CONS PRODUCTION BETWEEN SYSTEM SHADOWING AND NATURAL LIGHT ON ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE

Abstract— A work of architecture in the design process can not be separated from consideration of aspects of Design Guide (Design Guide Lines Aspect) , which covers the functional aspects, contextual aspects, performance aspects, technical aspects, cost aspects, and aesthetic aspects (image), which together interact, interelasi, and interdependence. Particularly in Indonesia, which is the tropics, is the contextual aspect didak consideration can be avoided, so that the building as a work of architecture able to efficiently utilize the potential of a tropical climate, on the other hand could also counteract the negative influence of the tropical climate. At this time, the energy crisis is the growing issues around the world, considering 40% of energy absorbed by the field of architecture. Bright sky as a source of natural light, is a potential source of tropical should be used efficiently, while the sun should be in the amulet through the technique of shadowing system, because the negative effects of this radiation is a source of heat in the room. In an effort to save energy by using light and sunlight to counteract the facade design is very dependent on the orientation of the building face. In the design process, the response to the character of the building footprint will have an impact also on the orientation of the building face, which is an important consideration from funsional aspects, performance, and aesthetics. Therefore, not all buildings have the opportunity to advance the building orientation to the path of the sun profitable circulation. In a less favorable orientation (more inclined toward the east or west) facade exposed resulting radiation exposure to the sun, this radiation due to the amount of heat gain (heat gain) to enter the building through the openings (light hole) will be effective (significant), and to overcome required no small amount of energy. To avoid this element of deterrence is needed sun (sun shading devices) on the display of the building, especially to be able to overshadow the opening for the skylight. The problem will arise when the consideration of the use of light appears as a natural lighting. This is because, the application of shadowing system of deterrence elements sunlight in architectural design will reduce the effective light-hole as a source of natural lighting. This contradiction is very interesting to find a solution, how far the efficiency of sunlight deterrent element, but at the same time able to keep the hole as the effective light source in an optimal natural lighting. In this case also made possible the breakthrough technology that sun-stress element is once again able to replace the sky light as a source of natural light. Existence of counter-productive systems and the use of light imagery in natural light in architectural design in the context of this is the insight that energyefficient architecture is one of the typology-oriented architecture of global environmental conservation. . Keywords : system shadowing, natural light, energy efficient architecture Pendahuluan Indonesia yang merupakan negara yang terletak daidaerah tropis dengan iklim tropis basah, dapat dikatakan penggunaan energi BBM dan listrik lebih rendah dibanding negara di kawasan sub-tropis yang dapat mencapai 60 persen dari total konsumsi energi. Kondisi ini dikarenakan di negara sub-tropis pada musim dingin membutuhkan energi untuk pemanas ruang bagi semua lapisan masyarakat, sedangkan di Indonesia untuk mengatasi udara yang panas diatasi dengan penggunaan pendingin ruang (AC) yang hanya digunakan pada sejumlah kecil bangunan terutama di daerah perkotaan. Walaupun tindak antisipasi lebih lanjut, pada akhirnya akan memberikan kontribusi penurunan konsumsi energi secara nasional yang signifikan. Bangunan merupakan penyaring faktor alamiah penyebab ketidaknyamanan, seperti hantaran panas akibat paparan radiasi matahari, dan dapat pula sebagai penangkap cahaya alami sebagai potensi tropis untuk penerangan siang hari. Penghematan energi melalui rancang bangun dimaksudkan pada upaya penghematan listrik, baik untuk pendingin udara (AC) maupun penerangan buatan di siang hari. Dengan arti kata lain, strategi perancangan akan mampu memodifikasi iklim luar yang tidak nyaman menjadi iklim ruang yang nyaman dengan konsumsi energi yang rendah. Para arsitek Barat sudah memulai langkahlangkah strategi perancangan bangunan hemat energi sejak terjadinya keisis energi dunia sekitar tahun 1973, ironinya di Indonesia belum terasa adanya ”greget” kalangan arsitek Indonesia secara konsisten menuju upaya bangunan hemat energi

Market orientation and value creation in improving business performance of the fertilizer industry in Indonesia

Purpose: This research aims at examining the effect of market orientation and value creation on business performance of the fertilizer industry in Indonesia. Approach/Methodology/Design: This research used observation using time horizon with cross section one shot in year 2018. Unit of analysis in this research is organic fertilizer company or inorganic with company’s management as the observation unit. The survey was conducted to 35 fertilizer companies in Indonesia. Verification analysis was used to measure quantitative data and hypothesis testing by using PLS (Partial Least Square). Findings: The findings showed that market orientation and value creation had a significant influence in improving business performance in the fertilizer industry in Indonesia. In addition, value creation had a greater role than market orientation in improving business performance.. Practical Implications: The result of this research is expected to give implication for business actor of fertilizer industry in Indonesia as an effort to improve its business performance by increasing value creation supported by increasing market orientation. Originality/Value: The result of this research is expected to give implication for business actor of fertilizer industry in Indonesia as an effort to improve its business performance by increasing value creation supported by increasing market orientation.peer-reviewe

Steroid Hormones and Endocrine Disruptors: Recent Advances in Receptor–Mediated Actions

It has been accepted that receptor-mediated action of steroid hormones depends on both the receptor and the hormonal level. The mechanism of transcription by steroid receptors is mediated by cofactors, which function as co-activators or co-repressors, while their non-genomic actions depend on receptors localized to the cell membrane. Recently, a number of environmental chemicals, which are now termed as endocrine disruptors, have been identified, and their unwanted effects on our lives have become serious problems all over the world. Their adverse effects on endocrine systems in animals, mostly estrogenic or anti-estrogenic, have resulted in reproductive malfunction and developmental disorders. Although aryl hydrocarbons exhibit estrogenic or anti- estrogenic activity through specific interaction with aryl hydrocarbon receptors, other chemicals seem to interact directly with estrogen receptors, α and β forms. In this paper, we surveyed the most recent understanding of endocrine disruptors from the viewpoint of steroid receptor systems. We suggest two potential mechanisms of action for endocrine disruptors. Endocrine distruptors i) directly associate with steroid receptor systems and/or ii) associate with the growth factor or the neurotransmitter receptor systems, and then upregulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades, leading to the ligand-independent activation of steroid receptor systems. Using these steroid receptor-dependent mechanisms, it appears that endocrine disruptors disorder our endocrine systems. We have proposed future suggestions to further understand endocrine disruptors from the viewpoint of steroid receptor systems. Key words: endocrine disruptors; receptor-mediated actions; steroid hormone

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Fenolik dari Kulit Akar Tumbuhan Artocarpus Dadah Miq 63-74

Artocarpus plant  dadah  Miq.  is one of the species of Artocarpus of the Moraceae family that belongs to a rare plant in nature. This plant is known as the main source of phenolic derivative compound that is flavone compound  in  or  tri-oxygenated and terisoprenilasi in C-3 position ,  and also known as the main source of phenolic compound derived flavonoids, aryl-benzofuran, stilbenoid and xanthane flavonoida, which have biological activity as promoters antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, antiimflamatori, antikanker and others. This study aimed to isolate and identify the phenolic compounds contained in plant  A .  dadah obtained from the village of Purwoasri, North Metro District, Metro City, Lampung Province. Research stages include collection and sample preparation and extraction, isolation, and purification of compounds using KCV method, flash chromatography  , KKG, and TLC, while the identification of compounds is performed using ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In the present study, three compounds were isolated, one of which was estimated to be flavonoid compounds based on UV-VIS and IR spectra data which also had high activity against murine leukemia P-388 cells with IC 50  3.1 μg / mL. Based on the IR spectral data for the other two compounds there is a -OH uptake in the region of 3200-3500 cm -1, C = C aromatic uptake in the area of 1600-1400 cm -1 , so it is estimated that both compounds are phenolic group compounds.Tumbuhan Artocarpus dadah Miq.merupakan salah satu spesies Artocarpus dari famili Moraceae yang termasuk tumbuhan langka di alam. Tumbuhan ini dikenal sebagai sumber utama senyawa turunan fenolik yaitu senyawa flavon di atau tri-oksigenasi dan terisoprenilasi pada posisi C-3, dan juga dikenal sebagai sumber utama senyawa fenolik turunan flavonoid, aril-benzofuran, stilbenoid dan santon turunan flavonoida, yang memiliki aktivitas biologi sebagai promotor antitumor, antibakteri, antifungal, antiimflamatori, antikanker dan lain-lain.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi senyawa fenolik yang terkandung dalam tumbuhan A. dadah yang diperoleh dari desa Purwoasri, Kecamatan Metro Utara, Kota Metro, Provinsi Lampung.Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi pengumpulan dan persiapan sampel kemudian ekstraksi, isolasi, dan pemurnian senyawa menggunakan metode KCV, kromatografi flash, KKG, dan KLT, sedangkan identifikasi senyawa dilakukan menggunakan spektroskopi ultraungu-tampak (UV-VIS) dan inframerah (IR). Pada penelitian ini telah berhasil diisolasi tiga senyawa, yang salah satunya diperkirakan senyawa flavonoid berdasarkan data spektrum UV-VIS dan IR yang juga memiliki aktivitas tinggi terhadap sel murine leukemia P-388 dengan IC50 3,1 μg/mL. Berdasarkan data spektrum IR untuk dua senyawa yang lain terdapat serapan –OH pada daerah 3200-3500 cm-1, serapan C=C aromatik di daerah 1600-1400 cm-1, sehingga diperkirakan kedua senyawa tersebut merupakan senyawa golongan fenolik

Steroid Hormones and Endocrine Disruptors: Recent Advances in Receptor–Mediated Actions

It has been accepted that receptor-mediated action of steroid hormones depends on both the receptor and the hormonal level. The mechanism of transcription by steroid receptors is mediated by cofactors, which function as co-activators or co-repressors, while their non-genomic actions depend on receptors localized to the cell membrane. Recently, a number of environmental chemicals, which are now termed as endocrine disruptors, have been identified, and their unwanted effects on our lives have become serious problems all over the world. Their adverse effects on endocrine systems in animals, mostly estrogenic or anti-estrogenic, have resulted in reproductive malfunction and developmental disorders. Although aryl hydrocarbons exhibit estrogenic or anti- estrogenic activity through specific interaction with aryl hydrocarbon receptors, other chemicals seem to interact directly with estrogen receptors, α and β forms. In this paper, we surveyed the most recent understanding of endocrine disruptors from the viewpoint of steroid receptor systems. We suggest two potential mechanisms of action for endocrine disruptors. Endocrine distruptors i) directly associate with steroid receptor systems and/or ii) associate with the growth factor or the neurotransmitter receptor systems, and then upregulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades, leading to the ligand-independent activation of steroid receptor systems. Using these steroid receptor-dependent mechanisms, it appears that endocrine disruptors disorder our endocrine systems. We have proposed future suggestions to further understand endocrine disruptors from the viewpoint of steroid receptor systems. Key words: endocrine disruptors; receptor-mediated actions; steroid hormone

Uji Kualitatif Dan Kuantitatif Golongan Senyawa Organik Dari Kulit Dan Kayu Batang Tumbuhan Artocarpus Dadah Miq

Sekarang ini kimia tumbuhan atau yang dikenal dengan fitokimia telah berkembang menjadi suatu disiplin ilmu tersendiri, yang berada di antara kimia organik bahan alam dan biokimia tumbuhan, serta mempunyai kaitan erat dengan keduanya. Bidang perhatian fitokimia adalah aneka ragam senyawa organik yang dibentuk dan ditimbun oleh tumbuhan, yaitu mengenai struktur kimiannya, biosintesisnya, Perubahan serta metabolismenya, penyebarannya secara alamiah, dan fungsi biologinya. Penentuan secara kualitatif dapat memberikan informasi keberadaan senyawa atau golongan senyawa tertentu, dan kuantitatif memungkinkan kita membedakan mana komponen utama dan mana komponen tambahan dalam campuran. Tumbuhan A. dadah Miq. merupakan salah satu spesies dari Artocarpus. Uji yang dilakukan secara kualitatif meliputi uji tanin, saponin, flavonoid, steroid, terpenoid, dan kardiak glikosida. Uji kuantitatif meliputi uji fenol total, alkaloid, tanin, dan flavonoid. Dari uji yang telah dilakukan, sampel kulit batang positif mengandung senyawa tanin, saponin, flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid, dan kardiakglikosida. Sedangkan sampel kayu batang positif mengandung senyawa tanin, saponin, flavonoid, steroid, terpenoid, dan alkaloid. Sedangkan uji yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif meliputi uji fenol total, tanin, alkaloid, dan uji flavonoid. Dari uji ini, kandungan dalam kulit batang sebesar 0.0529 % untuk fenol total, 27,7176 % tanin, 9,455 % flavonoid, dan 2,756 % alkaloid. Sedangkan dalam kayu batang sebesar 0,5555 % fenol total, 0,8987 % tanin, 3,312 % flavonoid, dan 0,694 % alkaloid

LAPORAN AKHIR PENELITIAN DOSEN PEMULA: KESESUAIAN ANTARA DESAIN INTERIOR TOKO DENGAN RUMAH PUSAKA SAUDAGAR BATIK TERHADAP KARAKTER KAMPUNG BATIK LAWEYAN

Penelitian dengan judul Kesesuain Antara Desain Interior Toko dengan Desain Interior Rumah Pusaka Terhadap Karakter Kampung Batik Laweyan. Target inovasi yang diharapkan adalah identifikasi karakter dan potensi kampung sebagai upaya menciptakan alternatif desain toko cinderamata di Kampung Batik Laweyan sebagai Kampung bernilai pusaka sekaligus sebagai destinasi wisata. Strategi penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Rumusan masalah penelitian: (1) Bagaimana pola organisasi dan sirkulasi ruang rumah pusaka saudagar batik Laweyan dengan toko cinderamata tersebut? (2) Bagaimana persepsi visual (bentuk, material, mebel, aksesoris, dan lain-lain) dan karakter, serta kesan visual yang dibentuk oleh desain interior toko cinderamata yang ada saat ini di Laweyan? Tujuan penelitian ini, (1) mengetahui dan memahami kebutuhan pola organisasi ruang rumah pusaka saudagar batik Laweyan dengan toko cinderamata, (2) mengetahui dan memahami persepsi visual (bentuk, material, mebel, aksesoris, dan lain-lain) dan karakter, serta kesan visual yang dibentuk oleh desain interior toko cinderamata yang ada saat ini di Laweyan. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, analisis dokumen, studi literatur, dan kemudian penyusunan simpulan serta disampaikan solusi alternativ desain. Hasil penelitian yaitu: pagar atau benteng di bagian depan rumah berubah jadi toko dan disewakan ke orang lain tidak mempengaruhi pola sirkulasi pemilik rumah. Rumah warisan saudagar batik kelompok kedua yang berfungsi sebagai rumah tinggal, rumah produksi batik, dan toko memanfaatkan ruang yang ada dengan fungsi yang berbeda. Pola organisasi dan sirkulasi ruang menjadi bagian penting dari aktivitas rumah dan tidak berubah. Persepsi visual belum megedepankan fungsi toko terbagi untuk tata display, area penyimpanan, dan aktual jual beli. Impresi visual (atau kesan) belum membuat konsumen merasakan, mengingat, dan menikmati. Kata Kunci: Desain interior, toko, persepsi dan impresi visual, Laweya

Soil Erosion Prediction Using GIS and RUSLE: Study at Sampean Watershed

Soil Erosion Prediction Using GIS and RUSLE: Study at Sampean Watershed (A Faisol and Indarto): Erosion is one  factor that cause soil degradation in Indonesia. RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) is widely used to predict average annual rate of soil erosion. This research integrate the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geographic Information System (GIS) to predict potential soil erosion losses. Study was conducted at Sampean Watershed where located in Eastern part of East Java. Firstly, GIS layer was obtained from available database that cover East Java Province. All treatment of GIS layer was done using Mapwindows GIS. Furthermore, RUSLE method was used to predict rate of soil erosion from GIS layer treated previously.  Results showed that up to 82% (102,921 ha) area of the watershed have tolerable soil erosion rate