698 research outputs found
Los niños y las niñas de infantil piensan, actúan y hablan sobre el comportamiento del aire y del agua
En este trabajo se plantea la construcciĂłn de modelos sobre temas de ciencias por parte del alumnado de educaciĂłn infantil. Se presentan dos actividades cuya finalidad es ayudarlo a construir modelos sobre el aire y el agua, iniciando asĂ el desarrollo del pensamiento sistĂ©mico. Los niños y las niñas, a partir de las observaciones y mediante las preguntas planteadas, tratan de explicar las propiedades y las caracterĂsticas del medio que les rodea. A pesar de las expectativas iniciales, trabajando de esta manera se ha conseguido la construcciĂłn de modelos parciales de los fenĂłmenos que observan mediante la verificaciĂłn de algunas de sus hipĂłtesis de partida. En definitiva, se puede afirmar que desde estas primeras etapas educativas es posible trabajar ideas de la ciencia a partir de proyectos que surgen de la observaciĂłn de su entorno. In this paper we propose the construction of scientific models by Early Childhood Education students. Two activities are presented whose purpose is to help them to build air and water models, thus initiating the development of systemic thinking. The children, based on the observations and through the questions asked, try to explain the properties and characteristics of the environment that surrounds them. In spite of the initial expectations, working in this way it has been achieved the construction of partial models of the phenomena that they observe from the verification of some of their first hypotheses. In short, it can be affirmed that from these first educational stages it is possible to work the ideas of the science throughout the guided inquiry
Schroedingers equation with gauge coupling derived from a continuity equation
We consider a statistical ensemble of particles of mass m, which can be
described by a probability density \rho and a probability current \vec{j} of
the form \rho \nabla S/m. The continuity equation for \rho and \vec{j} implies
a first differential equation for the basic variables \rho and S. We further
assume that this system may be described by a linear differential equation for
a complex state variable \chi. Using this assumptions and the simplest possible
Ansatz \chi(\rho,S) Schroedingers equation for a particle of mass m in an
external potential V(q,t) is deduced. All calculations are performed for a
single spatial dimension (variable q) Using a second Ansatz \chi(\rho,S,q,t)
which allows for an explict q,t-dependence of \chi, one obtains a generalized
Schroedinger equation with an unusual external influence described by a
time-dependent Planck constant. All other modifications of Schroeodingers
equation obtained within this Ansatz may be eliminated by means of a gauge
transformation. Thus, this second Ansatz may be considered as a generalized
gauging procedure. Finally, making a third Ansatz, which allows for an
non-unique external q,t-dependence of \chi, one obtains Schroedingers equation
with electromagnetic potentials \vec{A}, \phi in the familiar gauge coupling
form. A possible source of the non-uniqueness is pointed out.Comment: 25 pages, no figure
FILO Ciliophora
CapĂtulo de libroEl conocimiento de la diversidad de los ciliados planctĂłnicos en aguas de Galicia hasta la fecha es muy limitado. La mayor parte de los estudios publicados solo incluyen grandes grupos o algunas especies dominantes, que clásicamente se identificaban por microscopĂa Ăłptica adaptada y hoy en dĂa se se usan tĂ©cnicas moleculares basadas en la amplificaciĂłn, clonaciĂłn y secuenciaciĂłn de regiones del gen codificador del ARNr 18S, que permite la identificaciĂłn filogenĂ©tica de las "especies" o OTUs que componen las comunidades de ciliados planctĂłnicos, por ejemplo. La lista añadida incluye 25 familias y 88 gĂ©neros y especies, recogidos en el marco de proyectos de observaciĂłn sistemática del IEO... La clasificaciĂłn usada se basa en Lynn&Small (2002) y la nomenclatura empleada en WORMS (Warren, 2011). DiferenciaciĂłn por ambientes pelágicos.En prens
Clinical delineation and natural history of the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum.
