Explorando a linguagem no jardim de infância e na creche: algumas potencialidades

Relatório de estágio do mestrado em Educação Pré-EscolarO presente relatório descreve, fundamenta e analisa o projeto de intervenção pedagógica, realizada na valência de Jardim de Infância e de Creche, e centrou-se na promoção de experiencias de aprendizagem no domínio da linguagem e da comunicação. Este trajeto iniciou-se com a observação, a interação com as crianças e o diálogo com as educadoras cooperantes, de modo a identificar uma problemática ou um interesse particular para as crianças, definindo posteriormente um plano de intervenção e, consequentemente, os seus objetivos. Assim, para a intervenção pedagógica foi definido o tema Explorando a linguagem no Jardim de Infância e na Creche: Algumas potencialidades. Em Jardim de Infância, este tema foi baseado no particular interesse das crianças por rimas, pelas palavras escritas, pela procura de sons das palavras, por querer conhecer as letras e saber como se escreve determinada palavra e qual é a letra inicial de determinada palavra. Como o próprio tema indica, a intervenção pedagógica teve como objetivos a promoção de experiências e atividades diversificadas de linguagem oral e escrita, passando, ainda, pela promoção da compreensão da funcionalidade da linguagem escrita. Todos estes objetivos foram desenvolvidos utilizando diferentes estratégias como jogos de palavras, leitura e exploração de histórias, audição de canções, entre outros. No contexto de Creche, as crianças encontram-se numa fase crucial de desenvolvimento da linguagem através das suas interações com os pares, os adultos e o meio envolvente. Deste modo, o projeto de intervenção pedagógica, em Creche, centrou-se na promoção de experiências diversificadas de linguagem e comunicação através de diferentes estratégias, como a leitura e exploração de histórias, e de atividades de exploração sensorial que envolvesse a criança e a desafiasse a comunicar ideias e descobertas. A intervenção desenvolvida no Jardim de Infância ampliou a curiosidade das crianças quanto ao significado das palavras à sua volta, promoveu nas crianças a consciência fonológica e competências para criar e narrar histórias. Em Creche, as atividades desenvolvidas alargaram as oportunidades de ouvir histórias, imitar sons, cantar canções, conhecer e pronunciar novas palavras e explorar o meio envolvente.The present report describes, analyses and justifies a pedagogical intervention project, held in valence of Kindergarten and Nursery, and focused on the promotion of learning experiences in the field of language and communication. This journey began with observation, interaction with the kids and dialogue with cooperating teachers in order to identify a problem or a particular interest for the children, followed by setting a plan of action and consequently their goals. Hence, for pedagogical intervention the defined theme was Exploring language in Kindergarten and Nursery: Some potential. In Kindergarten, this theme was based on the particular interests of children by rhymes, written words, search for the sound of words, for the willingness to learn the words, know how to spell that word and what is the first letter of a the given word. As the theme suggests, the educational intervention aimed at the promotion of diverse experiences and activities of oral and written language, considering the promotion of comprehension of the functionality of the written language. All these goals were developed using different strategies such as word games, reading and exploring stories, listening to songs, among others. In the context of Nursery, children are at a crucial stage of language development through their interactions with their peers, adults and the environment. Therefore, the design of educational intervention in the Nursery was focus on the promotion of diversified experiences of language and communication through different strategies such as reading and exploring stories, and sensory exploration activities involving the child and challenging him to communicate ideas and discoveries. The intervention developed in Kindergarten expanded children's curiosity about the meaning of words around them, promoted in children the phonological awareness and skills to create and to tell stories. In the Nursery, the activities have extended opportunities to hear stories, imitating sounds, sing songs, and learn to pronounce new words and explore their surrounding environment

Fatal intimate partner violence against women in Portugal: a forensic medical national study

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important cause of women's health and socio-familial severe problems, the most extreme being the victims' homicide. This is the first nationwide Portuguese autopsy-based and judicial-proven study about female intimate partner homicide. At least 62 women over 15 years old were killed by current or former men-intimate partners, corresponding to an IPV-related female mortality rate of 0.44/100.000 women; intimate partner violence was the reason of homicide in 60.8% of all autopsied women. The typical Portuguese victim showed to be a young adult woman, employed, killed by a current husband in a long-term relationship, usually with children in common and with a history of previous IPV. The typical Portuguese perpetrator showed to be older than the victim, employed, owning a firearm and without criminal records. At the time of the fatal event 59.7% of the relationships were current. In 57.9% of the former relationships women were killed during the 1st year after its terminus. Near half of the perpetrators attempted or committed suicide afterward. Most women were killed by gunshot wounds (45.2%), especially in the thorax (48.4%), with multiple fatal injuries; 56.5% also presented non-fatal injuries. The detection of prior IPV and the risk evaluation seems to be fundamental to decrease these fatal outcomes, but also, the prevention of perpetrators' alcohol abuse and carrying weapons. This work emphasizes the need to deepen the research on this issue, aiming to contribute to prevent both fatal and non-fatal IPV-related cases

Mixed reality in surgery – a delphi study

Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality all have useful applications in the field of medicine, but Mixed reality has great potential because it allows for interaction with both real and digital Objects. Based on a previous literature review, a preliminary Delphi study was performed to obtain the opinion of a panel of 22 experts from several hospitals on the use of Mixed Reality tools, such as the HoLoLens 2, in surgeries. After data collection, a consensus letter was signed. According to experts, the most useful areas are medical education and surgical planning.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aconselhamento farmacêutico a utentes com diabetes Mellitus em farmácias comunitárias

Introdução: 422 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo foram diagnosticados com Diabetes mellitus (DM) em 2014 [1], pelo que a vigilância, prevenção e controlo da doença e suas complicações é fundamental. O tratamento farmacológico é fundamental para o controlo da DM, tendo o profissional de Farmácia um papel basilar para o sucesso do tratamento [2]. Objetivos: Avaliar e caracterizar o aconselhamento farmacêutico pelos profissionais de Farmácia a utentes com DM em Farmácias Comunitárias de Fafe, Guimarães e Lixa. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo-correlacional. A população alvo englobou os profissionais de farmácia de Farmácias Comunitárias das localidades de Fafe, Guimarães e Lixa. A amostra, do tipo não probabilística acidental, foi constituída por 111 indivíduos. Para recolha de dados recorreu-se a um questionário de autopreenchimento e para a análise, tratamento e organização dos dados utilizou-se o programa SPSS, versão 22. Resultados: A maioria dos profissionais de Farmácia é do género feminino (75,7%) com idades entre os 22 e 70 anos (48±8 anos), solteiro (51,4%) e licenciado (51,4%). Relativamente à profissão, 50,5% são Farmacêuticos, 43,2% Técnicos de Farmácia e 6,3% Auxiliares de Farmácia, em Farmácias Comunitárias de Fafe (45,9%), Guimarães (38,7%) e Lixa (15,3%). Relativamente ao aconselhamento farmacêutico, foram encontrados valores médios de 84%, sendo que profissionais com 1 a 5 anos de experiência apresentaram valores superiores (89%, p=0,028). Todos os profissionais indicaram que advertem o utente relativamente à importância da adesão à terapêutica. Ainda, 9% dos profissionais de Farmácia (n=10) realizam seguimento farmacoterapêutico em DM (5), hipercolesterolemia (2) e hipertensão arterial (2). Para o aconselhamento farmacêutico em utentes com DM, o valor médio foi de 75%, com valores superiores para profissionais de Farmácias Comunitárias de Fafe (80%, p<0,001). 27% dos profissionais de Farmácia participou num curso sobre DM, em média há 3,8 anos, com a duração de 9,2 horas. Conclusões: Foram obtidos valores elevados para o aconselhamento farmacêutico a utentes com DM (75%), sobretudo em profissionais de farmácia de Fafe. É ainda importante referir que a DM é uma das doenças para as quais mais se realiza seguimento farmacoterapêutico.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aerobic and facultative bacteria: working horses at the service of anaerobic digestion

It is clear that aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria have an important role in the first steps of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process, especially when complex organic compounds are degraded. However, their diversity, abundance and function, related to the fine control of process variables such as pH and ORP, and the potential establishment of networks with methanogens and acetogens are far from being fully understood. Here we show some examples demonstrating that microaerophilic and aerobic conditions are critical for accelerating the methane production rates from hydrophobic compounds such as lipids and hydrocarbons. In the later case, a combination of aerobic with methanogenic conditions allow to convert hydrocarbons to methane at accelerated rates, with bacterial lipids as main intermediates. We believe that hybrid fine-controlled microaerophilic AD processes will emerge as the next generation of applications of AD technology to boost the methane production rate from a myriad of anaerobically slow degraded complex substratesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tailoring the partitioning of proteins using ionic liquids as adjuvants in polymer-polymer aqueous biphasic systems

Aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) are promising for proteins purification; however, when dealing with samples comprising several proteins, the selectivity towards a target protein is difficult to achieve. In this work, the addition of ionic liquids (ILs) as adjuvants (5 and 10 wt%) in ABS composed of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) and Dextran was investigated to tailor proteins’ partitioning between the coexisting phases. The liquid-liquid phase diagrams were determined at 298 K, followed by partition studies of three proteins (bovine serum albumin (BSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and cytochrome C (Cyt C)). Partition coefficients of IgG and BSA indicate the preference of both proteins to the dextran-rich phase, whereas Cyt C has no preferential partitioning between the phases. The addition of chloride-based ILs as adjuvants allows to increase or decrease the partition coefficients, thus tailoring the proteins partitioning between the phases. BSA partitioning essentially depends on the IL content in each phase, whereas Cyt C and IgG partitioning is ruled by the ILs chemical structure and established interactions. Molecular docking was carried out to address the ILs effect on the proteins partitioning, supporting experimental observations, while identifying the specific interactions occurring. The partition of each protein in polymer-salt ABS with ILs as adjuvants was determined, demonstrating the higher tailoring ability of polymer-polymer ABS when adding ILs. Finally, the partition of each protein in presence of the remaining ones was determined, as well as the selectivity of the studied systems to separate each pair of proteins, paving the way for their use in liquid-liquid chromatography.publishe

Photodeposition of silver on Zinc/Calcium ferrite nanoparticles: A contribution to efficient effluent remediation and catalyst reutilization

The efficient photodegradation of textile dyes is still a challenge, especially considering resistant azo dyes. In this work, zinc/calcium mixed ferrite nanoparticles prepared by the sol-gel method were coupled with silver by a photodeposition method to enhance the photocatalytic potency. The obtained zinc/calcium ferrites are mainly cubic-shaped nanoparticles sized 15 ± 2 nm determined from TEM and XRD and an optical bandgap of 1.6 eV. Magnetic measurements indicate a superparamagnetic behavior with saturation magnetizations of 44.22 emu/g and 27.97 emu/g, respectively, for Zn/Ca ferrite and Zn/Ca ferrite with photodeposited silver. The zinc/calcium ferrite nanoparticles with photodeposited silver showed efficient photodegradation of the textile azo dyes C.I. Reactive Blue 250 and C.I. Reactive Yellow 145. Subsequent cycles of the use of the photocatalyst indicate the possibility of magnetic recovery and reutilization without a significant loss of efficiency.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the framework of the Strategic Funding of CF-UM-UP (UIDB/04650/2020) and research project PTDC/QUI-QFI/28020/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028020) funded by FCT, FEDER, PORTUGAL2020, and COMPETE2020

Identification of clusters of asthma control: A preliminary analysis of the inspirers studies

This work was funded by ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) through the operations: POCI- -01-0145-FEDER-029130 (“mINSPIRERS—mHealth to measure and improve adherence to medication in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases - generalisation and evaluation of gamification, peer support and advanced image processing technologies”) co-funded by the COMPETE2020 (Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização), Portugal 2020 and by Portuguese Funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia).© 2020, Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia e Imunologia Clinica. All rights reserved. Aims: To identify distinct asthma control clusters based on Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT) and to compare patients’ characteristics among these clusters. Methods: Adults and adolescents (≥13 years) with persistent asthma were recruited at 29 Portuguese hospital outpatient clinics, in the context of two observational studies of the INSPIRERS project. Demographic and clinical characteristics, adherence to inhaled medication, beliefs about inhaled medication, anxiety and depression, quality of life, and asthma control (CARAT, >24 good control) were collected. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using CARAT total score (CARAT-T). Results: 410 patients (68% adults), with a median (percentile 25–percentile 75) age of 28 (16-46) years, were analysed. Three clusters were identified [mean CARAT-T (min-max)]: cluster 1 [27(24-30)], cluster 2 [19(14-23)] and cluster 3 [10(2-13)]. Patients in cluster 1 (34%) were characterised by better asthma control, better quality of life, higher inhaler adherence and use of a single inhaler. Patients in clusters 2 (50%) and 3 (16%) had uncontrolled asthma, lower inhaler adherence, more symptoms of anxiety and depression and more than half had at least one exacerbation in the previous year. Further-more, patients in cluster 3 were predominantly female, had more unscheduled medical visits and more anxiety symp-toms, perceived a higher necessity of their prescribed inhalers but also higher levels of concern about taking these inhalers. There were no differences in age, body mass index, lung function, smoking status, hospital admissions or specialist physician follow-up time among the three clusters. Conclusion: An unsupervised method based on CARAT--T, identified 3 clusters of patients with distinct, clinically meaningful characteristics. The cluster with better asthma control had a cut-off similar to the established in the validation study of CARAT and an additional cut-off seems to distinguish more severe disease. Further research is necessary to validate the asthma control clusters identified.publishersversionpublishe

Morphological and Postural changes in the foot during pregnancy and puerperium : a longitudinal study

The aim of this study is to observe the morphological and postural changes to the foot that take place during pregnancy and the puerperium. Method: In this descriptive, observational, longitudinal study, we analysed 23 pregnant women, with particular attention to morphological and postural aspects of the foot, at three time points during and after pregnancy: in weeks 9-13 of gestation, weeks 32-35 of gestation and weeks 4-6 after delivery. The parameters considered were changes in foot length, the Foot Posture Index (FPI) and the Hernández Corvo Index, which were analysed using a pedigraph and taking into account the Body Mass Index (BMI). The same procedure was conducted in each review. Results: The statistical analyses obtained for each foot did not differ significantly between the three measurement times. A pronator-type footprint was most frequently observed during the third trimester of pregnancy; it was predominantly neutral during the postpartum period. Statistically significant differences between the measurement times were obtained in the right foot for cavus vs. neutral foot type (between the first and third trimesters and also between the first trimester and the puerperium) (in both cases, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Foot length increases in the third trimester and returns to normal in the puerperium. According to FPI findings, the third trimester of pregnancy is characterised by pronation, while the posture returns to neutrality during the postpartum period. During pregnancy, the plantar arch flattens, and this persists during the puerperium. The incidence of cavus foot increases significantly in the third trimester and in the puerperium