842 research outputs found
EFSUMB Recommendations and Guidelines for Gastrointestinal Ultrasound - Part 1: Examination Techniques and Normal Findings (Short version)
Abstract
▼
In October 2014 the European Federation of Societies
for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology formed
a Gastrointestinal Ultrasound (GIUS) task force
group to promote the use of GIUS in a clinical setting.
One of the main objectives of the task force
group was to develop clinical recommendations
and guidelines for the use of GIUS under the auspices
of EFSUMB. The first part, gives an overview of
the examination techniques for GIUS recommended
by experts in the field. It also presents the
current evidence for the interpretation of normal
sonoanatomical and physiological features as examined
with different ultrasound modalities
EFSUMB Recommendations and Guidelines for Gastrointestinal Ultrasound - Part 1: Examination Techniques and Normal Findings (Long version).
Abstract
▼
In October 2014 the European Federation of Societies
for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology formed
a Gastrointestinal Ultrasound (GIUS) task force
group to promote the use of GIUS in a clinical setting.
One of the main objectives of the task force
group was to develop clinical recommendations
and guidelines for the use of GIUS under the auspices
of EFSUMB. The first part, gives an overview of
the examination techniques for GIUS recommended
by experts in the field. It also presents the
current evidence for the interpretation of normal
sonoanatomical and physiological features as examined
with different ultrasound modalities
Dataset on the activation of Mueller cells through macrophages upon hypoxia in the retina
The dataset presented in this article complements the article entitled "Myeloid cells contribute indirectly to VEGF expression upon hypoxia via activation of Mueller cells" (C. Nuernberg, N. Kociok, C. Brockmann, T. Lischke, S. Crespo-Garcia, N. Reichhart, S. Wolf, R. Baumgrass, S.A. Eming, S. Beer-Hammer, and A.M. Joussen). This complementary dataset provides further insight into the experimental validation of the VEGF(fl/fl) LysMCre (here named VEGF(mcko)) knockout model used in the main article through genomic and quantitative Real-Time PCR in various murine tissues as well as additional flow cytometry data and immunohistochemical stainings. By providing these data, we aim to enable researcher to reproduce and critically analyze our data
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neuronal cells from a sporadic Alzheimer’s disease donor as a model for investigating AD-associated gene regulatory networks
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex, irreversible
neurodegenerative disorder. At present there are neither reliable markers to
diagnose AD at an early stage nor therapy. To investigate underlying disease
mechanisms, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) allow the generation of
patient-derived neuronal cells in a dish. Results In this study, employing iPS
technology, we derived and characterized iPSCs from dermal fibroblasts of an
82-year-old female patient affected by sporadic AD. The AD-iPSCs were
differentiated into neuronal cells, in order to generate disease-specific
protein association networks modeling the molecular pathology on the
transcriptome level of AD, to analyse the reflection of the disease phenotype
in gene expression in AD-iPS neuronal cells, in particular in the ubiquitin-
proteasome system (UPS), and to address expression of typical AD proteins. We
detected the expression of p-tau and GSK3B, a physiological kinase of tau, in
neuronal cells derived from AD-iPSCs. Treatment of neuronal cells
differentiated from AD-iPSCs with an inhibitor of γ-secretase resulted in the
down-regulation of p-tau. Transcriptome analysis of AD-iPS derived neuronal
cells revealed significant changes in the expression of genes associated with
AD and with the constitutive as well as the inducible subunits of the
proteasome complex. The neuronal cells expressed numerous genes associated
with sub-regions within the brain thus suggesting the usefulness of our in-
vitro model. Moreover, an AD-related protein interaction network composed of
APP and GSK3B among others could be generated using neuronal cells
differentiated from two AD-iPS cell lines. Conclusions Our study demonstrates
how an iPSC-based model system could represent (i) a tool to study the
underlying molecular basis of sporadic AD, (ii) a platform for drug screening
and toxicology studies which might unveil novel therapeutic avenues for this
debilitating neuronal disorder
EFSUMB Statement on Medical Student Education in Ultrasound [long version]
Publisher Copyright: © 2016 Georg Thieme Verlag. All rights reserved.The European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) recommends that ultrasound should be used systematically as an easy accessible and instructive educational tool in the curriculum of modern medical schools. Medical students should acquire theoretical knowledge of the modality and hands-on training should be implemented and adhere to evidence-based principles. In this paper we report EFSUMB policy statements on medical student education in ultrasound that in a short version is already published in Ultraschall in der Medizin 1.publishersversionPeer reviewe
Defective Gpsm2/G alpha(i3) signalling disrupts stereocilia development and growth cone actin dynamics in Chudley-McCullough syndrome
Mutations in GPSM2 cause Chudley-McCullough syndrome (CMCS), an autosomal recessive neurological disorder characterized by early-onset sensorineural deafness and brain anomalies. Here, we show that mutation of the mouse orthologue of GPSM2 affects actin-rich stereocilia elongation in auditory and vestibular hair cells, causing deafness and balance defects. The G-protein subunit Gαi3, a well-documented partner of Gpsm2, participates in the elongation process, and its absence also causes hearing deficits. We show that Gpsm2 defines an ∼200 nm nanodomain at the tips of stereocilia and this localization requires the presence of Gαi3, myosin 15 and whirlin. Using single-molecule tracking, we report that loss of Gpsm2 leads to decreased outgrowth and a disruption of actin dynamics in neuronal growth cones. Our results elucidate the aetiology of CMCS and highlight a new molecular role for Gpsm2/Gαi3 in the regulation of actin dynamics in epithelial and neuronal tissues
Measurements of branching fraction ratios and CP-asymmetries in suppressed B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)K^- and B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)pi^- decays
We report the first reconstruction in hadron collisions of the suppressed
decays B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)K^- and B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)pi^-, sensitive to the
CKM phase gamma, using data from 7 fb^-1 of integrated luminosity collected by
the CDF II detector at the Tevatron collider. We reconstruct a signal for the
B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)K^- suppressed mode with a significance of 3.2 standard
deviations, and measure the ratios of the suppressed to favored branching
fractions R(K) = [22.0 \pm 8.6(stat)\pm 2.6(syst)]\times 10^-3, R^+(K) =
[42.6\pm 13.7(stat)\pm 2.8(syst)]\times 10^-3, R^-(K)= [3.8\pm 10.3(stat)\pm
2.7(syst]\times 10^-3, as well as the direct CP-violating asymmetry A(K) =
-0.82\pm 0.44(stat)\pm 0.09(syst) of this mode. Corresponding quantities for
B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)pi^- decay are also reported.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, accepted by Phys.Rev.D Rapid Communications for
Publicatio
Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS
has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions
at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection
criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined.
For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a
muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the
whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4,
while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The
efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than
90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall
momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The
transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity
for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be
better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions
of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Search for new physics with same-sign isolated dilepton events with jets and missing transverse energy
A search for new physics is performed in events with two same-sign isolated
leptons, hadronic jets, and missing transverse energy in the final state. The
analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
4.98 inverse femtobarns produced in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of
7 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. This constitutes a factor of
140 increase in integrated luminosity over previously published results. The
observed yields agree with the standard model predictions and thus no evidence
for new physics is found. The observations are used to set upper limits on
possible new physics contributions and to constrain supersymmetric models. To
facilitate the interpretation of the data in a broader range of new physics
scenarios, information on the event selection, detector response, and
efficiencies is provided.Comment: Published in Physical Review Letter
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