Predictive power of admission score on the university academic performance

La presente investigación estudia el poder predictivo del puntaje de admisión a la universidad y de otras variables relacionadas con el proceso de admisión, sobre el desempeño académico del estudiante, representado en el promedio de la carrera. Método: la población objetivo fueron los estudiantes matriculados a la Universidad de Caldas en el quinquenio 2008-2012. Se aplica el análisis de regresión múltiple. Resultados: en términos globales, el puntaje de admisión evidencia una asociación estadísticamente significativa con el desempeño académico. Conclusión: consistente con otras investigaciones, el puntaje de admisión muestra una baja correlación, aunque significativa, con el desempeño en la universidad. Además emergen otras variables que influyen favorablemente en el buen desempeño, tales como el hecho de ser mujer, el ingresar joven a la universidad, el provenir de estratos más altos y aplicar a políticas de admisión en donde se reconoce el historial académico del aspirante.This research examines the predictive power of the university admission score and other variables related to the admission process, about the academic performance of the student, represented in the average of the career. Method: The target subjects were enrolled students at Universidad de Caldas in a five-year period from 2008-2012. Multiple regression analyses were applied. Results: overall, admission score evidences a statistically significant association with academic performance. Conclusion: consistent with other research, the admission score shows a low correlation, although significant, with university performance. In addition, other variables that favorably influence good performance emerge, such as the fact of being a woman, young students entering the university, coming from higher strata and to apply to admission policies where applicant’s academic record is recognized

Estudio del poder predictivo del puntaje de admisión sobre el desempeño académico universitario

La presente investigación estudia el poder predictivo del puntaje de admisión a la universidad y de otras variables relacionadas con el proceso de admisión, sobre el desempeño académico del estudiante, representado en el promedio de la carrera. Método: la población objetivo fueron los estudiantes matriculados a la Universidad de Caldas en el quinquenio 2008-2012. Se aplica el análisis de regresión múltiple. Resultados: en términos globales, el puntaje de admisión evidencia una asociación estadísticamente significativa con el desempeño académico. Conclusión: consistente con otras investigaciones, el puntaje de admisión muestra una baja correlación, aunque significativa, con el desempeño en la universidad. Además emergen otras variables que influyen favorablemente en el buen desempeño, tales como el hecho de ser mujer, el ingresar joven a la universidad, el provenir de estratos más altos y aplicar a políticas de admisión en donde se reconoce el historial académico del aspirante

Unfolding Pathway of a Globular Protein by Surfactants Monitored with Raman Optical Activity

Protein denaturation by surfactants has received increased attention in the last years due to its implications in topics such as pharmaceutics, cosmetics, paints, or biotechnology. This phenomenon is highly dependent on the physicochemical (structural) properties of the denaturing agents. In this work, we have measured for the first time the Raman optical activity (ROA) of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of three surfactants (anionic, cationic, and neutral), which has allowed us to detect new spectroscopic insights of the protein−surfactant interaction that conventional Raman spectroscopy cannot. Our work proposes two new groups of ROA marker bands to explore the unfolding of BSA induced by surfactants, which are related to “polar” (amide I and III modes) and “apolar” (methylene bending and phenyl breathing modes) protein sections. The appearance of the former groups is related to the initial attack of the surfactant, while the second groups relate to the hydrophobic unfolding

História acadêmica do ensino médio como preditor de desempenho universitário

This research article investigates the predictive power that high school academic performancehas on academic success in university, as well as some of the implications of its incorporation in the university admission process. The population for this research were students who entered the University of Caldas in the years 2011-2012. Multiple regressionmodels and the calculation of the relative importance of the return variables were used to measure their predictive capacity. A comparative analysis of the incidence that the results in the Icfes Pruebas Saber has on the reproduction of social inequalities was carried out. The model obtained considers high school performance and admission score as predictive variables of university success, accounting for 18.3% of the total variability of the data. The relative importance shows that 78.3% is attributed to high school performance and 21.7% to the admission score. The results obtained are consistent with multiple investigations in the area, so the recommendation aims to incorporate high school academic performance in the admission processes of higher education institutions.La investigación indaga sobre el poder predictivo que el desempeño académico de secundaria tiene sobre el éxito académico en la universidad, al igual que las implicaciones de su incorporación en el proceso de admisión como moderador de la desigualdad social en nuestro entorno. Método: la población, estudiantes que ingresaron a la Universidad de Caldas en los años 2011-2012. Se acudió a los modelos de regresión múltiple y al cálculo de la importancia relativa de las variables regresoras para medir su capacidad predictiva. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de la incidencia que los resultados en las pruebas del ICFES tienen como reproductor de las desigualdades sociales. Resultados: el modelo obtenido contempla al desempeño en secundaria y al puntaje de admisión como variables predictoras del éxito universitario, explicando un 18.3% de la variabilidad total de los datos. La importancia relativa arroja que el 78.3% se le atribuye al desempeño en secundaria y el 21.7% al puntaje de admisión. Conclusión: los resultados obtenidos son consistentes con múltiples investigaciones en el área, por lo que la recomendación apunta a incorporar el rendimiento académico de secundaria en los procesos de admisión de las instituciones de educación superior.Este artigo de pesquisa investiga o poder preditivo que o desempenho acadêmico no ensino médio tem sobre o sucesso acadêmico na universidade, bem como algumas das implicações de sua incorporação no processo de admissão na universidade. A população desta pesquisa foi de estudantes que ingressaram na Universidade de Caldas nosanos de 2011-2012. Modelos de regressão múltipla e o cálculo da importância relativa das variáveis de retorno foram utilizados para medir sua capacidade preditiva. Foi realizada uma análise comparativa da incidência que os resultados das Pruebas Saber do Icfes têm sobre a reprodução de desigualdades sociais. O modelo obtido considera o desempenhono ensino médio e a pontuação de admissão como variáveis preditoras de sucesso universitário, respondendo por 18,3% da variabilidade total dos dados. A importância relativa mostra que 78,3% são atribuídos ao desempenho no ensino médio e 21,7% ao escore de admissão. Os resultados obtidos são consistentes com várias investigações na área;portanto, a recomendação visa incorporar o desempenho acadêmico do ensino médio nos processos de admissão de instituições de ensino superior

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

Association Between Preexisting Versus Newly Identified Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exist before or occur early in the course of pulmonary embolism (PE). We determined the PE outcomes based on the presence and timing of AF. Methods and Results Using the data from a multicenter PE registry, we identified 3 groups: (1) those with preexisting AF, (2) patients with new AF within 2 days from acute PE (incident AF), and (3) patients without AF. We assessed the 90-day and 1-year risk of mortality and stroke in patients with AF, compared with those without AF (reference group). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 792 had preexisting AF. These patients had increased odds of 90-day all-cause (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% CI, 2.33-3.38) and PE-related mortality (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.14) and increased 1-year hazard for ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% CI, 3.10-9.69) compared with those without AF. After multivariable adjustment, preexisting AF was associated with significantly increased odds of all-cause mortality (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.57-2.32) but not PE-related mortality (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.85-2.66). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 445 developed new incident AF within 2 days of acute PE. Incident AF was associated with increased odds of 90-day all-cause (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.75-2.97) and PE-related (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.01-6.59) mortality but not stroke. Findings were similar in multivariable analyses. Conclusions In patients with acute symptomatic PE, both preexisting AF and incident AF predict adverse clinical outcomes. The type of adverse outcomes may differ depending on the timing of AF onset.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The FANCM:p.Arg658* truncating variant is associated with risk of triple-negative breast cancer

Abstract: Breast cancer is a common disease partially caused by genetic risk factors. Germline pathogenic variants in DNA repair genes BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2 are associated with breast cancer risk. FANCM, which encodes for a DNA translocase, has been proposed as a breast cancer predisposition gene, with greater effects for the ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. We tested the three recurrent protein-truncating variants FANCM:p.Arg658*, p.Gln1701*, and p.Arg1931* for association with breast cancer risk in 67,112 cases, 53,766 controls, and 26,662 carriers of pathogenic variants of BRCA1 or BRCA2. These three variants were also studied functionally by measuring survival and chromosome fragility in FANCM−/− patient-derived immortalized fibroblasts treated with diepoxybutane or olaparib. We observed that FANCM:p.Arg658* was associated with increased risk of ER-negative disease and TNBC (OR = 2.44, P = 0.034 and OR = 3.79; P = 0.009, respectively). In a country-restricted analysis, we confirmed the associations detected for FANCM:p.Arg658* and found that also FANCM:p.Arg1931* was associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk (OR = 1.96; P = 0.006). The functional results indicated that all three variants were deleterious affecting cell survival and chromosome stability with FANCM:p.Arg658* causing more severe phenotypes. In conclusion, we confirmed that the two rare FANCM deleterious variants p.Arg658* and p.Arg1931* are risk factors for ER-negative and TNBC subtypes. Overall our data suggest that the effect of truncating variants on breast cancer risk may depend on their position in the gene. Cell sensitivity to olaparib exposure, identifies a possible therapeutic option to treat FANCM-associated tumors

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG