Hillforts in the Primošten/Rogoznica Region

Pretpovijesne gradine na primoštensko – rogozničkom području ističu se svojim smještajem na povišenim položajima. One su opasane suhozidnim bedemom koji je većinom jednostruk, a dio strme litice obično je uključen u obrambeni sustav. Dvije gradine – Okrubljak i Kremik imaju mjestimična pojačanja zidova. Dosad nisu istražene nastambe na gradinama, a površinski nalazi, uglavnom keramika, datiraju ih u brončano i željezno doba. Od topografski opisanih sedam gradina, nekoliko ih je obuhvaćeno zračnim snimkama i kao takve su prepoznate i objavljene.The prehistoric hillforts in the Primošten/Rogoznica Region are notable for their position at elevated sites. They are enclosed by drystone ramparts, constructed mostly in a single row, with parts of steep cliffs being usually incorporated into their defensive systems. The walls surrounding two hillforts – Okrubljak and Kremik – are reinforced in places. Dwelling structures within the hillforts have not been explored as yet, but surface findings – mostly pottery – date them back to the Bronze and Iron Ages. Out of seven topographically described hillforts, several have been covered by aerial photos and, accordingly, recognised and published

A Look at the Jezerine-type Fibulae in Croatia in View of New Finds from Dragišić

U povodu nekoliko novijih nalaza fibula tipa Jezerine na jugu liburnskog teritorija, konkretno dvije fibule iz Dragišića, načinjena je lista svih nalazišta fibula tipa Jezerine iz Hrvatske. Starija arheološka literatura svrstavala je ovaj oblik fibule s trakastim segmentom luka u skupinu ranih rimskih fibula kasnolatenskog tipa, posebno primjerke iz Siska i istočne Slavonije. Prema novijim klasifikacijama fibula tipa Jezerine, nalazi iz Hrvatske mogu se razvrstati u nekoliko različitih skupina i varijanti. Uz dva nova primjerka fibula tipa Jezerine iz Dragišića, listi smo dodali novoobjavljene nalaze iz Grobnika kao i iz Osora, koji je izostavljen u novijim radovima o fibulama tipa Jezerine. Dotaknuto je pitanje srebrne fibule iz Nezakcija, čije opredjeljenje tipu Jezerine nije usuglašeno. Fibule tipa Jezerine na liburnskom teritoriju kao i drugdje u Hrvatskoj mogu se datirati najranije oko 30. god. pr. Kr., a na eponimnom nalazištu Jezerine (Bosna i Hercegovina) u drugi, odnosno period «b» pete faze i u šestu fazu japodskih nekropola u dolini Une.In view of several new finds of the fibulae of the Jezerine type on the south of the Liburnian territory, namely two fibulae from Dragišić, a list was created of all sites of the Jezerine-type fibulae from Croatia. The earlier archaeological literature placed this fibula shape with a strap bow segment in the group of early Roman fibulae of the late La Tène type, particularly pieces from Sisak and eastern Slavonia. In accordance with recent classifications of fibulae of the Jezerine type, the finds from Croatia can be classified into several different groups and variants. In addition to two new pieces of the Jezerine-type fibulae from Dragišić, we added to the list the newly published finds from Grobnik and Osor which were left out from recent works about fibulae of the Jezerine type. We also deal with the issue of the silver fibula from Nesactium, whose attribution to the Jezerine type is not unanimous. The fibulae of the Jezerine type in the Liburnian territory and elsewhere in Croatia can be dated at the earliest to around 30 B.C., and at the eponymous site of Jezerine (Bosnia and Herzegovina) to the second or ‘’b’’ period of the fifth phase and to the sixth phase of the Iapodian necropolises in the Una valley

Oziđana pećina - rezultati arheoloških istraživanja

Oziđana pećina smještena je na lijevoj strani rijeke Krke iznad Roškog slapa, na području Bogetića Miljevačkog. Na samom je vrhu kanjona, otvora okrenuta prema jugozapadu, usred dvadesetak metara visoke, okomite litice, odakle se pruža pogled na duboki kanjon rijeke, u kojem se ljepotom ističe više manjih slapića koji tvore niz tzv. ogrlica. Naziv je dobila po suhozidu na ulazu nad strmom liticom. Unutrašnjost joj je tunelastog oblika, dužine 59 m, širine najviše do 7 m i visine oko 2,5 m, s dva „dimnjaka“ u stražnjem dijelu. Špilja je i za najvećih kiša uglavnom suha; tek je na nekoliko mjesta vidljivo prokapavanje, koje na kamenom stropu tvori manje cjevaste stalaktite i saljeve, te “razlivene” stalagmite na podu. Godine 1988., tijekom rekognosciranja špilja i jama u kanjonu Krke (u organizaciji Hrvatskog prirodoslovnog muzeja u Zagrebu), u Oziđanoj pećini pronađen je ulomak keramičke posude s karakteristikama hvarske kulturne skupine (mlađi neolitik), na osnovu čega je zaključeno da je u ovaj prirodni objekt zalazio čovjek i služio se njime bilo kao stalnim boravištem bilo kao povremenim skloništem. Taj podatak je potaknuo arheologe da pokušaju istraživanjem potvrditi ispravnost zaključaka koji su se otkrićem tragova ljudske nazočnosti u špilji nametali. Ulazak speleologa u špilju, početkom 2005. godine iznio je na svjetlo dana još nekoliko ulomaka keramike, ovaj put danilske kulturne provenijencije (srednji neolitik). Arheološkim istraživanjima su, da bi se osigurao pristup i omogućio rad, prethodile ozbiljne pripreme (osiguranje spuštanja, gradnja pristupne rampe, osiguranje rasvjete unutrašnjosti...) . Tako su, nakon dugog niza godina od prvog nalaza, konačno organizirana arheološka istraživanja u ovom, držimo, vrlo važnom špiljskom lokalitetu

The genomic history of southeastern Europe

Farming was first introduced to Europe in the mid-seventh millennium bc, and was associated with migrants from Anatolia who settled in the southeast before spreading throughout Europe. Here, to understand the dynamics of this process, we analysed genome-wide ancient DNA data from 225 individuals who lived in southeastern Europe and surrounding regions between 12000 and 500 bc. We document a west-east cline of ancestry in indigenous hunter-gatherers and, in eastern Europe, the early stages in the formation of Bronze Age steppe ancestry. We show that the first farmers of northern and western Europe dispersed through southeastern Europe with limited hunter-gatherer admixture, but that some early groups in the southeast mixed extensively with hunter-gatherers without the sex-biased admixture that prevailed later in the north and west. We also show that southeastern Europe continued to be a nexus between east and west after the arrival of farmers, with intermittent genetic contact with steppe populations occurring up to 2,000 years earlier than the migrations from the steppe that ultimately replaced much of the population of northern Europe.Iain Mathieson … Wolfgang Haak … David Reic

Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age . To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange . There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period. [Abstract copyright: © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.