62 research outputs found
Targeting the TWEAK–Fn14 pathway prevents dysfunction in cardiac calcium handling after acute kidney injury
Heart and kidney have a closely interrelated pathophysiology. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with
significantly increased rates of cardiovascular events, a relationship defined as cardiorenal syndrome type 3
(CRS3). The underlying mechanisms that trigger heart disease remain, however, unknown, particularly concerning
the clinical impact of AKI on cardiac outcomes and overall mortality. Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of
apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) are independently involved in the
pathogenesis of both heart and kidney failure, and recent studies have proposed TWEAK as a possible therapeutic target;
however, its specific role in cardiac damage associated with CRS3 remains to be clarified. Firstly, we demonstrated in a
retrospective longitudinal clinical study that soluble TWEAK plasma levels were a predictive biomarker of mortality in
patients with AKI. Furthermore, the exogenous application of TWEAK to native ventricular cardiomyocytes induced
relevant calcium (Ca2+) handling alterations. Next, we investigated the role of the TWEAK–Fn14 axis in cardiomyocyte
function following renal ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. We observed that TWEAK–Fn14 signalling was
activated in the hearts of AKI mice. Mice also showed significantly altered intra-cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling and
arrhythmogenic Ca2+ events through an impairment in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase 2a
pump (SERCA2a) and ryanodine receptor (RyR2) function. Administration of anti-TWEAK antibody after reperfusion
significantly improved alterations in Ca2+ cycling and arrhythmogenic events and prevented SERCA2a and RyR2
modifications. In conclusion, this study establishes the relevance of the TWEAK–Fn14 pathway in cardiac dysfunction
linked to CRS3, both as a predictor of mortality in patients with AKI and as a Ca2+ mishandling inducer in
cardiomyocytes, and highlights the cardioprotective benefits of TWEAK targeting in CRS3This work was mainly supported by
projects from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
(PI20/00763, PI20/01482, CPII20/00022, FI18/00261,
FI21/00212, CD19/00029, IFEQ21/00012, PI19/00588,
PI22/00469) and co-funded by the European Union,
Ministerio de Universidades (FPU20/03005), Ministerio
de Ciencia e Innovaci on (RYR2019-026916-I), the
Education and Research Council of Madrid (PEJ-2021-
AI/SAL-21426), Biomedicine Network Comunidad de
Madrid (P2022/BMD-7223 CIFRA_COR-CM), Spanish
Network in Inflammasoma and Pyroptosis in Chronic
Disease and Cancer (RED2022-134511-T), and the Spanish
Society of Nephrology SEN/SENEFRO Foundatio
PERSPECTIVA PSICOSOCIAL DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS
Hoy en día es imprescindible abordar el problema de los derechos desde una perspectiva holística que integre la posición que el individuo ocupa en la sociedad y el impacto de los hechos sociales sobre su persona. Esta perspectiva va por lo tanto más allá del enfoque clásico de las violaciones a los derechos civiles y políticos de los ciudadanos sino, también incluye sus derechos económicos, sociales y culturales. Cualquier enfoque de tipo holístico debe entender al ser humano en su ambiente, social, cultural, natural y en función a todas las estructuras existentes, por más sutiles que sean o invisibles que parezcan. Precisamente este libro permite apreciar la dimensión amplia y compleja del ser en sociedad y las interacciones que de ambas partes se generan y las ramificaciones que producen. No es un ejercicio fácil y los editores de este volumen han logrado un salto cuántico al poder congregar en un solo espacio miradas que en otras circunstancias podrían haber sido opuestas y hasta contrarias a nuestra comprensión de problemas que, en efecto, tienen raíces comunes.
El libro está dividido en 5 secciones, El espíritu de los tiempos actuales y los Derechos Humanos, Construcción ciudadana y ejercicio de los Derechos Humanos, Violaciones a Derechos Humanos, victimizaciones y su atención, Ejercicio de los Derechos Humanos y situaciones disruptivas y Defensa y defensores de Derechos Humanos.Manuel Gutiérrez Romero
Jessica Ruiz Magañ
POR UNA CULTURA DE PAZ: UNA MIRADA DESDE LAS CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA
En
virtud
de
lo
anterior,
los
estudiosos
de
las
ciencias
de
la
conducta
de
la
Universidad
Autónoma
del
Estado
de
México,
ante
la
persistencia
y
proliferación
de
estos
hechos
en
diversas
partes
del
Mundo
y
de
nuestro
país
en
particular, se
convocó
a
los
estudiosos
interesados
y
a
la
sociedad
en
general
a
presentar
trabajos
para
analizar,
debatir
y
proponer
estrategias
de
acción
y
dirección,
que
fortalezcan
una
convivencia y bienestar con sentido humanista para una cultura de paz.
El
presente
texto
es
producto
de
esta convocatoria
que
recoge
los
trabajos
de
los
interesados
en
la
temática,
de
diferentes
países
(España,
Argentina,
Cuba,
Brasil,
Costa
Rica
y
México)
retomando
con
ello
sus
experiencias
relativas
al
estudio,
análisis,
comprensión
e
instrumentación
de
la
cultura
de
paz
en
los
distintos
ámbitos
institucionales
en
los
que
participan:
educativo,
salud,
penitenciario,
social,
laboral,
familia,
alimentario,
psicológico,
por
mencionar
algunos.
El
presente
libro,
propicia
un
espacio
de
reflexión,
diálogo
y
posicionamiento
de
las
ciencias
de
la
conducta
para
la
apropiación,
análisis,
debate
y
propuestas
que
fortalezcan
una
cultura
de
paz
a
través
de
la
convivencia
y
el
bienestar
social
con
sentido
humanista.
El
sistema
económico
neoliberal
y
el
proceso
de
globalización
han
contribuido
al
logro
de
avances
significativos
en
la
ciencia
y
la
tecnología,
pero
también
han
propiciado
la
polarización
de
las
sociedades
lo
que
ha
impactado
de
manera
negativa
a
la
sociedad
en
su
conjunto,
pero
en
mayor
medida
a
los grupos
vulnerables. Dicha
polarización
ha
traído
consigo
un
desarrollo
desigual
del
mundo
que
se
expresa
de
diferentes
maneras
tanto
en
países
desarrollados
como
en
los
llamados
del
tercer
mundo,
en
donde
no
están
satisfechas
las
necesidades
humanas
elementales
de
todos
los
sectores
de
la
población,
siempre
falta
algo.
Si
a
esto
le
sumamos
los
conflictos
internacionales por
diferentes
motivos
que
enfrentan
algunas
naciones,
una
insuficiente
cobertura
educativa
y
de
salud,
desempleo
y
pobreza
extrema,
entre
otras
cosas;
estamos
frente
a
retos
de
gran
envergadura
para
los
gobiernos,
para
los
estudiosos
y
para
la
sociedad
civil
en
general. Uno
de
los
intentos
para
frenar
y prevenir
la
agudización
de
estas
problemáticas
es
la
cultura
de
paz,
cuyo
estudio
y propuestas
han
ido
avanzando
en
diferentes
sentidos
y
de
manera
favorable,
el
tema
está
presente
en
diferentes
Organismos
Internacionales
como
la
ONU,
la
UNESCO,
la
OCDE,
El
Banco
Mundial,
entre
otros.
Pero
falta
mucho
por
hacer.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic
una mirada desde las Ciencias de la Conducta
Este libro es el resultado de los trabajos presentados en el 1er Congreso Internacional "Convivencia y bienestar con sentido humanista para una cultura de paz"
Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality
Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study
Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak.
Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study.
Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM.
Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide
Vocabulario de la sociedad civil, la ruralidad y los movimientos sociales en América Latina
El Vocabulario de la Sociedad Civil, la Ruralidad y los
Movimientos Sociales en América Latina tiene como
objetivo desarrollar vocablos relacionados con temas
de gran trascendencia para la vida colectiva de la
población Latinoamericana; pretende introducir a
estudiantes, personas del ámbito académico y activistas
en la comprensión de estas categorías de análisis.
A través de la mirada de 70 especialistas que
participaron en este vocabulario, es posible comprender
muchos de los términos que se utilizan dentro de
la investigación social y áreas relacionadas con las
ciencias políticas, ambientales y rurales, a partir de
una mayor explicación y detalle. Es por ello que se
inserta este trabajo desde una mirada colectiva y
amplia de los conceptos que se exponen.
En este libro podrá encontrar las ideas de varios autores
y autoras de distintas universidades, con una visión
multi, inter y transdisciplinaria. El esfuerzo que se
realizó para conjuntar varios términos y analizar su
compleja red de interpretaciones, permitirá que este
manuscrito pueda ser consultado por estudiantes,
personas del ámbito científico-académico, y ciudadanía;
porque contiene el estado del arte, la historia del
paulatino avance de múltiples conceptos y su vigencia
en el contexto actual
Interplay between mineral bone disorder and cardiac damage in acute kidney injury: from Ca 2+ mishandling and preventive role of Klotho in mice to its potential mortality prediction in human
Biomarkers of mineral bone disorders (MBD) including phosphorus, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 and Klotho are strongly altered in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) who have high cardiac outcomes and mortality rates. However, the crosslink between MBD and cardiac damage after an AKI episode still remains unclear. We tested MBD and cardiac biomarkers in an experimental AKI model after 24 or 72 hours of folic acid injection and we analyzed structural cardiac remodeling, intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics in cardiomyocytes and cardiac rhythm. AKI mice presented high levels of FGF-23, phosphorus and cardiac troponin T and exhibited a cardiac hypertrophy phenotype accompanied by an increase in systolic Ca2+ release 24 hours after AKI. Ca2+ transients and contractile dysfunction were reduced 72 hours after AKI while diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak, pro-arrhythmogenic Ca2+ events and ventricular arrhythmias were increased. These cardiac events were linked to the activation of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II pathway through the increased phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors and phospholamban specific sites after AKI. Cardiac hypertrophy and the altered intracellular Ca2+ dynamics were prevented in transgenic mice overexpressing Klotho after AKI induction. In a translational retrospective longitudinal clinical study, we determined that combining FGF-23 and phosphorus with cardiac troponin T levels achieved a better prediction of mortality in AKI patients at hospital admission. Thus, monitoring MBD and cardiac damage biomarkers could be crucial to prevent mortality in AKI patients. In this setting, Klotho might be considered as a new cardioprotective therapeutic tool to prevent deleterious cardiac events in AKI conditions.Sin financiación7.012 JCR (2020) Q1, 2/29 Medical Laboratory Technology2.179 SJR (2020) Q1, 4/59 Biochemistry (medical)No data IDR 2020UE
Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Associates with Ventricular Stress in Young Adults and Triggers Intracellular Ca 2+ Alterations in Adult Ventricular Cardiomyocytes
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is associated with cardiac damage and causes injury to multiple cell types. We aimed to investigate the role of oxLDL in ventricular stress. We first examined the association between circulating oxLDL and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a marker of myocardial stress, in young subjects (30-50 years) with or without stable coronary artery disease (SCAD). oxLDL and NT-proBNP were significantly higher in subjects at high cardiovascular risk (CVR) than in subjects at low CVR and were associated independently of traditional CVR factors and C-reactive protein. Furthermore, the levels of oxLDL and NT-proBNP were significantly lower in subjects with SCAD than in peers at high CVR. To determine the intracellular mechanisms involved in the cardiac effects of oxLDL, we analyzed the in vitro effect of oxLDL on intracellular Ca2+ handling in adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes using confocal microscopy. Acute challenge of adult ventricular cardiomyocytes to oxLDL reduced systolic Ca2+ transients and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load. Moreover, diastolic spontaneous Ca2+ leak increased significantly after acute exposure to oxLDL. Thus, we demonstrate that oxLDL associates with NT-proBNP in young subjects, and can directly induce Ca2+ mishandling in adult ventricular cardiomyoyctes, predisposing cardiomyocytes to cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmogenicity.Sin financiación6.313 JCR (2020) Q1, 60/295 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology1.067 SJR (2020) Q2, 136/438 BiochemistryNo data IDR 2020UE
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