Health practices and behaviours of students

Aims: To determine the practices and behaviours determinants of health among students; to determine the prevalence of eating disorders in a non-clinic population of students and to determine some predicting factors of the health practices and behaviours of students Methodology: A Cross sectional correlational study was conducted. The population for this study was composed of 1442 students who filled a questionnaire composed of: sociodemographic and family data, health practices and behaviours and diagnostic criteria for eating disorders; and general health data Results: The majority of students perceive health as good. As to the prevalence rate of hypercholesterolemia, girls registered a higher rate than boys (p<0,05) Identical results were found for the abdominal perimeter, with girls presenting a higher coronary risk when this parameter is present. The prevalence rate of pre-obesity and obesity is higher among male students. The results demonstrate differences according to gender which suggest that girls have healthier practices, eating and sleeping habits, driving behaviours and physical activity than boys. Older students have healthier eating and physical activity behaviours than younger students. The health practices and behaviours of students do not rely on the fact of them having all their meals at home. No potential cases of anorexia or bulimia were detected

Qualidade de vida da pessoa celíaca adulta

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión sistemática realizada bajo una metodología propuesta por el Centro Cochrane y que parte de la pregunta de investigación: ¿Qué impacto tiene la enfermedad celiaca en calidad de vida del celíaco adulto? El proceso de investigación tomó en consideración los siete pasos recomendados y reunió un conjunto de estudios que cumplían los criterios de inclusión predefinidos. Tras el análisis de los documentos, hemos encontrado evidencias de estudios de ámbito nacional que pueden dar respuesta a la pregunta formulada, sin embargo los estudios internacionales proporcionan esa respuesta destacando el impacto que la enfermedad celíaca impone a la calidad de vida adulto celíaco.This paper aims to present a systematic literature review focused on the proposed methodology by the Cochrane Center through the following research question: What is the impact of celiac disease on quality of life of adult celiac person? The research process took into account the seven steps recommended and met a number of studies that respect the pre-defined inclusion criteria. After reviewing the documents, we found no evidence of national surveys that would provide answers to the raised question, however, international studies provide this response demonstrating the impact of celiac disease in quality of life of adult celiac person.Este trabalho tem como objectivo apresentar uma revisão sistemática orientada sob uma metodologia proposta pelo Centro Cochrane e que parte da questão de investigação: Qual o impacto da doença celíaca na qualidade de vida da pessoa celíaca adulta? O processo de pesquisa teve em consideração os sete passos preconizados e reuniu um conjunto de estudos que cumpriam os criterios de inclusão pré-definidos. Após a análise dos documentos, não encontrámos evidências de estudos de âmbito nacional que possam dar resposta à questão formulada todavia, estudos internacionais proporcionam essa resposta evidenciando o impacto que a doença celíaca impõe na qualidade de vida da pessoa celíaca adulta.peerReviewe

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research