Somatic mutations in the phosphatidylinositol/AKT/mTOR pathway cause segmental overgrowth disorders. Diagnostic descriptors associated with PIK3CA mutations include fibroadipose overgrowth (FAO), Hemihyperplasia multiple Lipomatosis (HHML), Congenital Lipomatous Overgrowth, Vascular malformations, Epidermal nevi, Scoliosis/skeletal and spinal (CLOVES) syndrome, macrodactyly, and the megalencephaly syndrome, Megalencephaly-Capillary malformation (MCAP) syndrome. We set out to refine the understanding of the clinical spectrum and natural history of these phenotypes, and now describe 35 patients with segmental overgrowth and somatic PIK3CA mutations. The phenotypic data show that these previously described disease entities have considerable overlap, and represent a spectrum. While this spectrum overlaps with Proteus syndrome (sporadic, mosaic, and progressive) it can be distinguished by the absence of cerebriform connective tissue nevi and a distinct natural history. Vascular malformations were found in 15/35 (43%) and epidermal nevi in 4/35 (11%) patients, lower than in Proteus syndrome. Unlike Proteus syndrome, 31/35 (89%) patients with PIK3CA mutations had congenital overgrowth, and in 35/35 patients this was asymmetric and disproportionate. Overgrowth was mild with little postnatal progression in most, while in others it was severe and progressive requiring multiple surgeries. Novel findings include: adipose dysregulation present in all patients, unilateral overgrowth that is predominantly left-sided, overgrowth that affects the lower extremities more than the upper extremities and progresses in a distal to proximal pattern, and in the most severely affected patients is associated with marked paucity of adipose tissue in unaffected areas. While the current data are consistent with some genotype-phenotype correlation, this cannot yet be confirmed
TecnologĂas del hidrĂłgeno
El interĂ©s por las tecnologĂas del hidrĂłgeno ha crecido en los Ăşltimos años, principalmente porque una economĂa basada en el hidrĂłgeno puede dar respuesta a los grandes desafĂos de la economĂa global del futuro: seguridad energĂ©tica y cambio climático. Aprovechando este impulso, cada vez son más los paĂses que están implementando un nĂşmero creciente de polĂticas en favor del hidrĂłgeno. Prueba de ello es la Estrategia Europea del HidrĂłgeno que establece al hidrĂłgeno como un elemento esencial en| la descarbonizaciĂłn total del actual sistema energĂ©tico para alcanzar el compromiso de la UE con la neutralidad de carbono en 2050. No obstante, el desarrollo exitoso de las tecnologĂas del hidrĂłgeno requiere que todos los actores, incluidos los sectores pĂşblico y privado, aumenten sus esfuerzos para acelerar su despliegue y hacer que su implantaciĂłn a gran escala resulte competitiva. Los grupos de investigaciĂłn que forman parte del área de trabajo de tecnologĂas del hidrĂłgeno, dentro de la Plataforma Temática Interdisciplinar PTI Mobility 2030 del CSIC, trabajan en este sentido, desarrollando su labor en áreas tan diversas como la generaciĂłn, el almacenamiento, la distribuciĂłn y los usos del hidrĂłgeno.
The interest in hydrogen technologies has grown in recent years, mainly because an economy based on hydrogen can help to solve important challenges related to the global economy of the future: energy security and climate change. Taking advantage of this momentum, more and more countries are implementing a growing number of policies related to hydrogen. Indeed, the European Hydrogen Strategy establishes hydrogen as essential drivers for the total decarbonization of the current energy system in order to achieve the Ells commitment related to carbon neutrality by 2050. However, the successful development of the hydrogen technologies requires the collaboration of the public and private sectors to accelerate its deployment and make more competitive its implementation at large-scale. The research groups that take part of the line of work dedicated to hydrogen technologies, within the CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform PTI Mobility 2030, work in this regard, developing their investigations in several important areas related to the hydrogen technologies such as hydrogen generation, storage, distribution and uses
Tissue graft rejection in mice
A liver-slice to kidney-bed grafting system was used to study the course of rejection of a specific tissue across various genetic barriers in inbred strains of mice. Rejection or survival, scored histologically at various times after grafting, demonstrated that multiple non H-2 differences cause rejection at least as rapidly as H-2 differences. Differences at the K end of the mouse major histocompatibility complex cause tissue rejection more rapidly than do differences at the D end of the complex. The latter differences cause chronic rejection similar to that found across several minor H locus barriers. The H-2 haplotype carried by the recipient or the strength of the H-2 antigens of the donor affect the survival time in liver tissue grafts. Studies employing this model system will contribute to the definition of different immunogenetic parameters affecting survival of various tissues in a genetically well-defined animal model.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46746/1/251_2005_Article_BF01576941.pd
Multicentre observational study on multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19 in Argentina
Background: The impact of the pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) in low- and middle-income countries remains poorly understood. Our aim was to understand the characteristics and outcomes of PIMS-TS in Argentina. Methods: This observational, prospective, and retrospective multicenter study enrolled patients younger than 18 years-old manifesting PIMS-TS, Kawasaki disease (KD) or Kawasaki shock syndrome (KSS) between March 2020 and May 2021. Patients were followed-up until hospital discharge or death (one case). The primary outcome was pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify variables predicting PICU admission. Results: Eighty-one percent, 82%, and 14% of the 176 enrolled patients fulfilled the suspect case criteria for PIMS-TS, KD, and KSS, respectively. Temporal association with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed in 85% of the patients and 38% were admitted to the PICU. The more common clinical manifestations were fever, abdominal pain, rash, and conjunctival injection. Lymphopenia was more common among PICU-admitted patients (87% vs. 51%, p < 0.0001), who also showed a lower platelet count and higher plasmatic levels of inflammatory and cardiac markers. Mitral valve insufficiency, left ventricular wall motion alterations, pericardial effusion, and coronary artery alterations were observed in 30%, 30%, 19.8%, and 18.6% of the patients, respectively. Days to initiation of treatment, rash, lymphopenia, and low platelet count were significant independent contributions to PICU admission. Conclusion: Rates of severe outcomes of PIMS-TS in the present study agreed with those observed in high-income countries. Together with other published studies, this work helps clinicians to better understand this novel clinical entity.Fil: Vainstein, Eduardo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez"; ArgentinaFil: Baleani, Silvia. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez"; ArgentinaFil: Urrutia, Luis. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de PediatrĂa "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Affranchino, Nicolás. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de PediatrĂa "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Ackerman, Judith. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Cazalas, Mariana. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez"; ArgentinaFil: Goldsman, Alejandro. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez"; ArgentinaFil: Sardella, Angela. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez"; ArgentinaFil: Tolin, Ana Laura. Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza. Hospital Pediátrico Humberto Notti; ArgentinaFil: Goldaracena, Pablo. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor MarĂa Ludovica" de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Fabi, Mariana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor MarĂa Ludovica" de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cosentino, Mariana. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Magliola, Ricardo. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Roggiero, Gustavo. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Alta Complejidad en Red El Cruce Dr. NĂ©stor Carlos Kirchner Samic; ArgentinaFil: Manso, Paula. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Alta Complejidad en Red El Cruce Dr. NĂ©stor Carlos Kirchner Samic; ArgentinaFil: Triguy, JĂ©sica. Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza. Hospital Pediátrico Humberto Notti; ArgentinaFil: Ballester, Celeste. Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza. Hospital Pediátrico Humberto Notti; ArgentinaFil: Cervetto, Vanesa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Vaccarello, MarĂa. Sanatorio de la Trinidad; ArgentinaFil: De Carli, Domingo Norberto. ClĂnica del Niño de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: De Carli, Maria Estela. ClĂnica del Niño de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Ciotti, Ana Laura. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Sicurello, MarĂa Irene. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez"; ArgentinaFil: Rios Leiva, Cecilia. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos "Eva PerĂłn"; ArgentinaFil: Villalba, Claudia. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de PediatrĂa "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Hortas, MarĂa. Sanatorio de la Trinidad; ArgentinaFil: Peña, Sonia. Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza. Hospital Pediátrico Humberto Notti; ArgentinaFil: González, Gabriela. Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza. Hospital Pediátrico Humberto Notti; ArgentinaFil: Zold, Camila Lidia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Murer, Mario Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Grippo, M.. No especifĂca;Fil: Vázquez, H.. No especifĂca;Fil: MorĂłs, C.. No especifĂca;Fil: Di Santo, M.. No especifĂca;Fil: Villa, A.. No especifĂca;Fil: Lazota, P.. No especifĂca;Fil: Foti, M.. No especifĂca;Fil: Napoli, N.. No especifĂca;Fil: Katsikas, M. M.. No especifĂca;Fil: Tonello, L.. No especifĂca;Fil: Peña, J.. No especifĂca;Fil: Etcheverry, M.. No especifĂca;Fil: Iglesias, D.. No especifĂca;Fil: Alcalde, A. L.. No especifĂca;Fil: Bruera, M.J.. No especifĂca;Fil: Bruzzo, V.. No especifĂca;Fil: Giordano, P.. No especifĂca;Fil: Pena Acero, F.. No especifĂca;Fil: Netri Pelandi, G.. No especifĂca;Fil: Pastaro, D.. No especifĂca;Fil: Bleiz, J.. No especifĂca;Fil: RodrĂguez, M. F.. No especifĂca;Fil: Laghezza, L.. No especifĂca;Fil: Molina, M. B.. No especifĂca;Fil: Patynok, N.. No especifĂca;Fil: Chatelain, M. S.. No especifĂca;Fil: Aguilar, M. J.. No especifĂca;Fil: Gamboa, J.. No especifĂca;Fil: Cervan, M.. No especifĂca;Fil: Ruggeri, A.. No especifĂca;Fil: Marinelli, I.. No especifĂca;Fil: Checcacci, E.. No especifĂca;Fil: Meregalli, C.. No especifĂca;Fil: Damksy Barbosa, J.. No especifĂca;Fil: Fernie, L.. No especifĂca;Fil: Fernández, M. J.. No especifĂca;Fil: Saenz Tejeira, M.M.. No especifĂca;Fil: Cereigido, C.. No especifĂca;Fil: Nunell, A.. No especifĂca;Fil: Villar, D.. No especifĂca;Fil: Mansilla, A. D.. No especifĂca;Fil: Darduin, M. D.. No especifĂca
Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis According to Drug Susceptibility Testing to First- and Second-line Drugs: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
The clinical validity of drug susceptibility testing (DST) for pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and second-line antituberculosis drugs is uncertain. In an individual patient data meta-analysis of 8955 patients with confirmed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, DST results for these drugs were associated with treatment outcome
Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin
Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale based on the large dataset and number of soil erosion experimental stations.Spanish Government (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MINECO) and FEDER Projects: CGL2014 52135-C3-3-R, ESP2017-89463-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-1-R, CGL2016-78075-P, GL2008-02879/BTE, LEDDRA 243857, RECARE-FP7, CGL2017-83866-C3-1-R, and PCIN-2017-061/AEI. Dhais Peña-Angulo received a “Juan de la Cierva” postdoctoral contract (FJCI-2017-33652 Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC). Ana Lucia acknowledge the "Brigitte-Schlieben-Lange-Programm". The “Geoenvironmental Processes and Global Change” (E02_17R) was financed by the AragĂłn Government and the European Social Fund. JosĂ© AndrĂ©s LĂłpez-TarazĂłn acknowledges the Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia for supporting the Consolidated Research Group 2014 SGR 645 (RIUS- Fluvial Dynamics Research Group). Artemi CerdĂ thank the funding of the OCDE TAD/CRP JA00088807. JosĂ© MartĂnez-Fernandez acknowledges the project Unidad de Excelencia CLU-2018-04 co-funded by FEDER and Castilla y LeĂłn Government. Ane Zabaleta is supported by the Hydro-Environmental Processes consolidated research group (IT1029-16, Basque Government). This paper has the benefit of the Lab and Field Data Pool created within the framework of the COST action CONNECTEUR (ES1306)
Management of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacilli infections in solid organ transplant recipients: SET/GESITRA-SEIMC/REIPI recommendations
Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are especially at risk of developing infections by multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), as they are frequently exposed to antibiotics and the healthcare setting, and are regulary subject to invasive procedures. Nevertheless, no recommendations concerning prevention and treatment are available. A panel of experts revised the available evidence; this document summarizes their recommendations: (1) it is important to characterize the isolate´s phenotypic and genotypic resistance profile; (2) overall, donor colonization should not constitute a contraindication to transplantation, although active infected kidney and lung grafts should be avoided; (3) recipient colonization is associated with an increased risk of infection, but is not a contraindication to transplantation; (4) different surgical prophylaxis regimens are not recommended for patients colonized with carbapenem-resistant GNB; (5) timely detection of carriers, contact isolation precautions, hand hygiene compliance and antibiotic control policies are important preventive measures; (6) there is not sufficient data to recommend intestinal decolonization; (7) colonized lung transplant recipients could benefit from prophylactic inhaled antibiotics, specially for Pseudomonas aeruginosa; (8) colonized SOT recipients should receive an empirical treatment which includes active antibiotics, and directed therapy should be adjusted according to susceptibility study results and the severity of the infection.J.T.S. holds a research contract from the Fundación para la Formación e Investigación de los Profesionales de la Salud de Extremadura (FundeSalud), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. M.F.R. holds a clinical research contract “Juan Rodés” (JR14/00036) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Instituto de Salud Carlos III
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