20 research outputs found
The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbasi Behzad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Elsalam Sherief
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdoli Amir
- Abebe Haimanot
- Abedi Aidin
- Abidi Hassan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abubaker Ali Hiwa
- Achappa Basavaprabhu
- Acuna Juan Manuel
- Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi
- Adegboye Oyelola A
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
- Advani Shailesh M
- Afzal Muhammad Sohail
- Aghaie Meybodi Mohamad
- Ahadinezhad Bahman
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmadi Sepideh
- Ahmed Rashid Tarik
- Ahmed Salih Yusra
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Aiman Wajeeha
- Akalu Gizachew Taddesse
- Al Hamad Hanadi
- Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa M
- Alahdab Fares
- AlAmodi Abdulhadi A
- Alanezi Fahad Mashhour
- Alanzi Turki M
- Alem Adugnaw Zeleke
- Alem Dejene Tsegaye
- Alemayehu Yosef
- Alhalaiqa Fadwa Naji
- Alhassan Robert Kaba
- Ali Saqib
- Alicandro Gianfranco
- Alipour Vahid
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Alkhayyat Motasem
- Alluri Sunitha
- Almasri Nihad A
- Almustanyir Sami
- Alvarez Elysia M
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Ameyaw Edward Kwabena
- Amini Saeed
- Amu Hubert
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Andrei Catalina Liliana
- Andrei Tudorel
- Ansari Fereshteh
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Anvari Davood
- Anyasodor Anayochukwu Edward
- Arab-Zozani Morteza
- Arabloo Jalal
- Argaw Ayele Mamo
- Ariffin Hany
- Arshad Muhammad
- Arulappan Judie
- Aryannejad Armin
- Asemi Zatollah
- Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad
- Atashzar Mohammad Reza
- Atorkey Prince
- Atreya Alok
- Attia Sameh
- Aujayeb Avinash
- Ausloos Marcel
- Avila-Burgos Leticia
- Awedew Atalel Fentahun
- Ayala Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina
- Ayele Alemu Degu
- Ayen Solomon Shitu
- Azab Mohammed A
- Azadnajafabad Sina
- Azami Hiva
- Azangou-Khyavy Mohammadreza
- Azari Jafari Amirhossein
- Azarian Ghasem
- Azzam Ahmed Y
- Bahadory Saeed
- Bai Jianjun
- Baig Atif Amin
- Baker Jennifer L
- Banach Maciej
- Barone-Adesi Francesco
- Barr Ronald D
- Barra Fabio
- Barrow Amadou
- Basaleem Huda
- Batiha Abdul-Monim Mohammad
- Behzadifar Masoud
- Bekele Niguss Cherie
- Belete Rebuma
- Belgaumi Uzma Iqbal
- Bell Arielle Wilder
- Berhie Alemshet Yirga
- Bhagat Devidas S
- Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth
- Bhakta Nickhill
- Bhardwaj Nikha
- Bhardwaj Pankaj
- Bhaskar Sonu
- Bhattacharyya Krittika
- Bhojaraja Vijayalakshmi S
- Bibi Sadia
- Bijani Ali
- Biondi Antonio
- Birara Setognal
- Bjørge Tone
- Bleyer Archie
- Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi
- Bolla Srinivasa Rao
- Boloor Archith
- Braithwaite Dejana
- Brenner Hermann
- Bulamu Norma B
- Burkart Katrin
- Bustamante-Teixeira Maria Teresa
- Butt Nadeem Shafique
- Butt Zahid A
- Bärnighausen Till Winfried
- C. La Vecchia
- Caetano dos Santos Florentino Luciano
- Cao Chao
- Cao Yin
- Carreras Giulia
- Catalá-López Ferrán
- Cembranel Francieli
- Cerin Ester
- Chakinala Raja Chandra
- Chakraborty Promit Ananyo
- Chattu Vijay Kumar
- Chaturvedi Pankaj
- Chaurasia Akhilanand
- Chavan Prachi P
- Chimed-Ochir Odgerel
- Choi Jee-Young Jasmine
- Christopher Devasahayam J
- Chu Dinh-Toi
- Chung Michael T
- Compton Kelly
- Conde Joao
- Costa Vera Marisa
- D'Amico Emanuele
- Da'ar Omar B
- Dadras Omid
- Dahlawi Saad M A
- Dai Xiaochen
- Damiani Giovanni
- Dandona Lalit
- Dandona Rakhi
- Daneshpajouhnejad Parnaz
- Darwish Amira Hamed
- Daryani Ahmad
- De la Hoz Fernando Pio
- Dean Frances E
- Debela Sisay Abebe
- Demie Takele Gezahegn G
- Demissie Getu Debalkie
- Demissie Zeleke Geto
- Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar
- Derbew Molla Meseret
- Desai Rupak
- Desta Abebaw Alemayehu
- Dhamnetiya Deepak
- Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda
- Dhimal Mandira Lamichhane
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Dianatinasab Mostafa
- Didehdar Mojtaba
- Diress Mengistie
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Huyen Phuc
- Doaei Saeid
- Dorostkar Fariba
- dos Santos Wendel Mombaque
- Drake Thomas M
- Ekholuenetale Michael
- El Sayed Zaki Maysaa
- El Sayed Iman
- El Tantawi Maha
- El-Abid Hassan
- El-Jaafary Shaimaa I
- Elbahnasawy Mostafa Ahmed
- Elbarazi Iffat
- Elhabashy Hala Rashad
- Elhadi Muhammed
- Enyew Daniel Berhanie
- Erdomaeva Yana Arturovna
- Erkhembayar Ryenchindorj
- Eshrati Babak
- Eskandarieh Sharareh
- Faisaluddin Mohammed
- Fares Jawad
- Farooque Umar
- Fasanmi Abidemi Omolara
- Fatima Wafa
- Ferreira de Oliveira José Miguel P
- Ferrero Simone
- Ferro Desideri Lorenzo
- Fetensa Getahun
- Filip Irina
- Fischer Florian
- Fisher James L
- Fitzmaurice Christina
- Force Lisa M
- Foroutan Masoud
- Fu Weijia
- Fukumoto Takeshi
- Gaal Peter Andras
- Gad Mohamed M
- Gaewkhiew Piyada
- Gallus Silvano
- Garg Tushar
- Gebremeskel Teferi Gebru
- Gemeda Belete Negese Belete
- Getachew Tamiru
- Ghafourifard Mansour
- Ghamari Seyyed-Hadi
- Ghashghaee Ahmad
- Ghassemi Fariba
- Ghith Nermin
- Gholami Ali
- Gholizadeh Navashenaq Jamshid
- Gilani Syed Amir
- Ginindza Themba G
- Gizaw Abraham Tamirat
- Glasbey James C
- Goel Amit
- Golechha Mahaveer
- Goleij Pouya
- Golinelli Davide
- Gopalani Sameer Vali
- Gorini Giuseppe
- Goudarzi Houman
- Goulart Bárbara Niegia Garcia
- Grada Ayman
- Gubari Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen
- Guerra Maximiliano Ribeiro
- Guha Avirup
- Gunasekera D Sanjeeva
- Gupta Bhawna
- Gupta Sapna
- Gupta Veer Bala
- Gupta Vivek Kumar
- Haddadi Rasool
- Hafezi-Nejad Nima
- Hailu Alemayehu
- Haj-Mirzaian Arvin
- Halwani Rabih
- Hamadeh Randah R
- Hambisa Mitiku Teshome
- Hameed Sajid
- Hamidi Samer
- Haque Shafiul
- Hariri Sanam
- Haro Josep Maria
- Harvey James D
- Hasaballah Ahmed I
- Hasan S M Mahmudul
- Hashemi Seyedeh Melika
- Hassan Treska S
- Hassanipour Soheil
- Hay Simon I
- Hayat Khezar
- Hebo Sultan H
- Heidari Golnaz
- Heidari Mohammad
- Henrikson Hannah Jacqueline
- Herrera-Serna Brenda Yuliana
- Herteliu Claudiu
- Heyi Demisu Zenbaba
- Hezam Kamal
- Hole Michael K
- Holla Ramesh
- Horita Nobuyuki
- Hossain Md Mahbub
- Hossain Mohammad Bellal
- Hosseini Mohammad-Salar
- Hosseini Mostafa
- Hosseinzadeh Ali
- Hosseinzadeh Mehdi
- Hostiuc Mihaela
- Hostiuc Sorin
- Househ Mowafa
- Hsairi Mohamed
- Huang Junjie
- Hussein Nawfal R
- Hwang Bing-Fang
- Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel
- Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen
- Ilic Irena M
- Ilic Milena D
- Innos Kaire
- Irham Lalu Muhammad
- Islam Rakibul M
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Ismail Nahlah Elkudssiah
- Isola Gaetano
- Iwagami Masao
- Jacob Louis
- Jadidi-Niaragh Farhad
- Jain Vardhmaan
- Jakovljevic Mihajlo
- Janghorban Roksana
- Javadi Mamaghani Amirreza
- Jayaram Shubha
- Jayawardena Ranil
- Jazayeri Seyed Behzad
- Jebai Rime
- Jha Ravi Prakash
- John-Akinola Yetunde O
- Joo Tamas
- Joseph Nitin
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jürisson Mikk
- Kaambwa Billingsley
- Kabir Ali
- Kalankesh Leila R
- Kaliyadan Feroze
- Kamal Zul
- Kamath Ashwin
- Kandel Himal
- Kar Sitanshu Sekhar
- Karaye Ibraheem M
- Karimi Amirali
- Kassa Bekalu Getnet
- Kauppila Joonas H
- Keegan Theresa H M
- Kemp Bohan Phillip M
- Kengne Andre Pascal
- Kerbo Amene Abebe
- Ketterl Tyler G
- Keykhaei Mohammad
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khajuria Himanshu
- Khalili Nastaran
- Khalili Neda
- Khan Ejaz Ahmad
- Khan Gulfaraz
- Khan Maseer
- Khan Md Nuruzzaman
- Khan Moien AB
- Khanali Javad
- Khayamzadeh Maryam
- Khosravizadeh Omid
- Khubchandani Jagdish
- Khundkar Roba
- Kim Min Seo
- Kim Yun Jin
- Kisa Adnan
- Kisa Sezer
- Kissimova-Skarbek Katarzyna
- Kocarnik Jonathan M
- Kolahi Ali-Asghar
- Kopec Jacek A
- Koteeswaran Rajasekaran
- Koulmane Laxminarayana Sindhura Lakshmi
- Koyanagi Ai
- Kugbey Nuworza
- Kumar G Anil
- Kumar Nithin
- Kutluk Tezer
- Kwarteng Alexander
- Lan Qing
- Landires Iván
- Lasrado Savita
- Lauriola Paolo
- Ledda Caterina
- Lee Sang-woong
- Lee Wei-Chen
- Lee Yeong Yeh
- Lee Yo Han
- Leigh James
- Leong Elvynna
- Li Bingyu
- Li Jiarui
- Li Ming-Chieh
- Lim Stephen S
- Liu Xuefeng
- Lobo Stany W
- Loureiro Joana A
- Lu Dan
- Lugo Alessandra
- Lunevicius Raimundas
- Magdy Abd El Razek Hassan
- Magdy Abd El Razek Muhammed
- Mahmoudi Morteza
- Majeed Azeem
- Makki Alaa
- Male Shilpa
- Malekpour Mohammad-Reza
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malik Ahmad Azam
- Malogolowkin Marcio Henrique
- Mamun Mohammed A
- Manafi Navid
- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
- Mansouri Borhan
- Mansournia Mohammad Ali
- Martini Santi
- Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra
- Matei Clara N
- Mathur Manu Raj
- Mathur Prashant
- McAlinden Colm
- Mehrotra Ravi
- Mendoza Walter
- Menezes Ritesh G
- Mentis Alexios-Fotios A
- Meretoja Tuomo J
- Mersha Amanual Getnet
- Mesregah Mohamed Kamal
- Mestrovic Tomislav
- Miao Jonasson Junmei
- Miazgowski Bartosz
- Michalek Irmina Maria
- Miller Ted R
- Mingude Alemu Basazin
- Mirmoeeni Seyyedmohammadsadeq
- Mirzaei Hamed
- Misra Sanjeev
- Mithra Prasanna
- Mohammad Karzan Abdulmuhsin
- Mohammadi Mokhtar
- Mohammadi Seyyede Momeneh
- Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah
- Mohammadpourhodki Reza
- Mohammed Arif
- Mohammed Shafiu
- Mohammed Teroj Abdulrahman
- Moka Nagabhishek
- Mokdad Ali H
- Molokhia Mariam
- Momtazmanesh Sara
- Monasta Lorenzo
- Moni Mohammad Ali
- Moradi Ghobad
- Moradi Yousef
- Moradzadeh Maliheh
- Moradzadeh Rahmatollah
- Moraga Paula
- Morrison Shane Douglas
- Mostafavi Ebrahim
- Mousavi Khaneghah Amin
- Mpundu-Kaambwa Christine
- Mubarik Sumaira
- Murray Christopher J L
- Mwanri Lillian
- Nabhan Ashraf F
- Nagaraju Shankar Prasad
- Nagata Chie
- Naghavi Mohsen
- Naimzada Mukhammad David
- Naldi Luigi
- Nangia Vinay
- Naqvi Atta Abbas
- Narasimha Swamy Sreenivas
- Narayana Aparna Ichalangod
- Nayak Biswa Prakash
- Nayak Vinod C
- Nazari Javad
- Nduaguba Sabina Onyinye
- Negoi Ionut
- Negru Serban Mircea
- Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria
- Nepal Samata
- Neupane Kandel Sandhya
- Nggada Haruna Asura
- Nguyen Cuong Tat
- Nnaji Chukwudi A
- Nosrati Hamed
- Nouraei Hasti
- Nowroozi Ali
- Nuñez-Samudio Virginia
- Nwatah Vincent Ebuka
- Nzoputam Chimezie Igwegbe
- Oancea Bogdan
- Odukoya Oluwakemi Ololade
- Oguntade Ayodipupo Sikiru
- Oh In-Hwan
- Olagunju Andrew T
- Olagunju Tinuke O
- Olakunde Babayemi Oluwaseun
- Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike
- Omar Bali Ahmed
- Omar Emad
- Ong Sokking
- Onwujekwe Obinna E
- Ortega-Altamirano Doris V
- Otstavnov Nikita
- Otstavnov Stanislav S
- Oumer Bilcha
- Owolabi Mayowa O
- P A Mahesh
- Padron-Monedero Alicia
- Padubidri Jagadish Rao
- Pakshir Keyvan
- Pana Adrian
- Pandey Anamika
- Pardhan Shahina
- Pashazadeh Kan Fatemeh
- Pasovic Maja
- Patel Jenil R
- Pati Siddhartha
- Pattanshetty Sanjay M
- Paudel Uttam
- Pennini Alyssa
- Pereira Renato B
- Peres Mario F P
- Perianayagam Arokiasamy
- Postma Maarten J
- Pourjafar Hadi
- Pourshams Akram
- Prashant Akila
- Pulakunta Thejodhar
- Qadir Mirza Muhammad Fahd Fahd
- Rabiee Mohammad
- Rabiee Navid
- Radfar Amir
- Radhakrishnan Raghu Anekal
- Radhakrishnan Venkatraman
- Rafiee Ata
- Rafiei Alireza
- Rafiei Sima
- Rahim Fakher
- Rahimzadeh Shadi
- Rahman Mosiur
- Rahman Muhammad Aziz
- Rahmani Amir Masoud
- Rajesh Aashish
- Ramezani-Doroh Vajiheh
- Ranabhat Kamal
- Ranasinghe Priyanga
- Rao Chythra R
- Rao Sowmya J
- Rashedi Sina
- Rashidi Mahsa
- Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi
- Rath Goura Kishor
- Rawaf David Laith
- Rawaf Salman
- Rawal Lal
- Rawassizadeh Reza
- Razeghinia Mohammad Sadegh
- Regasa Misganu Teshoma
- Renzaho Andre M N
- Rezaei Maryam
- Rezaei Negar
- Rezaei Nima
- Rezaeian Mohsen
- Rezapour Aziz
- Rezazadeh-Khadem Sahba
- Riad Abanoub
- Ries Lynn Ann Gloeckler
- Rios Lopez Ligia Estefania
- Rodriguez Jefferson Antonio Buendia
- Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos
- Ronfani Luca
- Roshandel Gholamreza
- Rwegerera Godfrey M
- Saber-Ayad Maha Mohamed
- Sabour Siamak
- Saddik Basema
- Sadeghi Erfan
- Sadeghian Saeid
- Saeed Umar
- Sagoyan Garik Barisovich
- Sahebkar Amirhossein
- Saif-Ur-Rahman KM
- Sajadi S Mohammad
- Salahi Sarvenaz
- Salehi Sana
- Salem Marwa Rashad
- Salimzadeh Hamideh
- Samy Abdallah M
- Sanabria Juan
- Sanmarchi Francesco
- Sarveazad Arash
- Sathian Brijesh
- Sawhney Monika
- Sawyer Susan M
- Saylan Mete
- Schneider Ione Jayce Ceola
- Seidu Abdul-Aziz
- Sendo Endalew Gemechu
- Sepanlou Sadaf G
- Seylani Allen
- Seyoum Kenbon
- Sha Feng
- Shafaat Omid
- Shaikh Masood Ali
- Shamsoddin Erfan
- Shannawaz Mohammed
- Sharma Rajesh
- Sheikhbahaei Sara
- Shetty Adithi
- Shetty B Suresh Kumar
- Shetty Pavanchand H
- Shin Jae Il
- Shirkoohi Reza
- Shivakumar K M
- Shobeiri Parnian
- Siabani Soraya
- Sibhat Migbar Mekonnen
- Siddappa Malleshappa Sudeep K
- Sidemo Negussie Boti
- Silva Julian Guilherme
- Silva Diego Augusto Santos
- Singh Achintya Dinesh
- Singh Jasvinder A
- Singh Jitendra Kumar
- Singh Surjit
- Sinke Abiy H
- Sintayehu Yitagesu
- Skryabin Valentin Yurievich
- Skryabina Anna Aleksandrovna
- Smith Lee
- Sofi-Mahmudi Ahmad
- Soltani-Zangbar Mohammad Sadegh
- Song Suhang
- Spurlock Emma Elizabeth
- Steiropoulos Paschalis
- Straif Kurt
- Subedi Ranjeeta
- Sufiyan Mu'awiyyah Babale
- Suliankatchi Abdulkader Rizwan
- Sultan Iyad
- Sultana Saima
- Szerencsés Viktória
- Szócska Miklós
- Tabaeian Seidamir Pasha
- Tabary Mohammadreza
- Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael
- Tabuchi Takahiro
- Tadbiri Hooman
- Taheri Majid
- Taherkhani Amir
- Takahashi Ken
- Tampa Mircea
- Tan Ker-Kan
- Tat Vivian Y
- Tavakoli Ahmad
- Tbakhi Abdelghani
- Tehrani-Banihashemi Arash
- Temsah Mohamad-Hani
- Tesfay Fisaha Haile
- Tesfaye Bekele
- Thakur Jarnail Singh
- Thapar Rekha
- Thavamani Aravind
- Thiyagarajan Arulmani
- Thomas Nihal
- Tobe-Gai Ruoyan
- Togtmol Munkhsaikhan
- Tohidast Seyed Abolfazl
- Tohidinik Hamid Reza
- Tolani Musliu Adetola
- Tollosa Daniel Nigusse
- Touvier Mathilde
- Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto
- Traini Eugenio
- Tran Bach Xuan
- Tran Mai Thi Ngoc
- Tripathy Jaya Prasad
- Tusa Biruk Shalmeno
- Ukke Gebresilasea Gendisha
- Ullah Irfan
- Ullah Saif
- Umapathi Krishna Kishore
- Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran
- Upadhyay Era
- Ushula Tolassa Wakayo
- Vacante Marco
- Valadan Tahbaz Sahel
- Vargas Martina T
- Varthya Shoban Babu
- Veroux Massimiliano
- Villeneuve Paul J
- Violante Francesco S
- Vlassov Vasily
- Vu Giang Thu
- Waheed Yasir
- Wang Ning
- Ward Paul
- Weldesenbet Adisu Birhanu
- Wen Yi Feng
- Westerman Ronny
- Winkler Andrea Sylvia
- Wubishet Befikadu Legesse
- Xu Rixing
- Xu Suowen
- Yahyazadeh Jabbari Seyed Hossein
- Yang Lin
- Yaya Sanni
- Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid
- Yazie Taklo Simeneh
- Yehualashet Sisay Shewasinad
- Yeshaneh Alex
- Yeshaw Yigizie
- Yirdaw Birhanu Wubale
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yunusa Ismaeel
- Zadnik Vesna
- Zahir Mazyar
- Zahirian Moghadam Telma
- Zamani Mohammad
- Zamanian Maryam
- Zandian Hamed
- Zare Fariba
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zastrozhina Anasthasia
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Ziapour Arash
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Šekerija Mario
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings There were 1.19 million (95% UI 1.11-1.28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59.6 [54.5-65.7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53.2 [48.8-57.9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14.2 [12.9-15.6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13.6 [12.6-14.8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23.5 million (21.9-25.2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2.7% (1.9-3.6) came from YLDs and 97.3% (96.4-98.1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. Interpretation Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe
The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Aali Amirali
- Abbas Qamar
- Abbasi Behzad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Elsalam Sherief
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdelwahab Ahmed Abdelwahab
- Abdoli Gholamreza
- Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi
- Abdulkadir Hanan Abdulkadir
- Abedi Aidin
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abidi Hassan
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Absalan Abdorrahim
- Abtew Yonas Derso
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Achappa Basavaprabhu
- Acheson Alistair R
- Acuna Juan Manuel
- Addison Daniel
- Addo Isaac Yeboah
- Adegboye Oyelola A
- Adesina Miracle Ayomikun
- Adnan Mohammad
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
- Advani Shailesh M
- Afrin Sumia
- Afzal Muhammad Sohail
- Aggarwal Manik
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Araz Ramazan
- Ahmad Rizwan
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmad Sohail
- Ahmadi Sepideh
- Ahmed Haroon
- Ahmed Luai A
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Aiman Wajeeha
- Ajami Marjan
- Akalu Gizachew Taddesse
- Akbarzadeh-Khiavi Mostafa
- Aklilu Addis
- Akonde Maxwell
- Akunna Chisom Joyqueenet
- Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled
- Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali Ali
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa M
- Al-Rifai Rami H Hani
- Al-Sabah Salman Khalifah
- Al-Tammemi Ala'a B
- Alahdab Fares
- Alanezi Fahad Mashhour
- Alanzi Turki M
- Alessy Saleh Ali
- Algammal Abdelazeem M
- Alhassan Robert Kaba
- Ali Adel Hajj
- Ali Beriwan Abdulqadir
- Ali Hiwa Abubaker
- Ali Liaqat
- Ali Syed Shujait
- Alimohamadi Yousef
- Alipour Vahid
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- Tiyuri Amir
- Tollosa Daniel Nigusse
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Toroudi Hamidreza Pazoki
- Touvier Mathilde
- Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto
- Traini Eugenio
- Tran Khanh Bao
- Tran Mai Thi Ngoc
- Tripathy Jaya Prasad
- Ukke Gebresilasea Gendisha
- Ullah Irfan
- Ullah Saif
- Ullah Sana
- Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran
- Vacante Marco
- Vaezi Maryam
- Valdez Pascual R
- Van Nguyen Nguyen Huy
- Vardavas Constantine
- Varniab Zahra Shokri
- Varthya Shoban Babu
- Vaziri Siavash
- Velazquez Diana Zuleika
- Veroux Massimiliano
- Villeneuve Paul J
- Violante Francesco S
- Vladimirov Sergey Konstantinovitch
- Vlassov Vasily
- Vo Bay
- Vos Theo
- Vu Linh Gia
- Wadood Abdul Wadood
- Waheed Yasir
- Walde Mandaras Tariku
- Wamai Richard G
- Wang Cong
- Wang Fang
- Wang Ning
- Wang Yu
- Ward Paul
- Waris Abdul
- Westerman Ronny
- Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana
- Woldemariam Melat
- Woldu Berhanu
- Xiao Hong
- Xu Rixing
- Xu Suowen
- Xu Xiaoyue
- Yadav Lalit
- Yang Lin
- Yazdanpanah Fereshteh
- Yeshaw Yigizie
- Yismaw Yazachew
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yousefian Fatemeh
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yu Yong
- Yunusa Ismaeel
- Zahir Mazyar
- Zaki Nazar
- Zaman Burhan Abdullah
- Zangiabadian Moein
- Zare Fariba
- Zare Iman
- Zareshahrabadi Zahra
- Zarrintan Armin
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zeineddine Mohammad A
- Zhang Dongyu
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhou Linghui
- Zodpey Sanjay
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Šekerija Mario
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.Peer reviewe
Mortality of emergency abdominal surgery in high-, middle- and low-income countries
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- A Abd El Galeel
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- M M Furqan
- M M Hassan Mohammed
- M M Metwally
- M M Palliyil
- M Machaca
- M Mahmoud
- M Makinde
- M Marta Modolo
- M Mayasari
- M Mccarthy
- M Mccarthy
- M Mendez
- M Mesalam
- M Mezeil Telfah
- M Mlotshwa
- M Moamen Mohamed
- M Mohan
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- M Morsi
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- M Mustafa
- M Mustafa
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- M Nirumal Kumar
- M O Dablouk
- M O'Neill
- M Oludara
- M Orchard
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- M Othman
- M Pasini
- M Peycelon
- M Puttick
- M Puttick
- M Rabie
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- M Ramcharn
- M Rangarajan
- M Rashad
- M Rashid
- M Rashid Minhas Qadir
- M Rodriguez Castro
- M S Ali Muhammad Gohar
- M S J Wilson
- M S J Wilson
- M S Weinstein
- M Saad
- M Sabry Ammar
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- M Sykes
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- M Varcada
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- M Wagener
- M Warda
- M Worku
- M Young-Han Kim
- M Zakir
- M Zalabia
- M Zapata Ponze De Leon
- M Zapata Ponze De Leon
- M Zidan
- M Zikry
- M Zuber
- N A Nik Abdullah
- N Abd El Hamid
- N Ahmed Attallah
- N Akeel
- N Badwi
- N Behar
- N Benons
- N Blencowe
- N Botto
- N Bugaev
- N D'aguzan
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- N F Watson
- N Ghandora
- N Gobin
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- N Green
- N Gyanchandani
- N Hall
- N Harrison
- N Herrera
- N J Hall
- N J Smart
- N J Wright
- N Kaselis
- N Limaye
- N M Urbina Rojas
- N Maple
- N Mcintyre
- N Mendez
- N Muralha
- N Ngayu
- N Nikoloudis
- N Osman
- N Panait
- N Pezelj
- N Phillips
- N R Kosai
- N Robertson
- N S Abebe
- N S Mitroudis
- N Sadig
- N Seyoum Abebe
- N Sishuba
- N Soltani
- N Soubhy El-Shahat
- N Starr
- N Yosri Elsayed Abdel-Wahab
- N Zanini
- O Abbo
- O Adesanya
- O Aguilera
- O Al-Obaedi
- O Alahmady
- O Algohary
- O Azzam
- O Bouali
- O Elebute
- O Faturoti
- O Garaycochea
- O Javed
- O Javed
- O Komolafe
- O Mohamed
- O Mosalum
- O Nasher
- O O Ayandipo
- O Oshodi
- O Osman
- O Saadeldeen Ebrahim
- O Salah
- O Seifelnasr
- O Sherief Abd El Hameed
- O Taiwo
- O Todd
- O Warren
- O Wiliams
- O Ziff
- P A Assouto
- P Acharya
- P Alves Bezerra Morais
- P C Munipalle
- P Capleton
- P Danelli
- P De Bono
- P Eduard
- P Harbord
- P Harrison
- P Holton
- P J Lim
- P Jackson
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- P Kielty
- P Labib
- P Malik
- P Mentula
- P Paolo Grandinetti
- P Patel
- P Pitigala Arachchi
- P Ramazzini
- P Sarmah
- P Silvani
- P Singh
- P Sodde
- P Stassen
- P Sutton
- P Sutton
- P Thomson
- P Ugalde
- P Weber
- P Weber
- P Witherspoon
- P-O Lundgren
- Q Alimi
- Q Alimi
- R Adams
- R Allott
- R Alvarado Jaramillo
- R Alyami
- R Alyami
- R Amandito
- R Anderson
- R Araujo
- R Ardley
- R Balmaceda
- R Barrionuevo Ojeda
- R Beyene
- R Blundell
- R Bowe
- R Bugeja
- R Cahill
- R Camacho
- R Chenn
- R Cirocchi
- R Coasaca Huaraya
- R Coomber
- R D Obute
- R D S Omara
- R D'cruz
- R Darío Arias Pacheco
- R Davenport
- R Dean
- R Elmelegy
- R F Staerkle
- R Faccincani
- R Fakher
- R George
- R Gilbert
- R Goh Ern Tze
- R Gratton
- R Guevara
- R Harrison
- R K M Jawad Al-Hasani
- R Kamil
- R Karlo
- R Kennedy
- R Kerley
- R King
- R Lages Simoes
- R Lawther
- R Lilford
- R M H Balila
- R Macchiavello
- R Mcdonald
- R Mcintosh
- R Mcintyre
- R Melo
- R Moore
- R Morton
- R Osuoji
- R Oumer
- R Pranevicius
- R Rackauskas
- R Rajan
- R Rakauskas
- R Riauka
- R Rivas
- R Rodríguez-Uría
- R Sakr
- R Satoskar
- R Schmid
- R Shah
- R Shaker
- R Shaker
- R Slade
- R Soley
- R Som
- R Spence
- R Thurairaja
- R Tyler
- R Villa
- R W Gilbert
- R Zilinskiene
- R-M Bratu
- S A Alnuqaydan
- S A Durand
- S Abd Elmageed Barakat
- S Abdelghany
- S Abdoun Ishag Idris
- S Ahlqvist
- S Al Awwad
- S Al-Nahrawi
- S Aldhafeeri
- S Aljohani
- S Almuallem
- S Altaf Naqvi
- S Anderson Khouri Ferreira
- S Antar
- S Aql
- S Arman
- S Ayad
- S Ayyar
- S B Shu Yip
- S Basson
- S Batista Lemaire
- S Bhat
- S Bhattacharya
- S Binna Kim
- S Bokhari
- S Botes
- S Bradulskis
- S Braungart
- S Breitenstein
- S Chhabra
- S Chidambaram
- S Chiu
- S Chung
- S Corro-Diaz Gonzalez
- S Cucumazzo
- S Das
- S Desta
- S Di Saverio
- S Dias
- S Dindyal
- S Doughan
- S El Mesery
- S El-Rabaa
- S Elshanwany
- S Elsheikh
- S Elsobky
- S Estupinian
- S F Ashraf
- S Fergusson
- S G Gosling
- S Galloway
- S Germanos
- S Ghanem
- S Giuliani
- S Gokani
- S Gosling
- S Hafiz
- S Haines
- S Hallam
- S Hassan
- S Highcock
- S Hossaini
- S Hussein
- S Irtan
- S Itopa Suleiman
- S J Chapman
- S J Lim
- S Juciute
- S K D'amours
- S K Pitt
- S Karandikar
- S Khan
- S Kharsa
- S King
- S Koh
- S Kruspi
- S Kumar
- S Kushwaha
- S Limache
- S Loizides
- S M Contreras Mérida
- S M Lakhani
- S M Sundstrom
- S Magdy Ahmed
- S Mahdi
- S Man Yeng Chiu
- S Mcaleer
- S Mehrez
- S Mikalauskas
- S Mitrasinovic
- S Mouttalib
- S Nadkarni
- S Ng
- S Nigo
- S O'Neill
- S Olori
- S Pai
- S Parthiban
- S Ramzi
- S Ray
- S Rayne
- S Razmdjou
- S Roncali
- S Roy
- S S Prasad
- S Saad
- S Said Elkolaly
- S Samy
- S Sani Ali
- S Sarsik
- S Sarwary
- S Satoskar
- S Shaikh
- S Shehata
- S Sheth
- S Shu
- S Sierra
- S Singh
- S Sinha
- S Sivaganesh
- S Stock
- S Tabiri
- S Talukder
- S Talukder
- S Tewari
- S Tharmalingam
- S Tou
- S V Kinnera
- S Vivekanantham
- S Ward
- S Wondimu
- S Zegarra
- S Zeidan
- S-H Kim
- S-P Hosein
- T A M Malik
- T Akeem Lawal
- T Alzayat
- T Arulampalam
- T B Wold
- T Barker
- T Boyce
- T Brogden
- T Chun
- T Clark
- T E Glover
- T Ebogo Ngwa
- T F Jones
- T Falconer Hall
- T Farooq
- T Fautz
- T Fernandes Giuriato
- T Fozard
- T Fozard
- T Khan
- T Kumar
- T M Drake
- T Mak
- T Muhammad Yaseen
- T Naqvi
- T Newton
- T Nouh
- T O'Connor
- T Pezas
- T Poskus
- T Razek B Marinkovic
- T S Hettiarachchi
- T Sherman
- T Stasinou
- T Urbonas
- T W Tilston
- T White
- T Xerri
- T Yaseen
- U Alamoudi
- U Gunnarsson
- U Gustafsson
- U Hantour
- U Karabacak
- U Walsh
- V Ambrozeviciute
- V Beisa
- V D Palomino Castillo
- V Despotidis
- V Gadhvi
- V Graffeille
- V Graffieille
- V Grassi
- V J P Nsengimana
- V Jennings
- V Jotautas
- V K Proctor
- V Kong
- V M Quintero Riaza
- V Parent
- V Patel
- V Punja
- V Sallinen
- V Shatkar
- V Summerour
- V Thanusan
- W Adham
- W Anwer
- W Beasley
- W C Ho
- W C Soon
- W Chachulski
- W Forno
- W Guo
- W Hawkins
- W Ho
- W Hutch
- W J Lossius
- W L Messa Aguilar
- W L Messa Aguilar
- W Milligan
- W Milligan
- W Pino
- W S Li
- W S M Kithsiri Janakantha Senanayake
- Y Abd El Salam
- Y Abd Elrasoul
- Y Abd-Elrasoul
- Y Aigrain
- Y Cengiz
- Y El Shoura
- Y Elfouly
- Y Hegazy
- Y Ibrahim
- Y Imorou Souaibou
- Y Macchitella
- Y N Neo
- Y P Mogan
- Y Rajjoub
- Y Reddy
- Y Salama
- Y Sinha
- Z Chan
- Z Dambrauskas
- Z Hassan
- Z Iftikhar
- Z Jaffry
- Z Mikwar
- Z Oof
- Z Urniezius
- Z Zhang
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2016
- Field of study
Background: Surgical mortality data are collected routinely in high-income countries, yet virtually no low- or middle-income countries have outcome surveillance in place. The aim was prospectively to collect worldwide mortality data following emergency abdominal surgery, comparing findings across countries with a low, middle or high Human Development Index (HDI).
Methods: This was a prospective, multicentre, cohort study. Self-selected hospitals performing emergency surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive patients from at least one 2-week interval during July to December 2014. Postoperative mortality was analysed by hierarchical multivariable logistic regression.
Results: Data were obtained for 10 745 patients from 357 centres in 58 countries; 6538 were from high-, 2889 from middle- and 1318 from low-HDI settings. The overall mortality rate was 1⋅6 per cent at 24 h (high 1⋅1 per cent, middle 1⋅9 per cent, low 3⋅4 per cent; P < 0⋅001), increasing to 5⋅4 per cent by 30 days (high 4⋅5 per cent, middle 6⋅0 per cent, low 8⋅6 per cent; P < 0⋅001). Of the 578 patients who died, 404 (69⋅9 per cent) did so between 24 h and 30 days following surgery (high 74⋅2 per cent, middle 68⋅8 per cent, low 60⋅5 per cent). After adjustment, 30-day mortality remained higher in middle-income (odds ratio (OR) 2⋅78, 95 per cent c.i. 1⋅84 to 4⋅20) and low-income (OR 2⋅97, 1⋅84 to 4⋅81) countries. Surgical safety checklist use was less frequent in low- and middle-income countries, but when used was associated with reduced mortality at 30 days.
Conclusion: Mortality is three times higher in low- compared with high-HDI countries even when adjusted for prognostic factors. Patient safety factors may have an important role. Registration number: NCT02179112 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)
Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
- Author
- Ababneh Emad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Elsalam Sherief M.
- Abdoli Amir
- Abedi Aidin
- Abidi Hassan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
- Advani Shailesh M.
- Afzal Muhammad Sohail
- Aghaali Mohammad
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Sepideh
- Ahmed Rashid Tarik
- Ahmed Salih Yusra
- Akalu Gizachew Taddesse
- Aklilu Addis
- Akram Tayyaba
- Akunna Chisom Joyqueenet
- Al Hamad Hanadi
- Al-Aly Ziyad
- Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali Ali
- Alahdab Fares
- Ali Saqib
- Alimohamadi Yousef
- Alipour Vahid
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Alkhayyat Motasem
- Almasi-Hashiani Amir
- Almasri Nihad A.
- Almustanyir Sami
- Alonso Nivaldo
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Amu Hubert
- Anbesu Etsay Woldu
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Ansari Fereshteh
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Antwi Maxwell Hubert
- Anvari Davood
- Anyasodor Anayochukwu Edward
- Aqeel Muhammad
- Arab-Zozani Morteza
- Arabloo Jalal
- Aremu Olatunde
- Ariffin Hany
- Aripov Timur
- Arshad Muhammad
- Artaman Al
- Arulappan Judie
- Asemi Zatollah
- Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad
- Ashraf Tahira
- Atorkey Prince
- Aujayeb Avinash
- Ausloos Marcel
- Awedew Atalel Fentahun
- Ayala Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina
- Ayenew Temesgen
- Azab Mohammed A.
- Azadnajafabad Sina
- Azari Jafari Amirhossein
- Azarian Ghasem
- Azzam Ahmed Y.
- Badiye Ashish D.
- Bahadory Saeed
- Baig Atif Amin
- Baker Jennifer L.
- Balakrishnan Senthilkumar
- Banach Maciej
- Barone-Adesi Francesco
- Barra Fabio
- Barrow Amadou
- Behzadifar Masoud
- Belgaumi Uzma Iqbal
- Bezabhe Woldesellassie M. Mequanint
- Bezabih Yihienew Mequanint
- Bhagat Devidas S.
- Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth
- Bhardwaj Nikha
- Bhardwaj Pankaj
- Bhaskar Sonu
- Bhattacharyya Krittika
- Bhojaraja Vijayalakshmi S.
- Bibi Sadia
- Bijani Ali
- Biondi Antonio
- Bisignano Catherine
- Bjørge Tone
- Bleyer Archie
- Blyuss Oleg
- Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi
- Bolla Srinivasa Rao
- Braithwaite Dejana
- Brar Amanpreet
- Brenner Hermann
- Bustamante-Teixeira Maria Teresa
- Butt Nadeem Shafique
- Butt Zahid A.
- Bärnighausen Till Winfried
- Caetano dos Santos Florentino Luciano
- Cao Yin
- Carreras Giulia
- Catalá-López Ferrán
- Cembranel Francieli
- Cerin Ester
- Cernigliaro Achille
- Chakinala Raja Chandra
- Chattu Soosanna Kumary
- Chattu Vijay Kumar
- Chaturvedi Pankaj
- Chimed-Ochir Odgerel
- Cho Daniel Youngwhan
- Christopher Devasahayam J.
- Chu Dinh-Toi
- Chung Michael T.
- Compton Kelly
- Conde Joao
- Cortesi Paolo Angelo
- Cortés Sanda
- Costa Vera Marisa
- Cunha Amanda Ramos
- Dadras Omid
- Dagnew Amare Belachew
- Dahlawi Saad M. A.
- Dai Xiaochen
- Dandona Lalit
- Dandona Rakhi
- Darwesh Aso Mohammad
- das Neves José
- De la Hoz Fernando Pio
- Dean Frances E.
- Demis Asmamaw Bizuneh
- Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar
- Dhamnetiya Deepak
- Dhimal Mandira Lamichhane
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Dianatinasab Mostafa
- Diaz Daniel
- Djalalinia Shirin
- Do Huyen Phuc
- Doaei Saeid
- Dorostkar Fariba
- dos Santos Figueiredo Francisco Winter
- Driscoll Tim Robert
- Ebrahimi Hedyeh
- Eftekharzadeh Sahar
- El Tantawi Maha
- El-Abid Hassan
- El-Jaafary Shaimaa I.
- Elbarazi Iffat
- Elhabashy Hala Rashad
- Elhadi Muhammed
- Eshrati Babak
- Eskandarieh Sharareh
- Esmaeilzadeh Firooz
- Etemadi Arash
- Ezzikouri Sayeh
- Faisaluddin Mohammed
- Faraon Emerito Jose A.
- Fares Jawad
- Farzadfar Farshad
- Feroze Abdullah Hamid
- Ferrero Simone
- Ferro Desideri Lorenzo
- Filip Irina
- Fischer Florian
- Fisher James L.
- Fitzmaurice Christina
- Force Lisa M.
- Foroutan Masoud
- Fu Weijia
- Fukumoto Takeshi
- Gaal Peter Andras
- Gad Mohamed M.
- Gadanya Muktar A.
- Gallus Silvano
- Gaspar Fonseca Mariana
- Gaw Brian L.
- Getachew Obsa Abera
- Ghafourifard Mansour
- Ghashghaee Ahmad
- Ghith Nermin
- Gholamalizadeh Maryam
- Gilani Syed Amir
- Ginindza Themba G.
- Gizaw Abraham Tamirat T.
- Glasbey James C.
- Golechha Mahaveer
- Goleij Pouya
- Gomez Ricardo Santiago
- Gopalani Sameer Vali
- Gorini Giuseppe
- Goudarzi Houman
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gubari Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen
- Guerra Maximiliano Ribeiro
- Guha Avirup
- Gunasekera D. Sanjeeva
- Gupta Bhawna
- Gupta Veer Bala
- Gupta Vivek Kumar
- Gutiérrez Reyna Alma
- Hafezi-Nejad Nima
- Haider Mohammad Rifat
- Haj-Mirzaian Arvin
- Halwani Rabih
- Hamadeh Randah R.
- Hameed Sajid
- Hamidi Samer
- Hanif Asif
- Haque Shafiul
- Harlianto Netanja I.
- Haro Josep Maria
- Harvey James D.
- Hasaballah Ahmed I.
- Hassanipour Soheil
- Hay Roderick J.
- Hay Simon I.
- Hayat Khezar
- Heidari Golnaz
- Heidari Mohammad
- Henrikson Hannah Jacqueline
- Herrera-Serna Brenda Yuliana
- Herteliu Claudiu
- Hezam Kamal
- Holla Ramesh
- Hossain Md Mahbub
- Hossain Mohammad Bellal Hossain
- Hosseini Mohammad-Salar
- Hosseini Mostafa
- Hosseinzadeh Mehdi
- Hostiuc Mihaela
- Hostiuc Sorin
- Househ Mowafa
- Hsairi Mohamed
- Huang Junjie
- Hugo Fernando N.
- Hussain Rabia
- Hussein Nawfal R.
- Hwang Bing-Fang
- Iavicoli Ivo
- Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel
- Ida Fidelia
- Ikuta Kevin S.
- Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen
- Ilic Irena M.
- Ilic Milena D.
- Irham Lalu Muhammad
- Islam Jessica Y.
- Islam Rakibul M.
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Ismail Nahlah Elkudssiah
- Isola Gaetano
- Iwagami Masao
- Jacob Louis
- Jain Vardhmaan
- Jakovljevic Mihajlo B.
- Javaheri Tahereh
- Jayaram Shubha
- Jazayeri Seyed Behzad
- Jha Ravi Prakash
- Jonas Jost B.
- Joo Tamas
- Joseph Nitin
- Joukar Farahnaz
- Jürisson Mikk
- Kabir Ali
- Kahrizi Danial
- Kalankesh Leila R.
- Kalhor Rohollah
- Kaliyadan Feroze
- Kalkonde Yogeshwar
- Kamath Ashwin
- Kameran Al-Salihi Nawzad
- Kandel Himal
- Kapoor Neeti
- Karch André
- Kasa Ayele Semachew
- Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal
- Kauppila Joonas H.
- Kavetskyy Taras
- Kebede Sewnet Adem
- Keshavarz Pedram
- Keykhaei Mohammad
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalilov Rovshan
- Khan Gulfaraz
- Khan Maseer
- Khan Md Nuruzzaman
- Khan Moien A. B.
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khater Amir M.
- Khayamzadeh Maryam
- Kim Gyu Ri
- Kim Yun Jin
- Kisa Adnan
- Kisa Sezer
- Kissimova-Skarbek Katarzyna
- Kocarnik Jonathan M.
- Kopec Jacek A.
- Koteeswaran Rajasekaran
- Koul Parvaiz A.
- Koulmane Laxminarayana Sindhura Lakshmi
- Koyanagi Ai
- Kucuk Bicer Burcu
- Kugbey Nuworza
- Kumar G. Anil
- Kumar Narinder
- Kumar Nithin
- Kurmi Om P.
- Kutluk Tezer
- La Vecchia Carlo
- Lami Faris Hasan
- Landires Iván
- Lauriola Paolo
- Lee Sang-woong
- Lee Shaun Wen Huey
- Lee Wei-Chen
- Lee Yo Han
- Leigh James
- Leong Elvynna
- Li Jiarui
- Li Ming-Chieh
- Liu Xuefeng
- Loureiro Joana A.
- Lu Dan
- Lunevicius Raimundas
- Magdy Abd El Razek Muhammed
- Majeed Azeem
- Makki Alaa
- Male Shilpa
- Malik Ahmad Azam
- Mansournia Mohammad Ali
- Martini Santi
- Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra
- Mathur Prashant
- McKee Martin
- Mehrotra Ravi
- Mendoza Walter
- Menezes Ritesh G.
- Mengesha Endalkachew Worku
- Mesregah Mohamed Kamal
- Mestrovic Tomislav
- Miao Jonasson Junmei
- Miazgowski Bartosz
- Miazgowski Tomasz
- Michalek Irmina Maria
- Miller Ted R.
- Mirzaei Hamed
- Mirzaei Hamid Reza
- Misra Sanjeev
- Mithra Prasanna
- Moghadaszadeh Masoud
- Mohammad Karzan Abdulmuhsin
- Mohammad Yousef
- Mohammadi Mokhtar
- Mohammadi Seyyede Momeneh
- Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah
- Mohammed Shafiu
- Moka Nagabhishek
- Mokdad Ali H.
- Molokhia Mariam
- Monasta Lorenzo
- Moni Mohammad Ali
- Moosavi Mohammad Amin
- Moradi Yousef
- Moraga Paula
- Morgado-da-Costa Joana
- Morrison Shane Douglas
- Mosapour Abbas
- Mubarik Sumaira
- Murray Christopher J. L.
- Mwanri Lillian
- Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman
- Nagaraju Shankar Prasad
- Nagata Chie
- Naimzada Mukhammad David
- Nangia Vinay
- Naqvi Atta Abbas
- Narasimha Swamy Sreenivas
- Ndejjo Rawlance
- Nduaguba Sabina O.
- Negoi Ionut
- Negru Serban Mircea
- Neupane Kandel Sandhya
- Nguyen Cuong Tat
- Nguyen Huong Lan Thi
- Niazi Robina Khan
- Nnaji Chukwudi A.
- Noor Nurulamin M.
- Nuñez-Samudio Virginia
- Nzoputam Chimezie Igwegbe
- Oancea Bogdan
- Ochir Chimedsuren
- Odukoya Oluwakemi Ololade
- Ogbo Felix Akpojene
- Olagunju Andrew T.
- Olakunde Babayemi Oluwaseun
- Omar Bali Ahmed
- Omar Emad
- Omonisi Abidemi E. Emmanuel
- Ong Sokking
- Onwujekwe Obinna E.
- Orru Hans
- Ortega-Altamirano Doris V.
- Otstavnov Nikita
- Otstavnov Stanislav S.
- Owolabi Mayowa O.
- P A Mahesh
- Padubidri Jagadish Rao
- Pakshir Keyvan
- Pana Adrian
- Panagiotakos Demosthenes
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Pardhan Shahina
- Park Eun-Cheol
- Park Eun-Kee
- Pashazadeh Kan Fatemeh
- Patel Harsh K.
- Patel Jenil R.
- Pati Siddhartha
- Pattanshetty Sanjay M.
- Paudel Uttam
- Pennini Alyssa
- Pereira David M.
- Pereira Renato B.
- Perianayagam Arokiasamy
- Pillay Julian David
- Pirouzpanah Saeed
- Pishgar Farhad
- Podder Indrashis
- Postma Maarten J.
- Pourjafar Hadi
- Prashant Akila
- Preotescu Liliana
- Rabiee Mohammad
- Rabiee Navid
- Radfar Amir
- Radhakrishnan Raghu Anekal
- Radhakrishnan Venkatraman
- Rafiee Ata
- Rahim Fakher
- Rahimzadeh Shadi
- Rahman Mosiur
- Rahman Muhammad Aziz
- Rahmani Amir Masoud
- Rajai Nazanin
- Rajesh Aashish
- Rakovac Ivo
- Ram Pradhum
- Ramezanzadeh Kiana
- Ranabhat Kamal
- Ranasinghe Priyanga
- Rao Chythra R.
- Rao Sowmya J.
- Rawassizadeh Reza
- Razeghinia Mohammad Sadegh
- Renzaho Andre M. N.
- Rezaei Negar
- Rezaei Nima
- Rezapour Aziz
- Roberts Thomas J.
- Rodriguez Jefferson Antonio Buendia
- Rohloff Peter
- Romoli Michele
- Ronfani Luca
- Roshandel Gholamreza
- Rwegerera Godfrey M.
- S Manjula
- Sabour Siamak
- Saddik Basema
- Saeed Umar
- Sahebkar Amirhossein
- Sahoo Harihar
- Salehi Sana
- Salem Marwa Rashad
- Salimzadeh Hamideh
- Samaei Mehrnoosh
- Samy Abdallah M.
- Sanabria Juan
- Sankararaman Senthilkumar
- Santric-Milicevic Milena M.
- Sardiwalla Yaeesh
- Sarveazad Arash
- Sathian Brijesh
- Sawhney Monika
- Saylan Mete
- Schneider Ione Jayce Ceola
- Sekerija Mario
- Seylani Allen
- Shafaat Omid
- Shaghaghi Zahra
- Shaikh Masood Ali
- Shamsoddin Erfan
- Shannawaz Mohammed
- Sharma Rajesh
- Sheikh Aziz
- Sheikhbahaei Sara
- Shetty Adithi
- Shetty Jeevan K.
- Shetty Pavanchand H.
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shirkoohi Reza
- Shivakumar K. M.
- Shivarov Velizar
- Siabani Soraya
- Siddappa Malleshappa Sudeep K.
- Silva Diego Augusto Santos
- Singh Jasvinder A.
- Sintayehu Yitagesu
- Skryabin Valentin Yurievich
- Skryabina Anna Aleksandrovna
- Soeberg Matthew J.
- Sofi-Mahmudi Ahmad
- Sotoudeh Houman
- Steiropoulos Paschalis
- Straif Kurt
- Subedi Ranjeeta
- Sufiyan Mu'awiyyah Babale
- Sultan Iyad
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- Szócska Miklós
- Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael
- Tabuchi Takahiro
- Tadbiri Hooman
- Taherkhani Amir
- Takahashi Ken
- Talaat Iman M.
- Tan Ker-Kan
- Tat Vivian Y.
- Tedla Bemnet Amare A.
- Tefera Yonas Getaye
- Tehrani-Banihashemi Arash
- Temsah Mohamad-Hani
- Tesfay Fisaha Haile
- Tessema Gizachew Assefa
- Thapar Rekha
- Thavamani Aravind
- Thoguluva Chandrasekar Viveksandeep
- Thomas Nihal
- Tohidinik Hamid Reza
- Touvier Mathilde
- Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto
- Traini Eugenio
- Tran Bach Xuan
- Tran Khanh Bao
- Tran Mai Thi Ngoc
- Tripathy Jaya Prasad
- Tusa Biruk Shalmeno
- Ullah Irfan
- Ullah Saif
- Umapathi Krishna Kishore
- Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran
- Upadhyay Era
- Vacante Marco
- Vaezi Maryam
- Valadan Tahbaz Sahel
- Velazquez Diana Zuleika
- Veroux Massimiliano
- Violante Francesco S.
- Vlassov Vasily
- Vo Bay
- Volovici Victor
- Vu Giang Thu
- Waheed Yasir
- Wamai Richard G.
- Ward Paul
- Wen Yi Feng
- Westerman Ronny
- Winkler Andrea Sylvia
- Xu Rixing
- Yadav Lalit
- Yahyazadeh Jabbari Seyed Hossein
- Yang Lin
- Yaya Sanni
- Yazie Taklo Simeneh Yazie
- Yeshaw Yigizie
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z.
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yuce Deniz
- Yunusa Ismaeel
- Zadnik Vesna
- Zare Fariba
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zastrozhina Anasthasia
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhong Chenwen
- Zhou Linghui
- Zhu Cong
- Ziapour Arash
- Zimmermann Ivan R.
- Publication venue
- 'American Medical Association (AMA)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles. The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.Funding/Support: The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation received funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities. Dr Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management of Kuwait University and the International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. Dr Bhaskar acknowledges institutional support from the NSW Ministry of Health and NSW Health Pathology. Dr Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Dr Braithwaite acknowledges funding from the National Institutes of Health/ National Cancer Institute. Dr Conde acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council ERC Starting Grant agreement No 848325. Dr Costa acknowledges her grant (SFRH/BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, IP under the Norma Transitória grant DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. Dr Ghith acknowledges support from a grant from Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF16OC0021856). Dr Glasbey is supported by a National Institute of Health Research Doctoral Research Fellowship. Dr Vivek Kumar Gupta acknowledges funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council Australia. Dr Haque thanks Jazan University, Saudi Arabia for providing access to the Saudi Digital Library for this research study. Drs Herteliu, Pana, and Ausloos are partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. Dr Hugo received support from the Higher Education Improvement Coordination of the Brazilian Ministry of Education for a sabbatical period at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, between September 2019 and August 2020. Dr Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam acknowledges funding by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Fellowship and National Health and Medical Research Council Emerging Leadership Fellowship. Dr Jakovljevic acknowledges support through grant OI 175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. Dr Katikireddi acknowledges funding from a NHS Research Scotland Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2), and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). Dr Md Nuruzzaman Khan acknowledges the support of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh. Dr Yun Jin Kim was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004). Dr Koulmane Laxminarayana acknowledges institutional support from Manipal Academy of Higher Education. Dr Landires is a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigación, which is supported by Panama’s Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. Dr Loureiro was supported by national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia under the Scientific Employment Stimulus–Institutional Call (CEECINST/00049/2018). Dr Molokhia is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Center at Guy’s and St Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London. Dr Moosavi appreciates NIGEB's support. Dr Pati acknowledges support from the SIAN Institute, Association for Biodiversity Conservation & Research. Dr Rakovac acknowledges a grant from the government of the Russian Federation in the context of World Health Organization Noncommunicable Diseases Office. Dr Samy was supported by a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. Dr Sheikh acknowledges support from Health Data Research UK. Drs Adithi Shetty and Unnikrishnan acknowledge support given by Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education. Dr Pavanchand H. Shetty acknowledges Manipal Academy of Higher Education for their research support. Dr Diego Augusto Santos Silva was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil Finance Code 001 and is supported in part by CNPq (302028/2018-8). Dr Zhu acknowledges the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas grant RP210042
Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
- Abate Yohannes Habtegiorgis
- Abbas Jaffar
- Abbasi Madineh Akram
- Abbasian Mohammadreza
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Rabu Rami
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahi Mozhan
- Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin
- Abdulah Deldar Morad
- Abdullahi Auwal
- Abedi Aidin
- Abedi Vida
- Abeldaño Zuñiga Roberto Ariel
- Abidi Hassan
- Abiodun Olumide
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Aboyans Victor
- Abrha Woldu Aberhe
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abualhasan Ahmed
- Aburuz Salahdein
- Adamu Lawan Hassan
- Addo Isaac Yeboah
- Adebayo Oladimeji M
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adekiya Tayo Alex
- Adikusuma Wirawan
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
- Adra Saryia
- Afework Tsion
- Afolabi Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika
- Afraz Ali
- Afzal Saira
- Aghamiri Shahin
- Agodi Antonella
- Agyemang-Duah Williams
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Aqeel
- Ahmad Danish
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmadzade Amir Mahmoud
- Ahmed Ali
- Ahmed Ayman
- Ahmed Haroon
- Ahmed Jivan Qasim
- Ahmed Luai A
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Ahmed Syed Anees
- Ajami Marjan
- Aji Budi
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- Akade Seyed Esma'il
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- Akbarialiabad Hossein
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- Akinyemi Rufus Olusola
- Akonde Maxwell
- Al Hasan Syed Mahfuz
- AL-Ahdal Tareq Mohammed Ali
- Al-amer Rasmieh Mustafa
- Al-Gheethi Adel Ali Saeed
- Al-Omari Basem
- Al-Shahi Salman Rustam
- Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A
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- Alahdab Fares
- Albashtawy Mohammed
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- Aldawsari Khalifah A
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- Tsegay Guesh Mebrahtom
- Tsermpini Evangelia Eirini
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- Tufa Derara Girma
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- Udoakang Aniefiok John
- Ulhaq Inam
- Umair Muhammad
- Umakanthan Srikanth
- Umapathi Krishna Kishore
- Unim Brigid
- Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran
- Vaithinathan Asokan Govindaraj
- Vakilian Alireza
- Valadan Tahbaz Sahel
- Valizadeh Rohollah
- Van den Eynde Jef
- Vart Priya
- Varthya Shoban Babu
- Vasankari Tommi Juhani
- Vaziri Siavash
- Vellingiri Balachandar
- Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy
- Verras Georgios-Ioannis
- Vervoort Dominique
- Villafañe Jorge Hugo
- Villani Leonardo
- Vinueza Veloz Andres Fernando
- Viskadourou Maria
- Vladimirov Sergey Konstantinovitch
- Vlassov Vasily
- Volovat Simona Ruxandra
- Vos Theo
- Vu Loc Tri
- Vujcic Isidora S
- Wagaye Birhanu
- Waheed Yasir
- Wahood Waseem
- Walde Mandaras Tariku
- Wang Fang
- Wang Shu
- Wang Yanzhong
- Wang Yuan-Pang
- Waqas Muhammad
- Waris Abdul
- Weerakoon Kosala Gayan
- Weintraub Robert G
- Weldemariam Abrha Hailay
- Westerman Ronny
- Whisnant Joanna L
- Wickramasinghe Dakshitha Praneeth
- Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana
- Willekens Barbara
- Wilner Lauren B
- Winkler Andrea Sylvia
- Wolfe Charles D A
- Wu Ai-Min
- Wulf Hanson Sarah
- Xu Suowen
- Xu Xiaoyue
- Yadollahpour Ali
- Yaghoubi Sajad
- Yahya Galal
- Yamagishi Kazumasa
- Yang Lin
- Yano Yuichiro
- Yao Yao
- Yehualashet Sisay Shewasinad
- Yeshaneh Alex
- Yesiltepe Metin
- Yi Siyan
- Yiğit Arzu
- Yiğit Vahit
- Yon Dong Keon
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- You Yuyi
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yusuf Hadiza
- Zadey Siddhesh
- Zahedi Mohammad
- Zakham Fathiah
- Zaki Nazar
- Zali Alireza
- Zamagni Giulia
- Zand Ramin
- Zandieh Ghazal G Z
- Zangiabadian Moein
- Zarghami Amin
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zeariya Mohammed G M
- Zegeye Zelalem Banjaw
- Zeukeng Francis
- Zhai Chunxia
- Zhang Chen
- Zhang Haijun
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Hanqing
- Zhao Yang
- Zheng Peng
- Zhou Hengxing
- Zhu Bin
- Zhumagaliuly Abzal
- Zielińska Magdalena
- Zikarg Yossef Teshome
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Ärnlöv Johan
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/04/2024
- Field of study
BackgroundDisorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021.MethodsWe estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined.FindingsGlobally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer.InterpretationAs the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed
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Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
- Aali Amirali
- Ababneh Hazim S
- Abate Yohannes Habtegiorgis
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbasgholizadeh Rouzbeh
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasian Mohammadreza
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd ElHafeez Samar
- Abd-Elsalam Sherief
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdelwahab Ahmed
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin
- Abdoun Meriem
- Abdulah Deldar Morad
- Abdullahi Auwal
- Abebe Mesfin
- Abebe Samrawit Shawel
- Abedi Aidin
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abhilash E S
- Abidi Hassan
- Abiodun Olumide
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abolmaali Meysam
- Abouzid Mohamed
- Aboye Girma Beressa
- Abreu Lucas Guimarães
- Abrha Woldu Aberhe
- Abtahi Dariush
- Abu Rumeileh Samir
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen ME
- Abu-Zaid Ahmed
- Abualruz Hasan
- Abubakar Bilyaminu
- Aburuz Salahdein
- Accrombessi Manfred Mario Kokou
- Adal Tadele Girum
- Adamu Abdu A
- Addo Isaac Yeboah
- Addolorato Giovanni
- Adebiyi Akindele Olupelumi
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adepoju Abiola Victor
- Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun
- Adetunji Juliana Bunmi
- Adeyeoluwa Temitayo Esther
- Adeyinka Daniel Adedayo
- Adeyomoye Olorunsola Israel
- Admass Biruk Adie Adie
- Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
- Adra Saryia
- Afolabi Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika
- Afzal Muhammad Sohail
- Afzal Saira
- Agampodi Suneth Buddhika
- Agasthi Pradyumna
- Aggarwal Manik
- Aghamiri Shahin
- Agide Feleke Doyore
- Agodi Antonella
- Agrawal Anurag
- Agyemang-Duah Williams
- Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
- Ahmad Aqeel
- Ahmad Danish
- Ahmad Firdos
- Ahmad Muayyad M
- Ahmad Sajjad
- Ahmad Shahzaib
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadzade Amir Mahmoud
- Ahmed Ali
- Ahmed Ayman
- Ahmed Haroon
- Ahmed Luai A
- Ahmed Mehrunnisha Sharif
- Ahmed Meqdad Saleh
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Ahmed Syed Anees
- Ajami Marjan
- Aji Budi
- Akara Essona Matatom
- Akbarialiabad Hossein
- Akinosoglou Karolina
- Akinyemiju Tomi
- Akkaif Mohammed Ahmed
- Akyirem Samuel
- Al Hamad Hanadi
- Al Hasan Syed Mahfuz
- Al-Aly Ziyad
- Al-amer Rasmieh Mustafa
- Al-Azzam Sayer
- Al-Gheethi Adel Ali Saeed
- Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled
- Al-Marwani Sabah
- Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali Ali
- Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M
- Al-Omari Basem
- Al-Sabah Salman Khalifah
- Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A
- Al-Worafi Yaser Mohammed
- Alahdab Fares
- Alalalmeh Samer O
- Alalwan Tariq A
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- Khan M Nuruzzaman
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- Khanmohammadi Shaghayegh
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- Xu Wang-Dong
- Xu Xiaoyue
- Xu Yvonne Yiru
- Yadollahpour Ali
- Yamagishi Kazumasa
- Yang Danting
- Yang Lin
- Yano Yuichiro
- Yao Yao
- Yaribeygi Habib
- Ye Pengpeng
- Yehualashet Sisay Shewasinad
- Yesiltepe Metin
- Yesuf Subah Abderehim
- Yezli Saber
- Yi Siyan
- Yigezu Amanuel
- Yip Paul
- Yismaw Malede Berihun
- Yismaw Yazachew
- Yiğit Arzu
- Yiğit Vahit
- Yon Dong Keon
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Yoon Seok-Jun
- You Yuyi
- Younis Mustafa Z
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yu Yong
- Yuh Faith H
- Zadey Siddhesh
- Zadnik Vesna
- Zafari Nima
- Zakham Fathiah
- Zaki Nazar
- Zaman Sojib Bin
- Zamora Nelson
- Zand Ramin
- Zangiabadian Moein
- Zar Heather J
- Zare Iman
- Zarrintan Armin
- Zeariya Mohammed G M
- Zeinali Zahra
- Zhang Haijun
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Jingya
- Zhang Liqun
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Hanqing
- Zhong Chenwen
- Zhou Juexiao
- Zhu Bin
- Zhu Lei
- Ziafati Makan
- Zielińska Magdalena
- Zitoun Osama A
- Zoladl Mohammad
- Zou Zhiyong
- Zuhlke Liesl J
- Zumla Alimuddin
- Zweck Elric
- Zyoud Samer H
- Ärnlöv Johan
- Šekerija Mario
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 03/04/2024
- Field of study
BACKGROUND Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable metrics to gauge progress in reducing mortality rates. These estimates are particularly important following large-scale mortality spikes, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When systematically analysed, mortality rates and life expectancy allow comparisons of the consequences of causes of death globally and over time, providing a nuanced understanding of the effect of these causes on global populations. METHODS The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 cause-of-death analysis estimated mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) from 288 causes of death by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2021. The analysis used 56 604 data sources, including data from vital registration and verbal autopsy as well as surveys, censuses, surveillance systems, and cancer registries, among others. As with previous GBD rounds, cause-specific death rates for most causes were estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model-a modelling tool developed for GBD to assess the out-of-sample predictive validity of different statistical models and covariate permutations and combine those results to produce cause-specific mortality estimates-with alternative strategies adapted to model causes with insufficient data, substantial changes in reporting over the study period, or unusual epidemiology. YLLs were computed as the product of the number of deaths for each cause-age-sex-location-year and the standard life expectancy at each age. As part of the modelling process, uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated using the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles from a 1000-draw distribution for each metric. We decomposed life expectancy by cause of death, location, and year to show cause-specific effects on life expectancy from 1990 to 2021. We also used the coefficient of variation and the fraction of population affected by 90% of deaths to highlight concentrations of mortality. Findings are reported in counts and age-standardised rates. Methodological improvements for cause-of-death estimates in GBD 2021 include the expansion of under-5-years age group to include four new age groups, enhanced methods to account for stochastic variation of sparse data, and the inclusion of COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality-which includes excess mortality associated with the pandemic, excluding COVID-19, lower respiratory infections, measles, malaria, and pertussis. For this analysis, 199 new country-years of vital registration cause-of-death data, 5 country-years of surveillance data, 21 country-years of verbal autopsy data, and 94 country-years of other data types were added to those used in previous GBD rounds. FINDINGS The leading causes of age-standardised deaths globally were the same in 2019 as they were in 1990; in descending order, these were, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lower respiratory infections. In 2021, however, COVID-19 replaced stroke as the second-leading age-standardised cause of death, with 94·0 deaths (95% UI 89·2-100·0) per 100 000 population. The COVID-19 pandemic shifted the rankings of the leading five causes, lowering stroke to the third-leading and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to the fourth-leading position. In 2021, the highest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 occurred in sub-Saharan Africa (271·0 deaths [250·1-290·7] per 100 000 population) and Latin America and the Caribbean (195·4 deaths [182·1-211·4] per 100 000 population). The lowest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 were in the high-income super-region (48·1 deaths [47·4-48·8] per 100 000 population) and southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania (23·2 deaths [16·3-37·2] per 100 000 population). Globally, life expectancy steadily improved between 1990 and 2019 for 18 of the 22 investigated causes. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the positive effect that reductions in deaths from enteric infections, lower respiratory infections, stroke, and neonatal deaths, among others have contributed to improved survival over the study period. However, a net reduction of 1·6 years occurred in global life expectancy between 2019 and 2021, primarily due to increased death rates from COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality. Life expectancy was highly variable between super-regions over the study period, with southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania gaining 8·3 years (6·7-9·9) overall, while having the smallest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 (0·4 years). The largest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 occurred in Latin America and the Caribbean (3·6 years). Additionally, 53 of the 288 causes of death were highly concentrated in locations with less than 50% of the global population as of 2021, and these causes of death became progressively more concentrated since 1990, when only 44 causes showed this pattern. The concentration phenomenon is discussed heuristically with respect to enteric and lower respiratory infections, malaria, HIV/AIDS, neonatal disorders, tuberculosis, and measles. INTERPRETATION Long-standing gains in life expectancy and reductions in many of the leading causes of death have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse effects of which were spread unevenly among populations. Despite the pandemic, there has been continued progress in combatting several notable causes of death, leading to improved global life expectancy over the study period. Each of the seven GBD super-regions showed an overall improvement from 1990 and 2021, obscuring the negative effect in the years of the pandemic. Additionally, our findings regarding regional variation in causes of death driving increases in life expectancy hold clear policy utility. Analyses of shifting mortality trends reveal that several causes, once widespread globally, are now increasingly concentrated geographically. These changes in mortality concentration, alongside further investigation of changing risks, interventions, and relevant policy, present an important opportunity to deepen our understanding of mortality-reduction strategies. Examining patterns in mortality concentration might reveal areas where successful public health interventions have been implemented. Translating these successes to locations where certain causes of death remain entrenched can inform policies that work to improve life expectancy for people everywhere. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
- Author
- Abad-Motos Ane
- Abbas Ahmed M.
- Abbas Mostafa
- Abbasi Mujeeb
- Abbott Tom
- Abd Karim Muhammad Fairuz Shah
- Abdalaal Ibrahim
- Abdel-Galil Khalid
- Abdelemam Rania
- Abdelgawad Abdalrahman
- Abdelkarim Maryam
- Abdelkhalek Mohamed
- Abdelmageed Abdelfatah
- Abdelmawgoud Sherif
- Abdelmohsen Sarah
- Abdelrahman Ahmed Saber
- Abdelrahman Mostafa
- Abdelwahab Khaled
- Abdou Hossam
- Abdulai Darling Ramatu
- Abdulkhaleq Marwa
- Abdullah Bahiyah
- Abdulsalam Khalifa
- Abdulsalam Shuaib
- Abdur-Rahman Lukman
- Abdus-Salam Rukiyat
- Abdussalam Hameedat Opeyemi
- Abebrese John Tabiri
- Abeldaño Ariel
- Abou-Khalil Jad
- Abou-Taleb Hisham
- Abozid Anwaar
- Abozied Hesham
- Abrate Alberto
- Abu-Zaid Ahmed
- Abubakar Mohammed Kabir
- Abud Burçin
- Abuzaid Mohammed
- Adam Albushra Altayeb
- Adamina Michel
- Adamou Harissou
- Adamu Auwal
- Adamu Kabir Musa
- Adanu Kekeli
- Adebara Idowu
- Adebola Oluwaseyi
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji
- Adeniran Abiodun
- Adepiti Akinfolarin
- Aderogba Adeleke Akeem
- Adesunkanmi Abdulhafiz
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adisa Adewale
- Adjeso Theophilus Justus Kofi
- Ads Adel Mohamed
- Ads Alaa Mohamed
- Adu-Aryee Nii Armah
- Adumah Collins
- Afzal Irrum
- Agapov Mikhail
- Agarwal Gaurav
- Agarwal Ravi
- Agbeko Anita Eseenam
- Agbeno Evans Kofi
- Agbonrofo Peter
- Agboola Oluseyi
- Aggarwal Gaurav
- Aghadi Ifeanyi
- Aghtarafi Natasha
- Agrawal Amit
- Agresta Ferdinando
- Aguado Héctor J.
- Aguilera-Arevalo Maria-Lorena
- Aherne Thomas
- Ahmad Aline
- Ahmad Maleeha
- Ahmad Misbahu
- Ahmad Sarwat
- Ahmad Shahzaib
- Ahmad Shoaib
- Ahmed Hayat Tarig Abdelhafiz
- Ahmed Khalid
- Ahmed Sharwany
- Ahmed Shima
- Ahmed Usama
- Aisuodionoe-Shadrach Oseremen
- Aitken Sarah
- Ajenifuja Kayode
- Ajiya Abdulrazak
- Akeel Nouf
- Akin Emrah
- Akinajo Opeyemi
- Akinyemi Tosin
- Akrida Ioanna
- Aktokmakyan Talar Vartanoglu
- Akwaisah Ayoub
- Al Bettar Osama
- Al-Badawi Ismail A.
- Al-Juaifari Maytham
- Al-Khyatt Waleed
- Al-Mallah Abdullah
- Al-Nusairi Ahmed
- Al-Saadi Nina
- Al-Sayaghi Khaled
- Al-Shaiji Tariq
- Al-Shehari Mohammed
- Al-Touny Aiman
- Al-Touny Shimaa A.
- Aladawi Omar
- Aladna Abdallah
- Alali Mahmoud
- Alam Mahmood
- Alam Mohammed Shadrul
- Alarabi Rehab
- Alawneh Yazan
- Alayande Barnabas
- Albanese Erminia
- Albayadi Eslam
- Albdour Maram
- Alconchel Felipe
- Alderazi Amer
- Alegbeleye Bamidele
- Alekberli Tural
- Alemu Misganaw Alemu Adimass
- Alexander Philip
- Alfieri Alex
- Algahtany Khaled
- Algarni Kamal
- Alhamad Ameen
- Alhamid Mohammad
- Alharmi Rawan A. Rahman
- Alharthi Mohammed
- Alhazmi Barrag
- Ali Mohamed Shafi Mahboob
- Ali Stephen
- Alibrahim Hidar
- Aljaaly Hattan
- Aljaiuossi Anas
- Aljanadi Firas
- Aljiffry Murad
- Aljirdabi Noof
- Alkahlan Mohammed
- Alkhalifa Elmustafa
- Alkhatib Sondos
- Alkhatieb Maram
- Allan Anna
- Almarshad Felwa
- Almgla Naser
- Almhimid Ali
- Almiqlash Bushray
- Almoshantaf Mohammad Badr
- Almutairi Abdulmjeed
- Alnsour Abed Alfattah Mahmoud
- Alobied Majd
- Alomar Osama
- Alonso Jesús Aarón Martínez
- Alonso Manuel Diez
- Alonso Nestor Fabian Pedraza
- Alonso Veronica
- Alqallaf Abdullah
- Alqaseer Asma
- Alrayes Bourhan
- Alsefri Maryam
- Alser Osaid
- Alsharif Mohammed
- Alsori Mohamed
- Altaf Abdulmalik
- Altinel Yuksel
- Altiner Saygin
- Altouny Ahmad
- Altun Demet
- Alvarez Natalia
- Alvarez-Lozada Luis Adrian
- Alvi Abdul
- Alwael Athari
- Alwash Mohammed
- Alyami Ziyad
- Alyousef Mohammed
- Alzahrani Saud
- Alzerwi Nasser
- Amin Shivang
- Amir Mohammed
- Ammar Ahmed Siddique
- Ammendola Michele
- Amores Remedios Revilla
- Amrayev Sultan
- Anastasiadou Sofia
- Ancans Guntis
- Anderson Caroline
- Andreani Lorenzo
- Andreotti Dario
- Andreuccetti Jacopo
- Andrianakis Alexandros
- Andro Christophe
- Anesi Alexandre
- Angamuthu Stephen
- Angeles Martina Aida
- Angelico Roberta
- Angelis Fragkiskos
- Angelou Dimitrios
- Angelou Kyveli
- Angulo Victor Pinto
- Anjum Arfa
- Anjum Muhammad Ayyub
- Annicchiarico Alfredo
- Anoldo Pietro
- Ansaloni Luca
- Anthoulakis Christos
- Antonelli Amedeo
- Anwar Mohamed
- Anwar Sumadi Lukman
- Anwer Mariyah
- Anyanwu Lofty-John
- Apostolou Christos
- Apostolou Konstantinos
- Appiah-Kubi Adu
- Aprea Giovanni
- Arbab Hana
- Archer James
- Ardura Francisco
- Aremu Muyiwa
- Arif Tahera
- Arkani Samara
- Armatura Giulia
- Armijos Daniel
- Arnaout Ali
- Arnaoutoglou Eleni
- Arnaud Alexis P.
- Arneja Jugpal
- Arrangoiz Rodrigo
- Arshad Muhammad
- Arthur Joshua
- Ashcroft James
- Ashford Bruce
- Ashraf Fariha
- Asiimwe Daniel
- Asirifi Samuel Amoako
- Asla Amir
- Aslam Ramisha
- Aspide Raffaele
- Ataya Karim
- Ateca Ibabe Villalabeitia
- Atici Semra Demirli
- Atis Gokhan
- Atkins William
- Atkinson Kate
- Attwood Joseph
- Auerkari Aino
- Augestad Knut Magne
- Augustin Goran
- Aujayeb Avinash
- Avella Pasquale
- Awad Ahmed K.
- Awad Hadeel
- Awad Rabih
- Awad Selmy
- Ayad Kusay
- Ayana Birhanu
- Aydin Yener
- Ayeni Funbi
- Aytac Erman
- Azab Ahmed
- Azami Rizwan
- Azize Diallo Abdoul
- Azzam Ahmed Y.
- Azzis Olivier
- Baba Yabasin Iddrisu
- Babis George
- Bacalbasa Nicolae
- Badiani Sarit
- Badran Saif
- Baduell Albert
- Baeesa Saleh
- Baertschiger Reto
- Bafaquh Mohammed
- Bahassan Omar Mohammed
- Bahrami-Hessari Michael
- Baia Marco
- Baidoo Ebikela Ivie
- Bailey Karen
- Baili Efstratia
- Bains Lovenish
- Baiocchi Gian Luca
- Baiocchi Glauco
- Baiyewu Lateef Ayodele
- Bajaj Ankur
- Bajunaid Khalid
- Balagobi Balasingam
- Balasubramanian Ishwarya
- Balduzzi Alberto
- Baldwin Alexander
- Balla Andrea
- Balogh Zsolt J.
- Balogun James A.
- Balogun Simon
- Baloyiannis Ioannis
- Ban Vin Shen
- Bandyopadhyay Samik Kumar
- Bandyopadhyay Soham
- Banerjee Sumit
- Banipal Gurpreet Singh
- Banky Balazs
- Bannone Elisa
- Bansal Sujesh
- Barberis Andrea
- Barbosa-Breda Joao
- Bareka Metaxia
- Barišić Tatjana
- Barlas Aziz Mutlu
- Barlow Ciaran
- Barmayehvar Behrad
- Baroffio Paolo
- Barone Mirko
- Barra Fabio
- Barranquero Alberto G.
- Barugola Giuliano
- Basendowah Mohammed
- Bashir Mahmod
- Basnayake Oshan
- Bass Gary Alan
- Basu Somprakas
- Bateman Antony
- Bateman Kellie
- Batista Sylvia
- Batstone Martin
- Bauer Marlies
- Bauset Juan Carlos Catalá
- Bawa Ashvind
- Bawa Sayesha
- Bayhan Hüseyin
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- Bazzi Nagham
- Beamish Andrew
- Beasley Nigel
- Beatty Jasmine Winter
- Becerra Angel
- Bedada Alemayehu Ginbo
- Bedzhanyan Arkady
- Begum Farzana
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- Bello Usman Mohammed
- Bellés Ana Ciscar
- Belzile Etienne
- Benamar Safia
- Bence Matthew
- Benshetrit Guy
- Bensoltane Khadidja
- Bergkvist David Julià
- Beristain-Hernandez Jose-Luis
- Bernante Paolo
- Bernardi Daniele
- Beron Reinaldo Isaacs
- Berselli Bruno
- Berselli Mattia
- Bertelli Giacomo
- Bertoglio Pietro
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- Beswick Daniel
- Bette Birgit
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- Bharathan Rasiah
- Bhat Vivek
- Bhatti Khalid
- Bianchi Valentina
- Bianco Francesco
- Bianco Giuseppe
- Bijou Walid
- Bilfaqirah Majed
- Biloslavo Alan
- Bin Alhassan Baba Alhaji
- Binnawara Muhannud
- Bissacco Daniele
- BİŞGİN TAYFUN
- Blair James
- Blanco Jose
- Blencowe Natalie
- Bloemers Frank
- Board Timothy
- Bobak Peter
- Boccalatte Luis
- Boedo Maria Jesus Maroño
- Bohmer Rob
- Boira Mar Achalandabaso
- Boisson Matthieu
- Boligo Sofia
- Bolton William
- Bombardini Cristina
- Bonavina Luigi
- Bonci Eduard-Alexandru
- Bondurri Andrea
- Bonilla Antonio Ramos
- Bonsaana Gilbert Batieka
- Booth L.
- Borg Elaine
- Borges Miguel Fróis
- Borges Nuno
- Bork Ulrich
- Borselle Dominika
- Bortul Marina
- Botelho Pedro
- Bottari Andrea
- Bouchagier Konstantinos
- Bouliaris Konstantinos
- Bowan Antoinette Bediako
- Bowen Joel
- Bozbiyik Osman
- Bracale Umberto
- Brachini Gioia
- Bramis Konstantinos
- Branagan Graham
- Branzan Daniela
- Brasset Camille
- Bratus Dejan
- Bravo Ana Maria Minaya
- Bravo Sybil Lizanne
- Bright Tim
- Brisinda Giuseppe
- Brodkin Edgar
- Broglia Alessandro
- Brolese Alberto
- Browning Rebecca
- Bruzzaniti Placido
- Brzeszczyński Filip
- Bsisu Isam
- Bua Emmanuel
- Budd Gabrielle
- Bukhari Syed Imran
- Bulian Dirk Rolf
- Bumbasirevic Uros
- Bumber Boris
- Burgos-Blasco Barbara
- Burlov Nikita
- Bussu Francesco
- Bàmbina Fabrizio
- Börner Nikolaus
- Böttcher Arne
- Cabeza Leticia
- Cabrera Marino
- Cais Simon
- Cakmak Guldeniz Karadeniz
- Calabretto Francesca
- Calabrò Marcello
- Calavia Pablo
- Calculli Federica
- Calini Giacomo
- Callan Rory
- Callcut Rachael
- Calu Valentin
- Calvache Jose Andres
- Calvache Nieto
- Calvo Francisco Javier Redondo
- Cama Jitoko
- Camacho Barbosa
- Camarena Ana Isabel Avellaneda
- Camargo-Parra Katherin
- Cammarata Emanuele
- Cammarata Francesco
- Cammarata Roberto
- Campagnaro Tommaso
- Campanelli Michela
- Campennì Paola
- Campisi Giuseppina
- Campo Flaminia
- Campuzano Nicolas
- Cano-Trigueros Emiliano
- Capella Stefano
- Capitan-Morales Luis-Cristobal
- Capobianco Mattia
- Capolupo Gabriella Teresa
- Capozzi Enrico
- Cappuccio Micaela
- Capuano Marianna
- Carannante Filippo
- Carbone Fabio
- Carbone Ludovico
- Caretto Marta
- Caricato Chiara
- Caricato Marco
- Carpenter Holly
- Carreras-Castañer Anna
- Carretero Manuel Moriche
- Caruana Edward J.
- Carvello Michele
- Casagranda Biagio
- Cassese Gianluca
- Cassinotti Elisa
- Castagnini Francesco
- Castaldi Antonio
- Castaño Mario
- Castaño-Leon Ana M.
- Castillo Dayan Fanery Campino
- Castillo Monica Noguez
- Castro Ernes John
- Catarzi Lisa
- Caubet Maria Mercedes
- Caziuc Alexandra
- Ceelen Wim
- Celik Burak
- Cerovac Anis
- Cerovac Elmedina
- Chamakhi Amine
- Champagne Pierre-Olivier
- Chan Albert
- Chan Linda
- Chan Matthew
- Chaplin Helen
- Charalabopoulos Alexandros
- Chatzikomnitsa Paraskevi
- Chaudhary Muhammad Amjad
- Chaudhary Muhammad Hamid
- Chauhan Govind Singh
- Chauhan Munish
- Chean Chung Shen
- Cheetham Mark
- Cherbanyk Floryn
- Cheung Lok Ka
- Chevallay Mickael
- Chiaradia Angela
- Chin Synn Lynn
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- Chirca Alexandru
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- Christodoulou Prokopis
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- Chu Michael Jen Jie
- Chukwu Isaac
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- Cipolla Calogero
- Cisneros Juan Roberto Torres
- Ciubotaru Cezar
- Claireaux Henry
- Clancy Cillian
- Claret Guillem
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- Clementi Marco
- Clerc Daniel
- Clune Edward
- Coates Amy
- Cobianchi Lorenzo
- Coccolini Federico
- Cockbain Andrew J.
- Cohnert Tina
- Coimbra Fernandez
- Cokan Andrej
- Colak Elif
- Colasanti Roberto
- Cole Simon
- Collins Michelle L.
- Colombari Renan Carlo
- Colombo Francesco
- Colucci Nicola
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- Conso Christel
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- Conti Alfredo
- Conti Luigi
- Contreras Sergio Marcos
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- Coppola Federico
- Corallino Diletta
- Cordova Adriana
- Cormio Gennaro
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- Costantino Andrea
- Costas-Chavarri Ainhoa
- Costea Radu
- Cotovio Manuel Damasio
- Coughlin Patrick
- Cox Daniel
- Cozens Joanne
- Creavin Ben
- Crichton Robert
- Critchley Rebecca
- Croghan Stefanie M.
- Cross George W. V.
- Cruz Ricardo Pedrini
- Cucinella Giuseppe
- Cullinane Carolyn
- Cullis Paul
- Cunha Miguel F.
- Cunningham Brian
- Currò Giuseppe
- Cuthbert Rory
- Cutmore Carina
- Czako Ladislav
- Cáceres Freud
- D'Acapito Fabrizio
- D'Addino José Luis
- D'Amico Alessia
- D'Amore Anna
- D'Andrea Giancarlo
- D'Archi Sabatino
- D'Oria Mario
- D'Sa Prashanth
- Daddi Niccolo'
- Dagklis Themistoklis
- Dajani Khaled
- Dajti Irida
- Daketsey Elorm
- Daley Brian
- Dare Anna
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- Das Sunit
- Dasa Michael
- Dasanayake Lanka
- Davidescu Mihnea
- Davies Jessica
- Davies Mark
- Davies Richard Justin
- Davis Amelia
- Dawson Amanda Caroline
- Dawson Jonathon
- Dbouk Samer
- De Alarcón Jaime Rodríguez
- De Andrés-Asenjo Beatriz
- De Bacco Marangon Gustavo
- De Campos Prado Caio Antonio
- De Cillia Michael
- De Haro Jorge Irene
- De Haro Joaquin
- De Jesus Labrador Hernandez Gregorio
- De La Infiesta García Carlos
- De La Medina Antonio Ramos
- De La Rosa-Estadella Marta
- De Nardi Paola
- De Oliveira Gabriel Paiva
- De Pastena Matteo
- De Simone Veronica
- De Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes
- De Vega Sánchez Blanca
- De Virgilio Armando
- De Zuanni Marco
- Dean Yomna
- Degarege Dawit
- Degener Stephan
- Dejeu George
- Del Amo María Dolores Arribas
- Dell Angela
- Demetrashvili Zaza
- Demetriades Andreas K
- Demetriou Charis
- Demir Sebahattin
- Dennis Rory
- Deputy Mohammed
- Derilo Habtamu
- Des Déserts Marc Danguy
- Desai Chaitya
- Desio Matteo
- Dessalegn Megbar
- Devarakonda Sreekar
- Dewan Michael
- Dewan Varun
- Dhaity Guipson Dhaity
- Dhondt Bert
- Di Bartolomeo Mattia
- Di Franco Gregorio
- Di Lascio Pierpaolo
- Di Martino Marcello
- Di Nuzzo Maria Michela
- Diaconescu Bogdan
- Dickson Kathryn
- Diehl Thomas
- Dif Elmes Saoussene
- Dimas Angelos
- Dimitrokallis Nikolaos
- Dincer Müserref Beril
- Dindyal Shiva
- Djama Zakarya
- Djedovic Gabriel
- Doerner Johannes
- Doherty Daniel
- Dolci Giampiero
- Domanin Maurizio
- Domingo Marta María Arroyo
- Dominguez-Rosado Ismael
- Don Cristine Pathirannehalage
- Donkin Ian
- Donmez Emin Erhan
- Donoghue Sophie
- Donovan Richard
- Dornseifer Mamun David
- Dorovinis Panagiotis
- Douglas Deborah
- Downey Candice
- Doyle Alex
- Doǧan Lütfi
- Dragisic Vedran
- Draman Mohd Rusdi
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- Dreger Nici Markus
- Drozdov Evgeniy
- Duarte Carolina Lugo
- Dube Surya Kumar
- Dudi-Venkata Nagendra
- Duffy Caoimhe
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- Durrani Abdullah
- Dyas Adam
- Dzhumabaev Khasan
- Dziakova Jana
- Dzogbefia Mawutor
- Díaz Jeancarlos Trujillo
- Dölker Theresa
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- Kauppila Joonas H
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- Kausar Nabila
- Kavalakat Alfie
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- Kealey Joshua
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- Maguire Patrick J.
- Mahečić Tina Tomić
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- Mallmann Christoph
- Mallmann Michael R.
- Mambrilla Sara
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- Manjula S.
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- Martins Ana
- Martins Claudia Pinto
- Martins Paulo N.
- Martínez Daniel Fernández
- Martínez Eunate Ganuza
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- Meara John G.
- Meead Adullah
- Mehraj Asif
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- Mengesha Mengistu G.
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- Novysedlák René
- Ntalouka Maria P.
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- Patel Tapan
- Patkar Shraddha
- Patrone Renato
- Pattacini Gianmaria Casoni
- Payne Rachel
- Pazmiño Patricio Andrés Freile
- Peckham-Cooper Adam
- Pecoraro Felice
- Pedini Domiziana
- Pejkova Sofija
- Pekcici Mevlut Recep
- Pellacani Arrigo
- Pellini Raul
- Pellino Gianluca
- Peltrini Roberto
- Peral Ana
- Perez-Chrzanowska Hanna
- Perfecto Arkaitz
- Peristeri Dimitra
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- Perra Teresa
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- Persad Amit
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- Pessaux Patrick
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- Petersen Maria Laura
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- Petruzzi Gerardo
- Pettigrove K.L.
- Phillips Jonathan
- Picardi Biagio
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- Picciariello Arcangelo
- Picciochi Maria
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- Pinkney Thomas
- Pinney L.
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- Piozzi Guglielmo Niccolò
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- Shalaby Mostafa
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- Shiban Ehab
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- Shokor Muntaser Abu
- Sholadoye Tunde T.
- Shoukrie Shoukrie I. M.
- Shrestha Rashmit
- Siboe Mark
- Sica Giuseppe
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- Skipworth Richard Je
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- Sleem Adham
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- Smith A.
- Smolle-Juettner Freyja-Maria
- Sodhai Vivek
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- Sole-Sedeno Josep M.
- Soljic Martina
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- Spina Alfio
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- Stamatakis Emmanouil
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- Stijns Jasper
- Stogowski Piotr Tomasz
- Stoleriu Mircea Gabriel
- Stoyanov Vladislav
- Street John
- Strotmann Johanna Josefine
- Stroumpoulis Konstantinos
- Su Yu-Xiong
- Suarez Sara Busto
- Subramani Yamini
- Subramaniam Sentilnathan
- Sue-Chue-Lam Colin
- Suer Muhammed Salih
- Sulaiman Bilal
- Sultania Mahesh
- Sundarraju Shalini
- Sungurtekin Hulya
- Suresh Sreelakshmi
- Surya Ilham Utama
- Swed Sarya
- Syllaios Athanasios
- Symeonidis Dimitrios
- Szabómihályová Katarína
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- Techapongsatorn Suphakarn
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- Tejero-Pintor Francisco J.
- Tellez Karla Susana Martin
- Tellez Luis Garcia-Sancho
- Thaha Mohamed Adhnan
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- Theivendran Kanthan
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- Thuduvage Vasanthika
- Thumbadoo Ruben
- Tian Sarah
- Tidjane Anisse
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- Tomasicchio Giovanni
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- Tucker Olga
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- Unsworth Richard
- Uprak Tevfik Kivilcim
- Urriza Pablo Vallés
- Usman Muhammad
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- Vaassen Lauretta
- Vaccara Vincenzo La
- Vagena Xanthoula
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- Vailas Michail
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- Valeanu Liana
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- Valladares Sergio Chávez
- Vallve-Bernal Marc
- Van Acker Jill
- Van Den Eynde Jef
- Van Goor Harry
- Van Vliet Helen
- Van Wyk Naomi Natasha
- Vanni Camilla
- Vas Aurelia
- Vasarhelyi Edward
- Vaschetti Roberto
- Vassiliu Panteleimon
- Vatansever Dogan
- Vatish Jamie
- Vaughan-Shaw Peter G.
- Vaysburg Dennis
- Veglia Antonella
- Velten Markus
- Velázquez Maria Jose Martinez
- Venkatappa Sunil Kumar
- Venketeswaran Meenakshi
- Venskutonis Donatas
- Verbic Milena Senica
- Verdi Daunia
- Vergara-Fernandez Omar
- Verhoeff Kevin
- Veroux Massimiliano
- Verras Georgios-Ioannis
- Verre Luigi
- Vida Lucian
- Vidya Raghavan
- Viglietta Edoardo
- Vijay Vardhini
- Vijgen Guy
- Vilaró Blanca Capdevila
- Villanueva Julio
- Vilz Tim O.
- Vincent Elizabeth
- Vinci Danilo
- Viola Simona
- Violante Tommaso
- Vishnoi Jeewan Ram
- Vissapragada Ravi
- Vivancos Laura Guillamon
- Vives Josep Maria Muñoz
- Vizzielli Giuseppe
- Vohra Lubna
- Vokshi Ismail
- Vosinakis Christos
- Vásquez Javier Alberto Gutiérrez
- Vázquez Gil
- Vázquez Irene Ortega
- Vǎcǎraşu Andrei Bogdan
- Wade Ryckie
- Wafi Omar
- Wagner Gabriela
- Wallis Christopher
- Wanjara Samuel
- Waqar Shahzad Hussain
- Warden Claire
- Warner Christian
- Wasim D.
- Wason Shaun
- Wasserman Isaac
- Watcyn-Jones Tom
- Waterson Ben
- Watson David
- Watson Matthew
- Weber Clemens
- Wheatstone P.
- Wheeler James
- Wheldon Luke
- White Michelle
- White Stuart
- White William
- Wickramasinghe Dakshitha
- Widmer Lukas Werner
- Wiedemann Dominik
- Wiesinger Clemens Georg
- Wijekoon Naveen
- Wijenayake Wasantha
- Wijeyaratne Manuk
- Wijeysundera Duminda
- Wiles Matthew
- Wilkin Richard
- Wilkins Alex
- Wilkins James
- William Tinka George
- Williams Omolara Modupe
- Williams Shekinah
- Windsor John
- Winnand Philipp
- Wittmann Maria
- Wolde Amanuel
- Wolfenden John W. D.
- Wong Benjamin Ngie Xiong
- Wong Enoch
- Wong Evan G.
- Wong George Kwok Chu
- Wong Ho Ying Flora
- Wong Kai Yuen
- Wormald Justin
- Wright Deborah
- Wright Joshua
- Wu Fiona
- Wurm Markus
- Xenaki Sofia
- Yadev Ip
- Yahaya Ahmad Shuib
- Yakubu Mustapha
- Yang Wah
- Yanik Özge
- Yanowsky-Reyes Guillermo
- Yassin Abubaker
- Yates Elizabeth
- Yebes Alvaro
- Yenli Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-Ang
- Yeoh Tien
- Yeung Justin
- Yiallourou Anneza
- Yigit Banu
- Yildirim Asif
- Yim Guang
- Yiu Andrew
- Yonekura Hiroshi
- Yotsov Tsanko
- Younis Muhammad Umar
- Yunus Alif
- Yusefi Hossein
- Zabaleta Jon
- Zabkiewicz Catheriner
- Zaccaria Giulia
- Zacharia Bincy
- Zafar Syed Nabeel
- Zago Mauro
- Zaheen Zakia
- Zahid Zahra
- Zaimis Tilemachos
- Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen
- Zambon Martina
- Zamora Lindsey
- Zampogna Biagio
- Zancana Giuseppa
- Zani Augusto
- Zanin Luca
- Zanini Nicola
- Zapardiel Ignacio
- Zapata Carlos Shiraishi
- Zarif Pierre
- Zaránd Attila
- Zehnder Philipp
- Zenger Serkan
- Zenha Horácio
- Zhu Michael Z. L.
- Ziemann Sebastian
- Zimak Danijela Mrazovac
- Zimak Zoran
- Zivkovic Dragana
- Zizzo Maurizio
- Zucker Benjamin
- Zwain Yasir
- Zyskowski Michael
- Ávila Clara Castro
- Älgå Andreas
- Çakici Mehmet Çaǧlar
- Çelik Enes
- Çelik Meryem Nur
- Özçay Necdet
- Şevik Hüsnü
- Šantak Goran
- Šimko Kristián
- Žatecký Jan
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2023
- Field of study
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries
Evaluation of Fucosylated Haptoglobin as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egypt
- Author
- Abdelfattah A.A.M.
- Amal Abd EI Hameed
- Bosch F.X.
- Elwan N.
- Fujiyama S.
- Galal El-Din Alkassas
- Jia Z.
- Nahla M. Shalably
- Negm O.
- Nehad Hawash
- Parkin D.M.
- Pinho S.S.
- Rehab Badawi
- Shang S.
- Shang S.
- Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Sherman M.
- Sherman M.
- Sterling R.K.
- Taketa K.
- Walaa Elkhalawany
- Wang N-Y.
- Wu W.
- Yamashita T.
- Zeeneldin A.A.
- Zhang S
- Zhang S.Y.
- Zhou L.
- Zhu W.W.
- Ziada D.H.
- Publication venue
- 'Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis
- Author
- A A Essam
- Abd El-Rahman Hegazy Khedr
- Abd Elkhalek Sallam
- Abd Elrahman Elshafay
- Abdalla Gamal Saad
- Abdalla Gharib
- Abdalla Kenibar
- Abdallah Salah Elsherbiny
- Abdalrahman Adel
- Abdelaziz Abdelaal
- Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz Elhendawy
- Abdelfatah Hussein
- Abdelkader Belkouchi
- Abdelmalek Hrora
- Abdelrahman Adelshone
- Abdelrahman Alkammash
- Abdelrahman Assal
- Abdelrahman Geuoshy
- Abdelrahman Haroun
- Abdelrahman Mohammed
- Abdelrahman Sayed
- Abdelrahman Soliman
- Abdelrhman Essam Elnemr
- Abdelrhman Kz Darwish
- Abdelrhman Osama Elsebaaye
- Abdul Khalique
- Abdul Rehman Alvi
- Abdul Wahid Anwar
- Abdulaziz Altwijri
- Abdullah Al-Mallah
- Abdullah Almoflihi
- Abdullah Altamimi
- Abdullah Daqeeq
- Abdullah Dwydar
- Abdullah Gouda
- Abdullah Hashim
- Abdulmalik Altaf
- Abdulmalik Huwait
- Abdulrahman Abdel-Aty
- Abdulrahman M Altwigry
- Abdulrahman Sheshe
- Abdulrasheed A Nasir
- AbdulRazzaq Oluwagbemiga Lawal
- Abdulshafi Khaled Abdrabou
- Abdurrahaman Sheshe
- Abdussemiu Abdurrazzaaq
- Abebe Bekele Zerihun
- Abeer Al-Shammari
- Abeer El Gendy
- Abeer Esam
- Abeer Marey
- Abhishek Mittal
- Abiboye Yifieyeh
- Abid Bin Mahamood
- Abidemi Adesuyi
- Abouelatta Khairy Aly
- Abrar Nawawi
- Adam Gyedu
- Ade Waterman
- Adedapo Osinowo
- Adedeji Fatuga
- Adel Albiety
- Adel B Hassanein
- Adel Denewar
- Adeleke Adekoya
- Ademola Adebanjo
- Ademola Adeyeye
- Ademola Popoola
- Adesina Adedeji
- Adesoji O Ademuyiwa
- Adesoji Tade
- Adewale Adeniyi
- Adewale O Adisa
- Adham Tarek
- Adomas Ladukas
- Adrian F Palma
- Afifatun Hasanah
- Afizah Salleh
- Afnan Abdelfatah
- Afnan Altamimi
- Afnan Altamini
- Agazi Fitsum
- Agboola Taiwo
- Ahamed Hassan
- Ahed Ghaben
- Ahmad Abdel Fattah
- Ahmad Abdel Razaq Al Rafati
- Ahmad Aboelkassem Ibrahem
- Ahmad Aldalaq
- Ahmad Ali
- Ahmad Almallah
- Ahmad Alrifaie
- Ahmad Ashour
- Ahmad Bakr
- Ahmad Bani-Sadar
- Ahmad Bin Adnan
- Ahmad Elbatahgy
- Ahmad Faraz
- Ahmad Gudal
- Ahmad Hasan
- Ahmad Khaled Sabe
- Ahmad Khoja
- Ahmad Nashaat
- Ahmad Qaissieh
- Ahmad Sabe
- Ahmad Saber Sleem
- Ahmad Sakr
- Ahmad Shalabi
- Ahmad Uzair Qureshi
- Ahmed Aamer
- Ahmed Abd El Galeel
- Ahmed Abd Elmoen Elhusseiny
- Ahmed Abd Elsameea
- Ahmed Abdelkareem
- Ahmed Abdelmotaleb Ghazy
- Ahmed Abo El Magd
- Ahmed Abo Elazayem
- Ahmed Adamu
- Ahmed Adel
- Ahmed Afandy
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- Saged Elsherbiney
- Sahar Abdoun Ishag Idris
- Sahar Jaber
- Sahlu Wondimu
- Saiba Abdul-Latif
- Said Alyacoubi
- Sakhaa Hanoun
- Saleem El-Rabaa
- Saleh A Alnuqaydan
- Saleh Alqahtani
- Salim Anderson Khouri Ferreira
- Sally Elshanwany
- Sally Hallam
- Salma Magdy
- Salma Mansour
- Salma Said Elkolaly
- Salman Aldhafeeri
- Salomone Di Saverio
- Salwa Khallaf
- Sam Arman
- Sam Debrah
- Sam Seisay
- Samaa Mahmoud Al Attar
- Samah Afana
- Samantha Corro-Diaz Gonzalez
- Samar Abdelhady
- Samar Adel Ismail
- Samar Saad
- Samar Soliman
- Sameer Kushwaha
- Sameh Emile
- Sameh Sarsik
- Sami Martin Sundstrom
- Samson Olori
- Samuel Essoun
- Samuel Nigo
- Samuel Osei-Nketiah
- Samuel S Y Sii
- Samuel Sani Ali
- Sandip Kumar
- Sandra Ahlqvist
- Sandrine Kwizera
- Sandro Pasquali
- Sani Ali Samuel
- Sanju Sobnach
- Santiago Villalobos
- Sara Abd Elmageed Barakat
- Sara Ahmed
- Sara Al-Saqqa
- Sara Amr Mohamed Farouk
- Sara Arafa
- Sara Ayad
- Sara Elhamouly
- Sara Etienne
- Sara Ghanem
- Sara Kharsa
- Sara Mahmoud Abdel-Kader
- Sara Mamdouh Matter
- Sara María Contreras Mérida
- Sara Mehrez
- Sara Mohammed
- Sara W Al-Saqqa
- Sarah Abdelghany
- Sarah Antar
- Sarah Benammi
- Sarah Braungart
- Sarah Hafez
- Sarah Rayne
- Sarah Sahel
- Sarah Samy
- Saraibrahim Ahmed
- Saskia Highcock
- Saud Aljohani
- Saulius Bradulskis
- Saulius Mikalauskas
- Savino Occhionorelli
- Savni Satoskar
- Sawsan Adel Awad
- Sayed Sarwary
- Sayeda Nazmum Nahar
- Sayeeda Aktar Tori
- Sayinthen Vivekanantham
- Scott K D'amours
- Sean Mizzi
- Sebastian Bernardo Shu Yip
- Sebastian King
- Sebastian Shu
- Sebastian Sierra
- Sebastien Gaujoux
- Sebestian Shu
- Sefeldin Mahdi
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- Selina Man Yeng Chiu
- Semay Desta
- Serena Manfreda
- Serge Kapenda Tshisola
- Sergio Estupinian
- Sergio Ribaldi
- Sergio Zegarra
- Servio Tulio Torres Rodriguez
- Shadid Al Amin
- Shadid Alamin
- Shady Elhadry
- Shady Hussein
- Shady Mahmoud
- Shagorika Talukder
- Shahadatul Shaharuddin
- Shahinaz Alaa El-Din
- Shaimaa Aql
- Shalon Guevara Torres
- Shamsudeen Aliyu
- Sharad Karandikar
- Sharon Koh
- Shaza Rabie Mohamed
- Shereen Elsheikh
- Sherif Shehata
- Sherif Tariq
- Shimaa Gamal
- Shimaa Said Elkholy
- Shireen Gaafar
- Shirish Tewari
- Shiva Dindyal
- Shivanee Tharmalingam
- Shorouk El Mesery
- Shpetim Ymeri
- Shravan Nadkarni
- Shruti Ayyar
- Shu Ning Kong
- Shuang Yi Teo
- Shyam Gokani
- Shyang Yee Lim
- Silje Holte
- Silvia Basilicò
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- Simon Gosling
- Simon Ng
- Simon Stock
- Simona Juciute
- Simona Kasputyte
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- Sir Young Yam
- Siti Mohd Desa Asilah
- Siti Nur Alia Kamarulzamil
- Sivasuriya Sivaganesh
- Siyaka Itopa Suleiman
- Siyi Chung
- Soaad Elsobky
- Sofia Mouttalib
- Soha Abushamleh
- Sohaila Elmihy
- Soliman Magdy Ahmed
- Sondos Turkustani
- Sophian Hmila
- South Africa
- Srinivas Pai
- Sriram Bhat
- Stassen Paul
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- Stefan Botes
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- Stefan Zammit
- Stefano Berti
- Stefano Cucumazzo
- Stefano M M Basso
- Stefano Roncali
- Stella Binna Kim
- Sten Saar
- Stephanie Hiu-Wai Kwok
- Stephanie Van Straten
- Stephen Dias
- Stephen J Chapman
- Stephen Kache
- Stephen Mcaleer
- Stephen R Knight
- Stephen Tabiri
- Steponas Petrikenas
- Stuart J Fergusson
- Styliani Parpoudi
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- Sudipta Roy
- Sukrit Suresh
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- Suleiman Baba
- Sultan Almuallem
- Sung-Hee Kim
- Sunil Kumar
- Suparna Das
- Suraya Bahar
- Susan Aviles
- Susan Limache
- Susan Wndy Mathew
- Susana Yrma Aranzabal Durand
- Svetlana Doris Brincat
- Swantje Kruspi
- Swapnil Roy
- Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan Ali
- Syed Altaf Naqvi
- Syed Asaat Ul Razi
- Sylvia Batista Lemaire
- Sylvie Mochet
- Syrine Rekhis
- T Ariani Widiastini
- Tagang Ebogo Ngwa
- Taha Yusufali
- Taher Al-Taher
- Tahir Muhammad Yaseen
- Tahir Yaseen
- Tahira Naqvi
- Taiwo Akeem Lawal
- Taiwo Lawal
- Tan Arulampalam
- Tanzeela Gala
- Tapan Kumar
- Tara Grima
- Tarek Ezzat
- Tarek Razek
- Tasneem Idress
- Tasnia Hamid Kanta
- Tatsiana Shachykava
- Taufiq Khan
- Tebian Hassanein Ahmed Ali
- Tessa Fautz
- Tewodros Worku
- Thamer Nouh
- Thays Brunelli Pugliesi
- Thea Dimech
- Thelma Tembo
- Thelma Xerri
- Theodore Pezas
- Theodosios Theodosopoulos
- Thiago Fernandes Giuriato
- Thierry Alihonou
- Thomas Feidantsis
- Thomas Fozard
- Thomas G Weiser
- Thomas M Drake
- Thomas Olagboyega Olajide
- Thomas Pinkney
- Thomas Prudhomme
- Thomas Sherman
- Thomas Tetens Moe
- Thuraya Alzayat
- Thusitha Sampath Hettiarachchi
- Tien Seng Bryan Lee
- Timothy White
- Tina Gaarder
- Tobias Schuetz
- Todisoa Emmanuella Christina Tolotra
- Tolg Cecilia
- Tom Am Malik
- Tom Arthur
- Tom Falconer Hall
- Tomas Abaliksta
- Tomas Jankus
- Tomas Poškus
- Tommaso Bocchetti
- Tommaso Campagnaro
- Tommaso Fontana
- Tony Mak
- Toqa Khafagy
- Torhild Veen
- Trude Beate Wold
- Tsz-Yan Katie Chan
- Tuan Nur'Azmah Tuan Mat
- Tunde Sholadoye
- Twc Mak
- Tyler Rouse
- Tzu-Ling Chen
- Uday Muddebihal
- Ufuk Karabacak
- Ulf Gunnarsson
- Ulf Gustafsson
- Umar Muktar
- Umberto Tedeschi
- Umme Salma
- Usama Hantour
- Uthman Alamoudi
- Valdemaras Jotautas
- Valentine Parent
- Vanessa Dina Palomino Castillo
- Vanessa Msosa
- Vania Guglielmo
- Vania Silvestri
- Vasileios Despotidis
- Vasileios Kalles
- Vasiliki Soulou
- Vassilis Kalles
- Veereanna Shatkar
- Venerand Barendegere
- Veronica Grassi
- Veronica Lazzari
- Vicky Jennings
- Victor Dassah
- Victor Etwire
- Victor Kong
- Victor Manuel Quintero Riaza
- Victor Nwinee
- Victoria K Proctor
- Vijaid Upadhyaya
- Vijay Gadhvi
- Viktorija Ambrozeviciute
- Viktorija Nevieraite
- Ville Sallinen
- Vimalakanthan Thanusan
- Vincas Jonas Banaitis
- Virgilijus Beisa
- Viviana Sollazzo
- Vivien Graffieille
- Vizir Jean Paul Nsengimana
- Vladimir Khokha
- Vollmer Sebastian
- Vu Thanh Hien Le
- Vytautas Gaižauskas
- Vytautas Lipnickas
- Wahid Anwer
- Wai Cheong Soon
- Wai Him Lam
- Wairimu Ndegwa
- Waleed Thabet
- Walid Adham
- Walter Forno
- Walter Ruiz Panez
- Wan Nurul 'Ain Wan Mohd Nasir
- Wanigasekara Senanayake Mudiyanselage Kithsiri Janakantha Senanayake
- Ward Hamsho
- Wasim Dar
- Wedyan Alhazmi
- Wei Guo
- Weiguang Ho
- Weihei Dao
- Wendy Leslie Messa Aguilar
- Wennweoi Goh
- Wifanto Saditya Jeo
- Wilfredo Pino
- William Appeadu-Mensah
- William Beasley
- William Bonney
- William Hutch
- William J Lossius
- William Milligan
- Willy Alcca Ticona
- Wing Sum Li
- Witold Chachulski
- Xavier Delforge
- Xianelle Rodriguez
- Xinwei Low
- Xue Wei Chan
- Ya Theng Neo
- Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou
- Yahaya Ukwenya
- Yahya Salama
- Yaseen Rajjoub
- Yasmein Ibrahim
- Yasmin Abd-Elrasoul
- Yasmin Elfouly
- Yasmin Hegazy
- Yasmin Soliman
- Yasser Abd El Salam
- Yee Wen Tan
- Yehia Zakaria
- Yella Reddy
- Yi Koon Tan
- Yi Ting Mok
- Yih Jeng Cheong
- Yiing Yee Gan
- Yishan Der
- Yogendra Praveen Mogan
- Yomna Allam
- Yomna Hosny Asar
- Yong Yong Tew
- Yousef Abuowda
- Yousra El Shoura
- Ysabel Esthefany Alejos Bermúdez
- Yuk Hong Eric Cheung
- Yuksel Altinel
- Yung Kok Ng
- Yuri Macchitella
- Yves Aigrain
- Yücel Cengiz
- Zaher Mikwar
- Zahra Jaffry
- Zain Ali Khan
- Zainab Iftikhar
- Zaynab M Elsayed
- Zhongtao Zhang
- Zi Hao Sam
- Zigmantas Urniežius
- Zilvinas Dambrauskas
- Zineb Bentounsi
- Zygimantas Tverskis
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US 92492millionusingapproach1and73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was 95004millionusingapproach1and75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially
Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis
- Author
- Aahlin Eirik Kjus
- Aamer Ahmed
- Aaniana Kenneth
- Ababneh Ali
- Abaliksta Tomas
- Abantanga Francis
- Abbas Mohamed
- Abbasy Jibran
- Abbo Olivier
- Abbouch Meryem
- Abd-Elmawla Manar
- Abd-Elrasoul Yasmin
- Abdallah Emad
- Abdel-Aty Abdulrahman
- Abdel-Hameed Noran
- Abdel-Kader Sara Mahmoud
- Abdel-Wahab Nehal Yosri Elsayed
- Abdelaal Abdelaziz
- Abdelaty Mohamed
- Abdelazeam Anan Rady
- Abdelazim Galaleldin
- Abdelaziz Mohamed A
- Abdelbadeai Kholoud
- Abdelfatah Afnan
- AbdelFattah Ibrahim
- Abdelgelil Asmaa
- Abdelghany Sarah
- Abdelhady Samar
- Abdelhamed Rasha
- Abdelhamid Amina
- Abdelhaq Aram
- Abdelkader Mostafa
- Abdelkader Omar
- Abdelkareem Ahmed
- Abdelkhalek Mohamed
- Abdelmageed Eman
- Abdelmotaleb Ibrahem
- Abdelraheim Mohamed
- Abdelraouf Ahmed Mahmoud
- Abdelrouf Doaa Maher
- Abdelshafy Mahmoud
- Abdelshakour Mahmoud
- Abdrabou Abdulshafi Khaled
- Abdul-Latif Saiba
- Abdulaziz Hager
- Abdulbagi Omar
- Abdulgawad Mahmoud
- Abdulhakeem Eman Mahmoud
- Abdullah Mohamed Abozed
- Abdullah Nik Azim Nik
- Abdullah Noha
- Abdullahi Lawal
- Abdurrazzaaq Abdussemiu
- Abebe Nebiyou Seyoum
- Abebe Nebyou Seyoum
- Abem Owusu Emmanuel
- Abiola Olajide
- Aboarab Aya
- Aboelella Majed
- Aboelmagd Omnia
- Aboelsoud Moustafa R.
- Aboraya Metwally
- Aboraya Mohammad
- Abouelnasr Alaa
- Aboul-Naga Mariam Saad
- Abouzahra Amany
- Abouzaid Arwa
- Abozaid Mohamed
- Abozeid Khaled
- Abozyed Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi
- Abu-toyour Maram
- Abubakr Marwan
- Abudeeb Haytham
- Abuowda Yousef
- Abuqwaider Eman
- Abusalem Lana
- Abuseif Mohamed
- Abushamleh Soha
- Ackom Eric
- Acquah Emmanuel
- Adam Nourhan
- Adams Ryan
- Adamu Ahmed
- Adawi Ihdaa
- Adawi Mohammad
- Adebanjo Ademola
- Adebola Oluwaseyi
- Adedeji Adesina
- Adekoya Adeleke
- Adel Abdalrahman
- Adel Ahmed
- Adel Badr Eldin
- Adel Israa
- Adella Fidelis Jacklyn
- Adelshone Abdelrahman
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji O
- Adenekan Babajide
- Adeniran James
- Adeniyi Adewale
- Adesanya Opeoluwa
- Adesina Alaba
- Adesuyi Abidemi
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adham Walid
- Adhitama Novia
- Adil Muhammad
- Adisa Adewale O
- Adnan Ahmad Bin
- Adu-Aryee Niiarmah
- Afana Samah
- Afandy Ahmed
- Afifi Ahmed Mohamed
- Africa South
- Agalianos Christos
- Agarwal Arnav
- Agbedinu Kwabena
- Agius Marija
- Aglan Amro
- Aguilar Wendy Leslie Messa
- Aguilar-Jimenez Jose
- Aguilera Maria Lorena
- Aguilera Omar
- Aguilera-Arevalo Maria-Lorena
- Ahlonsou Germain
- Ahlqvist Sandra
- Ahmed Ahmed
- Ahmed Asdaq
- Ahmed Ataa
- Ahmed Emad Ali
- Ahmed Hala
- Ahmed Hayam
- Ahmed Hussien
- Ahmed Lopna Ahmed Mohamed
- Ahmed Sara
- Ahmed Saraibrahim
- Ahmed Soliman Magdy
- Ahounou Ernest Yemalin Stephane
- Aigrain Yves
- Ajah Jonathan
- Ajai Olalekan
- Ajao Akinlabi E
- Ajiboye Anthony
- Akatibo Emmanuel
- Akeel Nouf
- Akoto Elliot
- Al-Aarag Asmaa Abdel-Rahman
- Al-Azraqi Israa Abdullah Aziz
- Al-Buhaisi Alaa
- Al-Dakka Emad
- Al-Faifi Jubran J
- Al-faqawi Maha
- Al-farram Hadeel
- Al-Hameedi Hasan Ismael Ibraheem
- Al-Hasani Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad
- Al-khatib Ahmed
- Al-Mallah Abdullah
- Al-Marakby Dina
- Al-Mousa Mashael
- Al-Nahrawi Safwat
- Al-Obaedi Ossama
- Al-saqqa Sara
- Al-Saqqa Sara W
- Al-shammari Abeer
- Al-Slaibi Ibrahim
- Al-taher Taher
- Alada Muslimat
- Alahmady Omar
- Alakaloko Felix
- Alaloul Enas
- Alamin Shadid
- Alamoudi Mohammed
- Alamoudi Uthman
- Albeladi Bandar
- Albiety Adel
- Aldalaq Ahmad
- Aldhafeeri Salman
- Aledrisy Mohannad
- Alexander Philip
- Alexandre Challine
- Alfarsi Muayad Ahmed
- Alghamdi Ahmed
- Alghamdi Basim
- Alghamdi Masood
- Alghamdi Mohammed Saleh A.
- Algohary Osama
- Alhabli Ibrahim
- Alhady Khaled
- Alhassan Basmah
- Alhazmi Wedyan
- Alhendy Mohammed
- Alherz Mohammad
- Ali Ahmad
- Ali Ahmed
- Ali Ased
- Ali Citra Dewi Mohd
- Ali Elsayed
- Ali Farah Mahmoud
- Ali Hussein
- Ali Safia
- Ali Samuel Sani
- Ali Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan
- Ali Tebian Hassanein Ahmed
- Alihonou Thierry
- Alimi Quentin
- Aliyu Halima
- Aliyu Mohammad
- Aliyu Shamsudeen
- Aljboor Khaled
- Aljiffry Murad
- Aljohani Emad
- Aljohani Saud
- Alkaaki Aroub
- Alkammash Abdelrahman
- Alkelani Muhammad
- Alkhabbaz Dalia
- Allam Meran
- Allam Mostafa
- Allam Yomna
- Allegri Andrea
- Allen John Lee Y
- Almallah Ahmad
- Almanon Christel Leanne
- Almoflihi Abdullah
- Almuallem Sultan
- Almy Jack
- Alnaby Mohamed Hassab
- Alnawam Ehab
- Alnuqaydan Saleh A.
- Alnusairat Aseel
- Alomar Ibrahim N.
- Alqahtani Enas
- Alqahtani Saleh
- Alrahawy Mahmoud
- Alrajraji Mawaddah
- Alrifaie Ahmad
- AlRowais Mohammed
- Alsaggaf Mohammed
- Alsaggaf Mohammed Ubaid
- Alser Osaid H.
- Alshareef Reham
- Altaf Abdulmalik
- Altamimi Abdullah
- Altamimi Afnan
- Altamini Afnan
- Altarayra Marwa
- Althwainy Amani
- Altibi Ahmed
- Altinel Yuksel
- Altoe Fernanda
- Altwigry Abdulrahman M.
- Altwijri Abdulaziz
- Alvarez Ismael Isaac Zelada
- Alvi Abdul Rehman
- Alwafai Mohammad Ghassan
- Aly Abouelatta Khairy
- Aly Mohammed Yahia Mohamed
- Alyacoubi Said
- Alyahya Reem
- Alyami Rifan
- AlYoussef Ibrahim
- Alzahrani Ahmed
- Alzahrani Mohammed
- Alzayat Thuraya
- Aman Nowrin F.
- Amandito Radhian
- Ambrozeviciute Viktorija
- Ameen Mohamed
- Amer Mohamed A
- Amin Hager Abdul Aziz
- Amin Jasim
- Amin Shadid Al
- Amjad Mohammadasim
- Ammar Mohamed
- Ammar Mohamed Sabry
- Amoah Michael
- Amoako Joachim
- Amoako Philip Taah
- Amoako-Boateng Mabel
- Amole Isaac
- Amreia Mahmoud
- Anderson-Knight Hannah
- Andersson Linda
- Andika Ferry Fitriya Ayu
- Andreotti Dario
- Angelieri Daniele
- Anis Echaieb
- Ansaloni Luca
- Antar Sarah
- Antezana Diego
- Anthoulakis Christos
- Antoniozzi Angelo
- Anwar Abdul Wahid
- Anwar Nourhan
- Anwer Wahid
- Anyanwu Lofty-John
- Aonzo Paolo
- Appeadu-Mensah William
- Appiah Eric Kofi
- Aql Shaimaa
- Aquilino Fabrizio
- Arachchi Prasad Pitigala
- Arachchige Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasooriya
- Arafa Omar
- Arafa Sara
- Arango Maria Clara Mendoza
- Araujo Rafael
- Arcudi Claudio
- Ardley Rohan
- Arenas Andy
- Aristizã¡bal Fred Alexander Naranjo
- Arman Sam
- Armellini Andrea
- Arnaud Alexis Pierre
- Arshad Mohammad Mohsin
- Arsyad Hasbi Maulana
- Arthur Tom
- Arulampalam Tan
- Aruldas Neerav
- Asal Mohamed
- Asar Yomna Hosny
- Asare-Bediako Kwasi
- Asele Frehun Ayele
- Ashal Gehad El
- Ashour Ahmad
- Ashour Khlood
- Ashtari Morvarid
- Ashton Annelisse
- Asi Fatema
- Asilah Siti Mohd Desa
- Assal Abdelrahman
- Assouto Pamphile A
- Asturias Sabrina
- Asumah Hamza
- Ata Ahmed
- Ata Ali Amin Ahmed
- Ata Aya Yehia
- Atiyeh Anwar
- Atkins Ebenezer Takyi
- Atkinson Kieran
- Atobatele Kazeem
- Attallah Noura A.
- Attar Samaa Mahmoud Al
- Attard Myranda
- Attia Attia
- Attia Attia Mohamed
- Augestad Knut Magne
- Aung Kyaw Phyo
- Austraite Aiste
- Aviles Susan
- Avoka Anthony
- Awad Israa
- Awad Sawsan Adel
- Awuku-Asabre Joseph
- Awwad Saad Al
- Ayad Sara
- Ayandipo Omobolaji O
- Ayyar Shruti
- Aziz Dayang Nita Abdul
- Aziz Mohamed Rezal Abdul
- Aziz Nora Abdul
- Azizeldine Mohammed G.
- Azmitia José René Arévalo
- Azzie Georges
- Azzis Olivier
- Baba Suleiman
- Bachri Houda
- Badawy Mahmoud
- Badenjki Mohamed Adel
- Badr Ahmed
- Badr Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous
- Badwi Nermin M
- Badwi Nermin Mohamed
- Badwy Assmaa
- Bahar Suraya
- Baheeg Mohamad
- Bailey Karen
- Baird Alan
- Bakhaidar Mohamad
- Bakr Ahmad
- Bakry Hesham Mohammed
- Bala Miklosh
- Balalis Dimitrios
- Baldacchino Matthew
- Balducci Genoveffa
- Balila Reem Mohammed Hassan
- Balkan Ali Zeynel Abidin
- Ball Alasdair
- Ballouhey Quentin
- Balmaceda Rubén
- Balogun Fatai
- Baltrunas Robertas
- Baluch Fatima
- Bamicha Anastasia
- Bamicha Athanasia
- Banaitis Vincas Jonas
- Bandoh Dickson
- Bani-Sadar Ahmad
- Banipal Gurpreet Singh
- Baraka Heba
- Barakat Sara Abd Elmageed
- Barendegere Venerand
- Barkolias Christos
- Barnabas Gandau Naa
- Barneo Luis
- Barrantes Ana Maria Sandoval
- Barrawi Fayez Elian Al
- Barreda Luis Miguel Alvarez
- Barrientos Linda Alvi Madrid
- Barrios Emanuel
- Barrios Emmanuel
- Basilicò Silvia
- Basir Elissa Rifhan Mohd
- Bassem Monica
- Bassit Khalil Abdul
- Basso Celeste Del
- Basso Stefano M. M
- Bastawis Fatema Al
- Basto Carlos Alejandro Arroyo
- Bautista Ana Cecilia Manchego
- Beasley William
- Bedada Alemayehu Ginbo
- Bediako-Bowan Antoinette
- Behar Nebil
- Beisa Virgilijus
- Bekhet Amira Hassan
- Bekhet Nada Mohamed
- Beleño Alvaro Enrique Mendoza
- Belkouchi Abdelkader
- Belli Andrea
- Bello Bashir
- Benammi Sarah
- Benevento Angelo
- Bennai Redouane Mammar
- Bentounsi Zineb
- Benyaiche Chaymae
- Bermúdez Ysabel Esthefany Alejos
- Berti Stefano
- Bertuello Isaac
- Beuran Mircea
- Bezzina Maureen
- Bhangu Aneel
- Bhat Sriram
- Bhatnagar Ankur
- Bhopal Kamran Faisal
- Bianco Federica
- Bigaran Annamaria
- Billy Matthew
- Birindelli Arianna
- Birring Amerdip
- Björklund Ida
- Blanco Ruth
- Blencowe Natalie
- Bliksøen Marte
- Blower Emma
- Boakye-Yiadom Kwaku
- Bocchetti Tommaso
- Bode Chris
- Bode Christopher
- Boijsen Magnus
- Bonavia Karl
- Bonavina Luigi
- Bondin John
- Bondurri Andrea
- Boni Davide De
- Boni Silvia
- Bonnard Arnaud
- Bonney William
- Bono Phoebe De
- Borda-Luque Giuliano
- Borg Elaine
- Borin Eva
- Bortolasi Luca
- Botero Jaime Andres Montoya
- Botes Stefan
- Bottini Corrado
- Botto Nathalie
- Bouali Ourdia
- Bougard Heather
- Boukhal Khaoula
- Bowabsak Alaa
- Bowe Ross
- Bowley Doug
- Bradulskis Saulius
- Bratu Matei
- Bratu Matei Razvan
- Bratu Razvan-Matei
- Braungart Sarah
- Bravo Jorge Armando Chungui
- Bray Lemuel Davies
- Breitenstein Stefan
- Bréaud Jean
- Brincat Svetlana Doris
- Brocca Antonella La
- Broch Aline
- Brown Damien
- Brown James
- Brown Jason
- Brunoni Beatrice
- Bsisu Isam
- Bucci Luigi
- Bugeja Roberta
- Buisson Philippe
- Bukari Mohammed
- Burger Sule
- Burmistrovas Andrius
- Burns Hannah
- Bustangi Nasir
- Butt Muhammad Talha
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- Elsawy Amira
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- Elsayed Mohammed
- Elsayed Nada Ahmed Reda
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- Elsayed Zaynab M
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- Fozard Thomas
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- Halhouli Oday
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- Har Prisca A. L.
- Haraux Elodie
- Haroun Abdelrahman
- Harrison Ewen M
- Hasan Ahmad
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- Havemann Ingemar
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- Helguero-Santin Luis M.
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- Kandil Ahmedali M
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- Low Xinwei
- Luc Alberto Realis
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- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US 92492millionusingapproach1and73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was 95004millionusingapproach1and75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially