Actividad antitumoral de alicina de ajo

Los estudios epidemiológicos relacionan el aumento del consumo de ajo con una disminución en la incidencia de cáncer en diferentes poblaciones humanas. Los estudios experimentales de carcinogénesis en modelos animales y en los cultivos de células tumorales indican que varios compuestos derivados del ajo tienen efectos inhibitorios. A fin de proporcionar una mejor comprensión de los efectos de derivados del ajo en la prevención del cáncer, se evaluó la alicina el principal componente del ajo, en la actividad antitumoral in vitro y en ratones con linfoma. Se encontró que la alicina disminuyó el crecimiento de células tumorales, mientras que in vivo, el compuesto muestra un efecto antitumoral en el linfoma murino L5178Y. La alicina incrementó la secreción de las citocinas IL-2, interferón-gamma y TNF-alfa obtenidas de plasma de ratón con linfoma. Estas citocinas están asociadas con la respuesta antitumoral benéfica Th1, que es característica de inmunoterapias efectivas para el cáncer

Bioactivity, nutritional property, and rapid chemical characterization of aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaf from Mexico

Purpose: To investigate the bioactive and nutritional properties, as well as rapid chemical characterization of aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaf from Mexico Methods: The crude aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf was obtained by decoction. Cytotoxicity was tested against cervicouterine cancer cells (HeLa) using methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Nutritional evaluation was carried out according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) procedures. Rapid qualitative chemical characterization of the extract was carried out by direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) method. Results: The aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf showed cytotoxicity against HeLa cells and also antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Nutritional analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, vitamin C, Na, and Fe in the aqueous extract. DART-MS spectra showed the presence of alkaloids and phenols as the major components. Conclusion: The cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf lend some support for its traditional uses as anti-cancer remedy. These activities are probably due to its active secondary metabolites. Thus, the aqueous extract is a source of healthy nutritional components as well as a potential anti-cancer agent for humans

Self-assembly of hexahistidine-tagged tobacco etch virus capsid protein into microfilaments that induce IgG2-specific response against a soluble porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus chimeric protein

Antibody titers produced in sera of immunized mice recognizing His-TEV-CP protein. Immunization and ELISA procedures were conducted as described in Fig. 3 legend. Briefly explained, serum samples corresponding to bleeding 3 of mice group immunized with 25 μg of TEV VLPs (TEVVLPs25) were tested for total IgG and isotypes IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b antibody response by ELISA in plates coated with with 1 μg of His-TEV-CP protein per well. Absorbance was taken at 450 nm in xMark spectrophotometer microplate reader (BioRad, USA). Results are expressed as antibody endpont titers greater than threefold the background value of preimmune sera. Excel was used for data processing. (TIFF 1142 kb

Editing the Central Nervous System Through CRISPR/Cas9 Systems

The translational gap to treatments based on gene therapy has been reduced in recent years because of improvements in gene editing tools, such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system and its variations. This has allowed the development of more precise therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, where access is privileged. As a result, engineering of complexes that can access the central nervous system (CNS) with the least potential inconvenience is fundamental. In this review article, we describe current alternatives to generate systems based on CRISPR/Cas9 that can cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and may be used further clinically to improve treatment for neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)

Genotoxic Effect of Chronic Exposure to DDT on Lymphocytes, Oral Mucosa and Breast Cells of Female Rats

The genotoxicity of some environmental contaminants may affect human health directly by damaging genetic material and thus plays an important role in cancer development. Xenoestrogens are one kind of environmental pollutants that may alter hormonal routes or directly affect DNA. The number of available biomarkers used to assess genetic risk and cancer is very extensive. The present study evaluated genotoxicity produced by the pesticide DDT on systemic and mammary gland cells obtained from adult female Wistar rats. Oral mucosa cells micronuclei were assessed; the comet assay in peripheral blood-isolated lymphocytes and mammary epithelial cells was also carried out. Additionally, oxidative stress was studied in mammary tissue through a lipid peroxidation assay. Our data showed an increase in lipid peroxidation, product of an increase in free oxygen radical levels, which leads to an oxidative stress status. Our results suggest that DDT is genotoxic, not only for lymphocytes but also to mammary epithelial cells

Hypocholesterolemic Effect and In Vitro Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activity of an Opuntia ficus-indica Extract

Cholesterol control is fundamental for prevention of cardiovascular disorders. In this work, the hypocholesterolemic activity of an aqueous Opuntia ficus-indica extract (AOE) was tested in triton-induced mice. The inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase enzyme was evaluated in vitro by the same extract. Furthermore, polyphenol content of the extract was evaluated. Hypercholesterolemia was induced in three groups of mice by intraperitoneal administration of Triton WR-1339. After induction of hypercholesterolemia, the groups were treated with an AOE (500 mg/kg) and saline solution and the positive control group with orlistat, respectively. Cholesterol levels were measured 24 h later in peripheral blood. The levels of blood cholesterol after administration of AOE significantly decreased compared to negative control. The inhibitory activity of AOE on pancreatic lipase enzyme was evaluated at concentrations from 60 to 1000 g/mL. The AOE inhibited the pancreatic lipase with an IC 50 = 588.5 g/mL. The AOE had a high content of polyphenolic compounds. These results show that AOE is able to prevent hypercholesterolemia by pancreatic lipase inhibition, in part due to its polyphenolic compounds

An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and Toxicology

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ethnopharmacological relevance: The management of diabetes mellitus management in African communities, especially in Gabon, is not well established as more than 60% of population rely on traditional treatments as primary healthcare. The aim of this review was to collect and present the scientific evidence for the use of medicinal plants that are in currect by Gabonese traditional healers to manage diabetes or hyperglycaemia based here on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of plants with anti-diabetic activity. There are presented in order to promote their therapeutic value, ensure a safer use by population and provide some bases for further study on high potential plants reviewed. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical studies were sourced using databases such as Online Wiley library, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PROTA, books and unpublished data including Ph.D. and Master thesis, African and Asian journals. Keywords including ‘Diabetes’ ‘Gabon’ ‘Toxicity’ ‘Constituents’ ‘hyperglycaemia’ were used. Results: A total of 69 plants currently used in Gabon with potential anti-diabetic activity have been identified in the literature, all of which have been used in in vivo or in vitro studies. Most of the plants have been studied in human or animal models for their ability to reduce blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion or inhibit carbohydrates enzymes. Active substances have been identified in 12 out of 69 plants outlined in this review, these include Allium cepa and Tabernanthe iboga. Only eight plants have their active substances tested for anti-diabetic activity and are suitables for further investigation. Toxicological data is scarce and is dose-related to the functional parameters of major organs such as kidney and liver. Conclusion: An in-depth understanding on the pharmacology and toxicology of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is lacking yet there is a great scope for new treatments. With further research, the use of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is important to ensure the safety of the diabetic patients in Gabon.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Antitumoral activity of allicin from garlic [Actividad antitumoral de alicina de ajo]

Epidemiological studies link increased garlic consumption with a reduced incidence of cancer in various human populations. Experimental carcinogenesis studies in animal models and in cell culture systems indicate that several allium-derived compounds exhibit inhibitory effects. To provide a better understanding of the effects of allium derivatives on the prevention of cancer, we examined allicin, the major component of garlic, for their effects on antitumoral activity in vitro and in L5178Y lymphoma bearing mice. We found that allicin decreased the growth of tumor cells whereas in vivo, the compound shown an antitumor effect in murine L5178Y lymphoma. Allicin enhanced the secretion of IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha cytokines from mouse plasma. These cytokines are associated with the beneficial Th1 antitumor response, which is characteristic of effective cancer immunotherapies. Zapotitlán 2011 Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Arométicas

Antitumoral activity of allicin from garlic [Actividad antitumoral de alicina de ajo]

Epidemiological studies link increased garlic consumption with a reduced incidence of cancer in various human populations. Experimental carcinogenesis studies in animal models and in cell culture systems indicate that several allium-derived compounds exhibit inhibitory effects. To provide a better understanding of the effects of allium derivatives on the prevention of cancer, we examined allicin, the major component of garlic, for their effects on antitumoral activity in vitro and in L5178Y lymphoma bearing mice. We found that allicin decreased the growth of tumor cells whereas in vivo, the compound shown an antitumor effect in murine L5178Y lymphoma. Allicin enhanced the secretion of IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha cytokines from mouse plasma. These cytokines are associated with the beneficial Th1 antitumor response, which is characteristic of effective cancer immunotherapies. © 2011 Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas

Actividad antitumoral de alicina de ajo |Antitumoral activity of allicin from garlic.

Los estudios epidemiológicos relacionan el aumento del consumo de ajo con una disminución en la incidencia de cáncer en diferentes poblaciones humanas. Los estudios experimentales de carcinogénesis en modelos animales y en los cultivos de células tumorales indican que varios compuestos derivados del ajo tienen efectos inhibitorios. A fin de proporcionar una mejor comprensión de los efectos de derivados del ajo en la prevención del cáncer, se evalúa la alicina el principal componente del ajo, en la actividad antitumoral in vitro y en ratones con linfoma. Se encontró que la alicina disminuyó el crecimiento de células tumorales, mientras que in vivo, el compuesto muestra un efecto antitumoral en el linfoma murino L5178Y. La alicina incrementó la secrecién de las citocinas IL-2, interferón-gamma y TNF-alfa obtenidas de plasma de ratón con linfoma. Estas citocinas estén asociadas con la respuesta antitumoral benéfica Th1, que es característica de inmunoterapias efectivas para el cáncer