference styles between articles. Thus, our parser was designed to recognize different reference source (book, paper, web page) in APA, MLA and Chicago reference styles. As for the visualization idea, we have chosen the concept of presenting an author as a tree, the publication years as the main branches, the articles/books as twigs and references used in each article/book as the leaves. The books are grouped on the left side of the tree while the articles are grouped on the right side. With final output, every processed author should have a unique tree (preferences of references) and could be compared with the rest of the scientific forest

EDictionary: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly

On its own, learning a new language is an inherently daunting task. Combined with lacking or simply non-existent language resources, the task itself seems almost impossible. For some languages, this scarcity of available resources is even more obvious and further complicates the issue. With an interdisciplinary approach, a team of linguists, language teachers, information scientists, and students themselves undertook a task of developing a learner’s dictionary of Asian languages. With a great deal of care and discussion, an online e-dictionary was chosen as a platform for its ease of use, accessibility, and expandability, in lieu of a traditional printed dictionary. Since eDictionary is built as a website, it is established as a platform, agnostic and available to everyone with Internet access. Furthermore, such a design allows a link to resources hosted on other web portals. To that end, cooperation was initiated with Croatian Language Portal and their Croatian dictionary with the aim of hyperlinking all of our Croatian lemmas to their word definitions. With the added benefits of giving users the ability to request new resources while keeping track of the request internally and allowing the updates of the whole language database seamlessly, the proposed solution to eDictionary provides user engagement and continuous integration that should benefit us all

Phytocoenological analysis of grey alder (Alnus incana /L./ Moench supsp. incana) forest in Croatia

U članku su prikazani rezultati fitocenoloških istraživanja i analize šumskih sastojina bijele johe (Alnus incana /L./ Moench subsp. incana) u Hrvatskoj. Na temelju 11 novih i 37 fitocenoloških snimaka iz prijašnjih istraživanja analizirane su sastojine iz Gorskoga kotara uz rijeku Kupu i njezine pritoke opisane u okviru asocijacije Lamio orvalae-Alnetum incanae Dakskobler 2010 te sastojine iz sjeverozapadne Hrvatske uz rijeku Dravu definirane kao Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae Moor 1958. U radu se analizira njihov međusobni odnos, a opširnije florni sastav i dinamika promjena u sastojini bijele johe sa zimskom preslicom u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj.This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the results of phytocoenological research of Alnus incana (L.) Moench subsp. incana stands in Croatia. Here, the grey alder appears in two biogeographic regions with contrasting climates (Figure 1): the continental region, along the course of the Drava river; and the mountainous Alpine-Dinaric region in Gorski kotar, along the course of the Kupa river and its tributaries. In the continental region of Croatia, the grey alder occurs mainly in riparian and floodplain forests along the main watercourse of the river Drava, where it forms smaller and isolated stands. These stands are included within the association Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae Moor 1958 (Figure 3). Stands from the north-western Dinarides are defined within the association Lamio orvalae-Alnetum incanae Dakskobler 2010 var geogr. Helleborus dumetorum Vukelić et al. 2012 (Figure 4, Figure 5).Our main objectives were: (1) to present the results of recent studies of the association Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae; (2) to compare them with the results of the studies from early second half of the 20th century (Trinajstić 1964, 1973); and (3) to compare them with the phytocoenological characteristics of grey alder forests from the Dinaric area of Croatia.The research was conducted on the basis of 11 new phytocoenological relevés and 37 from previous studies, according to the principles of the standard Central European Phytocoenological School (Braun-Blanquet 1964). Plant nomenclature was coordinated with the Flora Croatica Database (Nikolić 2015), and the mosses with Atherton et al. (2010). A part of the syntaxa was described in accordance with ICPN (Weber et al. 2000), and another part follows a multidimensional classification of vegetational units (Matuszkiewicz and Matuszkiewicz 1981). The sociological species affiliation was determined according to Vukelić (2012). The analysis of the floral composition of the association Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae (=Alnetum incanae Lüdi 1921) from north-western Croatia demonstrates a high degree of floral similarity with colline stands of the same association presented in the forest vegetation of Austria (Willner and Grabherr 2007). As grey alder stands in Podravina grow on lower altitudes, they lack or have considerably less of the following species: Fraxinus excelsior, Lonicera xylosteum, Cardus perssonata, Picea abies, Anemone ranunculoides, Salvia glutinosa and others. On the other hand, some species in them have certain differential significance, namely: Ulmus laevis, U. minor, Quercus robur, Fraxinus angustifolia, Populus alba, Valeriana dioica and others. Table 1 shows 11 new relevés of grey alder-scouring rush stands. Due to major anthropogenic interventions, grey alder-scouring rush forests have seen considerable regressive changes in the distribution and floral composition, hence just like the species Equisetum hyemale, they should be considered an endangered type of habitat. A large part of the original forests and shrubbery has been cleared over the last 50 years due to the construction of two accumulation lakes and other melioration and infrastructural needs. Meliorations have greatly impacted the hydrological regime of the entire area, which resulted in alterations in the habitat, and eventually in the disappearance of areas that used to be covered by grey alder forests. In order to determine the changes in the floral composition of grey alder-scouring rush stands, we compared our phytocoenological relevés with those from 1964 (Trinajstić 1964). Table 2 specifies 35 species that indicate changes in the habitat and composition of the association. The table clearly demonstrates that the number of hygrophytes has been reduced, and the share of mesophilic species and species from less wet habitats considerably increased (column 2, table 2), especially from the order Fagetalia and class Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieger 1937.The association Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae has been compared with the stands from Gorski kotar, i.e. with the association Lamio orvalae-Alnetum incanae, where it was found that they differ significantly both from the ecological and from the floral point of view (Figure 2). Floral differences of the said forest communities result primarily from the climate and orographic factors of biogeographic regions, and the share of species from zonal forests in whose belts they grow. Table 3 specifies 76 differentiating species: seven for the association Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae and 69 for the association Lamio orvalae-Alnetum incanae. The criterion employed to single them out was that they grow in only one association with at least 20% of relevés, or that the difference between the level of representation in associations is in excess of 35%. The largest number of differentiating species are mesophytes from the alliances Aremonio-Fagion /Ht. 1938/ Borhidi in Törek et al. 1989, Tilio-Acerion Klika 1955, Erythronio-Carpinion (Ht. 1938) Marinček in Wallnöfer et al. 1993 and the order Fagetalia (33 species in total). The large number and frequency of those differentiating species is the reason for clear independence and identity of the association Lamio orvalae-Alnetum incanae compared to other European grey alder forests (Vukelić et al. 2017). The most important differentiating species of the association Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae is Prunus padus. With regard to syntaxonomy, the analyzed associations Equiseto hyemali-Alnetum incanae and Lamio orvalae-Alnetum incanae belong to the suballiance Alnenion glutinoso-incanae Oberd. 1953, alliance Alnion incanae Pawl. in Pawl. et al. 1928, of the order Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawl. in Pawl. et al. 1928 and class Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieger 1937

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Performance of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC

ALICE is the heavy-ion experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The experiment continuously took data during the first physics campaign of the machine from fall 2009 until early 2013, using proton and lead-ion beams. In this paper we describe the running environment and the data handling procedures, and discuss the performance of the ALICE detectors and analysis methods for various physics observables

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe