Indikator Tawadhu dalam Keseharian

Character in islam known with the term akhlaq, namely the condition of being born and human inner. Akhlaq divided into akhlaq good and bad akhlaq. Akhlaq good or akhlaq mahmudah, as patient, thanksgiving, sincere, received, humble or tawadhu, honest or sidiq, philanthropist or jud, mandate, excusing, and gracefully. Akhlaq bad as petulant , do not give thanks , showy , voracious , arrogant , stingy , perfidious , revenge , and blasphemy. Indicators group this character quantitatively can be developed by involving the various the theory community close to support restrictions character good and bad above. Individual character behold a reflection of what is in individual self. individuals can be expressing what is his power. The process of actual potential itself up to individual have to of domestic which need to actualized and which need to controlled. This factor more played by psychologists or counselor to map potential individuals and stretches, so formed to individuals characterless

Evaluasi Afektif dalam Pembelajaran

Dalam taksonomi Benjamin S.Bloom ada tiga ranah pendidikan, yaitu ranah berpikir (cognative domain), ranah nilai atau sikap (affective domain), dan ranah keterampilan (psychomotor domain). Tiga ranah pendidikan ini yang menjadi tujuan dari pendidikan di Indonesia, sebagaimana disebutkan dalam Undang-Undang RI nomor 20 tahun 2003 tentang sistem pendidikan nasional bertujuaan untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman, dan bertaqwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berahlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab, jadi dapat kita simpulkan ranah kognitifnya adalah berilmu. Ranah afektifnya adalah beriman dan bertaqwa, berahlak mulia, mandiri, demokratis, bertanggung jawab. Ranah psikomotoriknya adalah sehat, cakap, kreatif. Ketiga ranah ini harus dijadikan sasaran dalam setiap kegiatan evaluasi belajar.Dalam mengukur hasil belajar kawasan afektif termasuk sukar karena menyangkut kawasan sikap dan apresiasi. Evaluasi afektif berkaitan dengan pembentukan dan Perubahan sikap

Pola Spatial Persebaran Pusat Perbelanjaan Modern Di Surabaya Berdasarkan Probabilitas Kunjungan

Surabaya sebagai kota besar saat ini mulai dipenuhi dengan pusat perbelanjaan modern hingga mencapai lebih dari 20 unit. Perkembangannya saat ini menyebabkan adanya persaingan antar pusat perbelanjaan satu dengan yang lain. Dengan kondisi seperti ini, diperlukan identifikasi mengenai besaran nilai probabilitas masing-masing pusat perbelanjaan terhadap penduduk yang ada di Suarabaya. Dalam penelitian ini, penentuan probabilitas kunjungan didapatkan dari model Huff. Model ini menghitung nilai probabilitas penduduk yang ada terhadap pusat perbelanjaan dengan menggunakan variabel jarak dan luas bangunan total. Hasil perhitungan tersebut kemudian dikombinasikan dengan perkiraan jangkauan pelayanan tiap pusat perbelanjaan sehingga didapatkan tipologi kecamatan terhadap kemungkinan mengunjungi seluruh pusat perbelanjaan yang ada di Surabaya. Didapatkan bahwa terdapat empat kategori yang masing-masing memiliki karakteristik dan variabel yang mempengaruhinya. Kategori pertama merupakan 5 kecamatan dengan probabilitas rendah dan terjangkau dengan faktor yang berpengaruh adalah luas lantai bangunan serta jarak yang digambarkan oleh jangkauan pelayanan. Kategori kedua merupakan 22 kecamatan dengan probabilitas sedang dan terjangkau dengan faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah jangkauan pelayanan serta jarak terhadap masing-masing pusat perbelanjaan. Kategori tiga merupakan 2 kecamatan dengan probabilitas tinggi dan terjangkau dengan faktor yang berpengaruh adalah luas pusat perbelanjaan. Sedangkan kategori terakhir adalah 2 kecamatan dengan probabilitas sedang namun belum terjangkau oleh layanan pusat perbelanjaa

Model Pembelajaran Responsif Gender di STIT Pemalang

Salah satu USAha untuk mengeliminir kesenjangan gender adalah melalui pendidikan responsif gender dengan menanamkan nilai- nilai keadilan dan keseteraan gender melalui model Pembelajaran responsif gender. Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah (STIT) Pemalang dalam rangka memperkecil ketimpangan gender pada aspek pendidikan dituntut dan diharapkan dapat mengembangkan dan mengimplementasikan model pembelajaran responsif gender yang memperhatikan dan mengakomodasi kepentingan mahasiswa laki- laki dan perempuan secara seimbang dari aspek akses/peluang, partisipasi, kontrol dan manfaat.Dalam pengembangan ini diakukan beberapa uji coba yaitu uji coba skala kecil dengan lapangan terbatas, uji coba skala besar dengan lapangan diperluas dan uji validasi model, dengan hasil sebagai berikut: 1) Akses dalam belajar, prosentase menunjukkan responsif gender yakni di semester 1 A: 92,59%, di semester 1 B: 93,3%, di semester 3 A: 90,47%, di semester 3 B: 100%, di semester 5 A: 79,41% dan di semester 5 B: 96,15%. 2) Partisipasi dalam belajar, prosentase menunjukkan tidak responsif gender. Hal ini disebabkan karena mahasiswa dan mahasiswi yang tidak bekerjasama dalam tugas kelompok yang diberikan dosen. 3) Memiliki kontrol atas sumber pembelajaran, prosentase menunjukkan responsif gender yakni di semester 1 A: 62,96%, di semester 1 B: 80%, di semester 3 A: 85,72%, di semester 3 B: 68,18%, di semester 5 A: 67,65% dan di semester 5 B: 76,92%., dan 4) Manfaat dalam belajar, prosentase menunjukkan responsif gender dengan hasil 100% di semua tingkatan semester

From earthquakes to island area: multi‐scale effects upon local diversity

Tropical forests occupy small coral atolls to the vast Amazon basin. They occur across bioregions with different geological and climatic history. Differences in area and bioregional history shape species immigration, extinction and diversification. How this effects local diversity is unclear. The Indonesian archipelago hosts thousands of tree species whose coexistence should depend upon these factors. Using a novel dataset of 215 Indonesian forest plots, across fifteen islands ranging in area from 120 to 785 000 km$^{2}$, we apply Gaussian mixed effects models to examine the simultaneous effects of environment, earthquake proximity, island area and bioregion upon tree diversity for trees ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height. We find that tree diversity declines with precipitation seasonality and increases with island area. Accounting for the effects of environment and island area we show that the westernmost bioregion Sunda has greater local diversity than Wallacea, which in turn has greater local diversity than easternmost Sahul. However, when the model includes geological activity (here proximity to major earthquakes), bioregion differences are reduced. Overall, results indicate that multi‐scale, current and historic effects dictate tree diversity. These multi‐scale drivers should not be ignored when studying biodiversity gradients and their impacts upon ecosystem function

Protocol for Nearly Full-Length Sequencing of HIV-1 RNA from Plasma

Nearly full-length genome sequencing of HIV-1 using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) DNA as a template for PCR is now a relatively routine laboratory procedure. However, this has not been the case when using virion RNA as the template and this has made full genome analysis of circulating viruses difficult. Therefore, a well-developed procedure for sequencing of full-length HIV-1 RNA directly from plasma was needed. Plasma from U.S. donors representing a range of viral loads (VL) was used to develop the assay. RNA was extracted from plasma and reverse-transcribed. Two or three overlapping regions were PCR amplified to cover the entire viral genome and sequenced for verification. The success of the procedure was sensitive to VL but was routinely successful for VL greater than 105 and the rate declined in proportion to the VL. While the two-amplicon strategy had an advantage of increasing the possibility of amplifying a single species of HIV-1, the three-amplicon strategy was more successful in amplifying samples with low viral loads. This protocol provides a useful tool for molecular analysis to understand the HIV epidemic and pathogenesis, as well as diagnosis, therapy and future vaccine strategies

Dynamic thylakoid stacking and state transitions work synergistically to avoid acceptor-side limitation of photosystem I

TAP38/STN7-dependent (de)phosphorylation of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) regulates the relative excitation rates of photosystems I and II (PSI, PSII) (state transitions) and the size of the thylakoid grana stacks (dynamic thylakoid stacking). Yet, it remains unclear how changing grana size benefits photosynthesis and whether these two regulatory mechanisms function independently. Here, by comparing Arabidopsis wild-type, stn7 and tap38 plants with the psal mutant, which undergoes dynamic thylakoid stacking but lacks state transitions, we explain their distinct roles. Under low light, smaller grana increase the rate of PSI reduction and photosynthesis by reducing the diffusion distance for plastoquinol; however, this beneficial effect is only apparent when PSI/PSII excitation balance is maintained by state transitions or far-red light. Under high light, the larger grana slow plastoquinol diffusion and lower the equilibrium constant between plastocyanin and PSI, maximizing photosynthesis by avoiding PSI photoinhibition. Loss of state transitions in low light or maintenance of smaller grana in high light also both bring about a decrease in cyclic electron transfer and over-reduction of the PSI acceptor side. These results demonstrate that state transitions and dynamic thylakoid stacking work synergistically to regulate photosynthesis in variable light

A phylogenetic classification of the world’s tropical forests

Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world’s tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present the first classification of the world’s tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (1) Indo-Pacific, (2) Subtropical, (3) African, (4) American, and (5) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional Neo- versus Palaeo-tropical forest division, but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar and India. Additionally, a northern hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northern hemisphere forests