171 research outputs found

    Diseño de un modelo de departamento de talento humano para la cooperativa de ahorro y crédito Nueva Esperanza Ltda., de la ciudad de Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo

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    El objetivo principal de este trabajo de titulación fue el diseño de un modelo de departamento de talento humano en la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito “Nueva Esperanza Ltda.”, en la ciudad de Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo para el logro de los objetivos. La metodología aplicada en esta investigación tiene enfoque cuantitativo debido a que se estudió la información recopilada de técnicas como la encuesta, de la misma manera se realizó un análisis descriptivo esto de acuerdo con el nivel de investigación seleccionado. Cabe resaltar que el diseño de la investigación fue no experimental porque los datos obtenidos no fueron manipulados en ninguna forma y más bien se presentan en su contexto real. Asimismo, la investigación tuvo dos tipos de estudio: de campo y documental. En el desarrollado de este documento se aplicaron los siguientes métodos deductivo, analítico y sintético mediante los cuales se logró unificar los diversos elementos y formular la propuesta. A través de la metodología se determinó la necesidad de la creación de un departamento de talento humano además de establecer debidamente los procesos de reclutamiento, selección, inducción evaluación de desempeño, capacitación y retención. Como conclusión final se considera implementar tal departamento para generar beneficios a la Cooperativa tanto en productividad, competitividad y mejora del desempeño laboral, esto en favor de los objetivos institucionales. Se recomienda a la cooperativa una vez implementada este modelo, observar con atención la formación y desarrollo de los empleados como pieza fundamental en el éxito empresarial, y laboral como mecanismo de contribución a la cooperativa en el mejoramiento continuo hacia la atención al clienteThe main objective of this study was to design a human talent department model for Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito “Nueva Esperanza Ltda.” located in Riobamba city, province of Chimborazo in order to achieve the objectives established. The methodology applied in this research was quantitative as the information was analized and collected through techniques such as a survey and a descriptive analysis according to the selected level of research. It should be noted that the research design was experimental as the information obtained was not manipulated and it is presented in its real context. Moreover, the study focused on two types of study: a field and a documentary type. For the development of this document the following deductive, analytical and synthetic methods were applied through which it was possible to unify various elements to formulate the proposal. Through the methodology, the need to create a human talent department was determined, in addition to establish the processes of recruitment, selection, induction performance evaluation, training and retention. As a final conclusion, it is considered to implement a new department to generate benefits for the company in terms of productivity, competitiveness and improvement of work performance in benefit of the institutional goals. Once this model has been implemented, the cooperative is recommended to carefully observe the training and development of employees as a fundamental axis for business success as a mechanism to contribute to the continuous improvement of the company in terms of customer servic

    Potential Routes for Thermochemical Biorefineries

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    This critical review focuses on potential routes for the multi-production of chemicals and fuels in the framework of thermochemical biorefineries. The up-to-date research and development in this field has been limited to BTL/G (biomass-to-liquids/gases) studies, where biomass-derived synthesis gas (syngas) is converted into a single product with/without the co-production of electricity and heat. Simultaneously, the interest on biorefineries is growing but mostly refers to the biochemical processing of biomass. However, thermochemical biorefineries (multi-product plants using thermo-chemical processing of biomass) are still the subject of few studies. This scarcity of studies could be attributed to the limitations of current designs of BTL/G for multi-production and the limited number of considered routes for syngas conversion. The use of a platform chemical (an intermediate) brings new opportunities to the design of process concepts, since unlike BTL/G processes they are not restricted to the conversion of syngas in a single-reaction system. Most of the routes presented here are based on old-fashioned and new routes for the processing of coal- and natural-gas-derived syngas, but they have been re-thought for the use of biomass and the multi-production plants (thermochemical biorefinery). The considered platform chemicals are methanol, DME, and ethanol, which are the common products from syngas in BTL/G studies. Important keys are given for the integration of reviewed routes into the design of thermochemical biorefineries, in particular for the selection of the mix of co-products, as well as for the sustainability (co-feeding, CO2 capture, and negative emissions).Ministerio de Educación FPU Program (AP2010-0119)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad ENE2012-3159

    A Milky Way-like barred spiral galaxy at a redshift of 3

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    International audienceThe majority of massive disk galaxies in the local Universe show a stellar barred structure in their central regions, including our Milky Way. Bars are supposed to develop in dynamically cold stellar disks at low redshift, as the strong gas turbulence typical of disk galaxies at high redshift suppresses or delays bar formation. Moreover, simulations predict bars to be almost absent beyond z=1.5z = 1.5 in the progenitors of Milky Way-like galaxies. Here we report observations of ceers-2112, a barred spiral galaxy at redshift zphot3z_{\rm phot} \sim 3, which was already mature when the Universe was only 2 Gyr old. The stellar mass (M=3.9×109MM_{\star} = 3.9 \times 10^9 M_{\odot}) and barred morphology mean that ceers-2112 can be considered a progenitor of the Milky Way, in terms of both structure and mass-assembly history in the first 2 Gyr of the Universe, and was the closest in mass in the first 4 Gyr. We infer that baryons in galaxies could have already dominated over dark matter at z3z \sim 3, that high-redshift bars could form in approximately 400 Myr and that dynamically cold stellar disks could have been in place by redshift z=45z = 4-5 (more than 12 Gyrs ago)

    Near-infrared emission line diagnostics for AGN from the local Universe to redshift 3

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    Optical rest-frame spectroscopic diagnostics are usually employed to distinguish between star formation and AGN-powered emission. However, this method is biased against dusty sources, hampering a complete census of the AGN population across cosmic epochs. To mitigate this effect, it is crucial to observe at longer wavelengths in the rest-frame near-infrared (near-IR), which is less affected by dust attenuation and can thus provide a better description of the intrinsic properties of galaxies. AGN diagnostics in this regime have not been fully exploited so far, due to the scarcity of near-IR observations of both AGNs and star-forming galaxies, especially at redshifts higher than 0.5. Using Cloudy photoionization models, we identify new AGN - star formation diagnostics based on the ratio of bright near-infrared emission lines, namely [SIII] 9530 Angstrom, [CI] 9850 Angstrom, [PII] 1.188 μm\mu m, [FeII] 1.257μm1.257 \mu m, and [FeII] 1.64μm1.64 \mu m to Paschen lines (either Paγ\gamma or Paβ\beta), providing simple, analytical classification criteria. We apply these diagnostics to a sample of 64 star-forming galaxies and AGNs at 0 < z < 1, and 65 sources at 1 < z < 3 recently observed with JWST-NIRSpec in CEERS. We find that the classification inferred from the near-infrared is broadly consistent with the optical one based on the BPT and the [SII]/Hα\alpha ratio. However, in the near-infrared, we find 60%\sim 60 \% more AGNs than in the optical (13 instead of 8), with 5 sources classified as 'hidden' AGNs, showing a larger AGN contribution at longer wavelengths, possibly due to the presence of optically thick dust. The diagnostics we present provide a promising tool to find and characterize AGNs from z=0 to z=3 with low and medium-resolution near-IR spectrographs in future surveys.Comment: Paper accepted for publication in A&A on 05/09/2023. Three public Github repositories include: (1) a table with emission line measurements for the paper sample : https://github.com/Anthony96/Line_measurements_nearIR , Cloudy emission line predictions for star-forming galaxies and AGN models : https://github.com/Anthony96/star-forming_models , https://github.com/Anthony96/AGN_model

    Extremely Red Galaxies at z = 5-9 with MIRI and NIRSpec:Dusty Galaxies or Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei?

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    We study a new population of extremely red objects (EROs) recently discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) based on their NIRCam colors F277W − F444W &gt; 1.5 mag. We find 37 EROs in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey (CEERS) field with F444W &lt; 28 mag and photometric redshifts between 5 &lt; z &lt; 7, with median z = 6.9 − 1.6 + 1.0 . Surprisingly, despite their red long-wavelength colors, these EROs have blue short-wavelength colors (F150W − F200W ∼ 0 mag) indicative of bimodal spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with a red, steep slope in the rest-frame optical, and a blue, flat slope in the rest-frame UV. Moreover, all these EROs are unresolved, point-like sources in all NIRCam bands. We analyze the SEDs of eight of them with MIRI and NIRSpec observations using stellar population models and active galactic nucleus (AGN) templates. We find that dusty galaxies or obscured AGNs provide similarly good SED fits but different stellar properties: massive and dusty, log M ⋆ / M ⊙ ∼ 10 and A V ≳ 3 mag, or low mass and obscured, log M ⋆ / M ⊙ ∼ 7.5 and A V ∼ 0 mag, hosting an obscured quasi-stellar object (QSO). SED modeling does not favor either scenario, but their unresolved sizes are more suggestive of AGNs. If any EROs are confirmed to have log M ⋆ / M ⊙ ≳ 10.5, it would increase the pre-JWST number density at z &gt; 7 by up to a factor ∼60. Similarly, if they are QSOs with luminosities in the L bol &gt; 1045-46 erg s−1 range, their number would exceed that of bright blue QSOs by more than three orders of magnitude. Additional photometry at mid-infrared wavelengths will reveal the true nature of the red continuum emission in these EROs and will place this puzzling population in the right context of galaxy evolution.</p
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