Efectividad de un programa de enseñanza para cuidado domiciliario de pacientes prostatectomizados: ensayo clínico controlado randomizado

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a teaching program for hospital discharge of patients submitted to radical prostatectomy based on the self-efficacy construct of the Cognitive Social Theory. Method: A controlled clinical trial carried out on a 2-month follow-up of 68 prostatectomized men randomized into intervention group (n = 34) and control (n = 34). The intervention group received routine guidance from the service plus the teaching program. The control group only received routine guidance from the service. The data collection instruments were: sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, self-efficacy scale, hospital depression and anxiety scale, household care knowledge questionnaire, and an item on satisfaction with a score of 1 to 5. Results: There was a significant difference between the intragroups for satisfaction (p<0.001) and knowledge (p<0.001) of the pre-test to the post-test. In the intervention group, there were significant changes between the times for anxiety (p=0.011) and knowledge (p<0.001). Conclusion: The teaching program with a combination of oral guidance, written instruction and telephone follow-up was effective in improving knowledge about home care and personal satisfactionObjetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de un programa de enseñanza para alta hospitalaria de pacientes sometidos a la prostatectomía radical, pautado en el constructo de la autoeficacia de la Teoría Social Cognitiva. Método: Ensayo clínico controlado, realizado en seguimiento de dos meses, con 68 hombres prostatectomizados, aleatorizados en grupo de intervención (n=34) y de control (n=34). El grupo de intervención recibió orientaciones de rutina del servicio más el programa de enseñanza. El grupo de control recibió solo orientaciones de rutina del servicio. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron: cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico, escala de autoeficacia, escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria, cuestionario de conocimiento sobre cuidados domiciliarios y un ítem sobre satisfacción con puntaje de 1 a 5. Resultados: Hubo diferencia significativa entre e intra grupos para satisfacción (p<0,001) y conocimiento (p<0,001) de la pre prueba a la post prueba. En el grupo intervención, hubo cambios significativos entre los tiempos para ansiedad (p=0,011) y conocimiento (p<0,001). Conclusión: El programa de enseñanza con combinación de orientación oral, escrita y seguimiento telefónico se mostró efectivo en la mejoría del conocimiento en cuanto a los cuidados domiciliarios y satisfacción de los individuos. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos: RBR-5n95rmObjetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um programa de ensino para alta hospitalar de pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical, pautado no construto da autoeficácia da Teoria Social Cognitiva. Método: Ensaio clínico controlado, realizado em seguimento de 2 meses, com 68 homens prostatectomizados, randomizados em grupo-intervenção (n=34) e controle (n=34). O grupo-intervenção recebeu orientações de rotina do serviço mais o programa de ensino. O grupo-controle recebeu apenas orientações de rotina do serviço. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram: questionário sociodemográfico e clínico, escala de autoeficácia, escala de ansiedade e depressão hospitalar, questionário de conhecimento sobre cuidados domiciliares e um item sobre satisfação com pontuação de 1 a 5. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa entre e intragrupos para satisfação (p<0,001) e conhecimento (p<0,001) do pré-teste para o pós-teste. No grupo-intervenção, houve mudanças significativas entre os tempos para ansiedade (p=0,011) e conhecimento (p<0,001). Conclusão: O programa de ensino com combinação de orientação oral, escrita e acompanhamento telefônico mostrou-se efetivo na melhoria do conhecimento quanto aos cuidados em domicílio e satisfação dos indivíduos. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-5n95rm.Financial support Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Método Jacobson y Truax: evaluación de la efectividad clínica de un programa de enseñanza para cuidado domiciliario pos-prostatectomía

Objective: to exemplify the applicability of the Jacobson and Truax Method in a nursing intervention study that analyzed the effectiveness of a home care teaching program after radical prostatectomy. Method: this is a descriptive study concerning the applicability of the Jacobson and Truax Method in the data analysis of a clinical trial. The intervention consisted of a teaching program for hospital discharge after radical prostatectomy through oral guidance, writing, and telephonic reinforcement. Thirty-four men participated in the intervention group and 34 men participated in the control group. A reliable index of change and clinical significance was calculated for the knowledge variable in both groups. Scatterplots were presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Results: for 30 individuals in the intervention group, the intervention presented clinically relevant change than in knowledge. In the control group, none of the 34 individuals presented clinical significance of the results related to this variable, that is, the statistical significance identified by the inferential tests did not have clinically relevant changes in the knowledge variable. Conclusion: the educational intervention carried out through the combination of oral, written and telephone counseling was shown to be clinically effective in improving knowledge about home care.- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq

FARP1, ARHGEF39, and TIAM2 are essential receptor tyrosine kinase effectors for Rac1-dependent cell motility in human lung adenocarcinoma

Despite the undisputable role of the small GTPase Rac1 in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization, the Rac guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (Rac-GEFs) involved in Rac1-mediated motility and invasion in human lung adenocarcinoma cells remain largely unknown. Here, we identify FARP1, ARHGEF39, and TIAM2 as essential Rac-GEFs responsible for Rac1-mediated lung cancer cell migration upon EGFR and c-Met activation. Noteworthily, these Rac-GEFs operate in a non-redundant manner by controlling distinctive aspects of ruffle dynamics formation. Mechanistic analysis reveals a leading role of the AXL-Gab1-PI3K axis in conferring pro-motility traits downstream of EGFR. Along with the positive association between the overexpression of Rac-GEFs and poor lung adenocarcinoma patient survival, we show that FARP1 and ARHGEF39 are upregulated in EpCam+ cells sorted from primary human lung adenocarcinomas. Overall, our study reveals fundamental insights into the complex intricacies underlying Rac-GEF-mediated cancer cell motility signaling, hence underscoring promising targets for metastatic lung cancer therapy.Fil: Cooke, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Kreider Letterman, Gabriel. University Of Toledo (utoledo); Estados UnidosFil: Baker, Martin James. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Zhang, Suli. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Sullivan, Neil T.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Eruslanov, Evgeniy. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Abba, Martín Carlos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Goicoechea, Silvia M.. University Of Toledo (utoledo); Estados UnidosFil: Garcia Mata, Rafael. University Of Toledo (utoledo); Estados UnidosFil: Kazanietz, Marcelo Gabriel. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unido

Comparison of antibodies that mediate HIV type 1 gp120 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in asymptomatic HIV type 1-positive men and women

Recent studies suggest that HIV-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) antibodies contribute to protective immunity against HIV. An important characteristic of future HIV vaccines will, therefore, be the ability to stimulate production of these antibodies in both men and women. Early studies suggest that men may have a better ADCC antibody response against HIV than women. Our objective was to determine whether men and women differ with respect to their ADCC response to HIV-1 gp120. HIV-positive, asymptomatic untreated men and women were matched for race, age, CD4(+) T cell number, HIV-1 viral load, and treatment and HIV-1 gp120 ADCC antibody titers were compared. A standard (51)Cr-release assay was used to determine HIV-1 gp120 ADCC antibody titers in HIV-1-seropositive individuals from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS; n=32) and the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS; n=32). Both sexes had high ADCC titers against HIV-1 gp120: 34.4% (n=11) and 40.6% (n=13) of men and women, respectively, had titers of 10,000; 62.5% (n=20) and 56.3% (n=18) had titers of 100,000. Groups did not differ in percent specific release (% SR), lytic units (LU), correlations of titer to viral load, or titer to CD4(+) T cells in men or women. Both groups also had similar cross-clade ADCC antibody responses (p>0.5 for % SR and LU). Comparable groups of asymptomatic HIV-1-infected men and women had comparable HIV-1 gp120 ADCC antibodies. Both sexes had significant cross-clade reactivity. Differences between men and women may become evident as disease progresses; this should be evaluated at later stages of HIV-1 infection

Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak hipofisa dan probiotik ABG-O pada anak babi persilangan terhadap peningkatan berat badan sapih, ukuran linear tubuh dan metabolit darah

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving pituitary extract (EH) and probiotics ABG-O on piglets crossing to increase weaning weight, linear size of body and blood metabolites. The research material was a crossbred of landrace and duroc aged 2 weeks, as many as 24 birds. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three treatments and eight replications. The three treatments are P0 (control), P1 (EH injection 1 mL), and P2 (injection EH 1 mL + probiotic ABG-O 2 mL). EH injections are carried out every 5 days and administration of probiotics is given orally using spoit every day until the piglets are weaned. The parameters observed were weight gain, linear size of body and blood metabolites. This data was analyzed by ANOVA and continued with Duncan test. The results of this study indicate that the average daily weight gain of crossbred piglets in treatments P0, P1, and P2 are 0.11; 0.13; 016 kg, body length (0.40; 0.45; 0.44 cm), chest circumference (0.29; 0.27; 0,30 cm), and shoulder height (0.25; 0.24; 0.25 &nbsp;cm). Blood glucose levels (117.31; 112.85; 117.25) and total plasma protein (4.60; 4.90; 4.80). The results of the statistical analysis showed that the EH and ABG probiotic treatments affected the UN (P&lt;0.05) but did not affect (P&gt; 0.05) the size of the linear body and blood metabolites. It can be concluded that the administration of pituitary extracts and ABG probiotics can increase the weaning weight of crossing piglets but does not affect the linear size of the body and blood metabolites. ABSTRAK &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak hipofisa (EH) dan probiotik ABG-O pada anak babi persilangan terhadap peningkatan berat badan sapih, ukuran linear tubuh dan metabolit darah. Materi penelitian yang digunakan adalah anak babi persilangan landrace dan duroc berumur 2 minggu, sebanyak 24 ekor. Rancangan percobaan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga pelakuan dan delapan ulangan yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (injeksi EH 1 mL), dan P2&nbsp; (injeksi EH 1 mL + ABG-O 2 mL). Penyuntikan EH dilakukan setiap 5 hari sekali dan pemberian probiotik diberi secara oral menggunakan spoit setiap hari sampai anak babi disapih. Variabel yang diamati adalah pertambahan berat badan, ukuran linear tubuh dan metabolit darah. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rerata pertambahan berat badan harian anak babi persilangan pada perlakuan P0, P1, dan P2 secara berturut-turut adalah 0,11; 0,13; 016 kg, panjang badan&nbsp;&nbsp; (0,40; 0,45 ;0,44 cm), lingkar dada (0,29; 0,27; 0,30 cm), dan tinggi pundak (0,25;0,24;0,25 cm). Kadar glukosa darah (117,31; 112,85; 117,25) dan total protein plasma (4,60; 4,90; 4,80). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan EH dan probiotik ABG-O memengaruhi PBBH (P&lt;0,05) tetapi tidak memengaruhi (P&gt;0,05) ukuran linear tubuh dan metabolit darah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak hipofisa dan probiotik ABG-O dapat meningkatkan berat badan sapih anak babi persilangan tetapi tidak memengaruhi ukuran linear tubuh dan metabolit darah

Alpine altitude climate treatment for severe and uncontrolled asthma: an EAACI position paper

Currently available European Alpine Altitude Climate Treatment (AACT) programs combine the physical characteristics of altitude with the avoidance of environmental triggers in the alpine climate and a personalized multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation approach. The reduced barometric pressure, oxygen pressure, and air density, the relatively low temperature and humidity, and the increased UV radiation at moderate altitude induce several physiological and immunological adaptation responses. The environmental characteristics of the alpine climate include reduced aeroallergens such as house dust mites (HDM), pollen, fungi, and less air pollution. These combined factors seem to have immunomodulatory effects controlling pathogenic inflammatory responses and favoring less neuro-immune stress in patients with different asthma phenotypes. The extensive multidisciplinary treatment program may further contribute to the observed clinical improvement by AACT in asthma control and quality of life, fewer exacerbations and hospitalizations, reduced need for oral corticosteroids (OCS), improved lung function, decreased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), improved exercise tolerance, and improved sinonasal outcomes. Based on observational studies and expert opinion, AACT represents a valuable therapy for those patients irrespective of their asthma phenotype, who cannot achieve optimal control of their complex condition despite all the advances in medical science and treatment according to guidelines, and therefore run the risk of falling into a downward spiral of loss of physical and mental health. In the light of the observed rapid decrease in inflammation and immunomodulatory effects, AACT can be considered as a natural treatment that targets biological pathways

Overview of BioCreative II gene mention recognition.

Nineteen teams presented results for the Gene Mention Task at the BioCreative II Workshop. In this task participants designed systems to identify substrings in sentences corresponding to gene name mentions. A variety of different methods were used and the results varied with a highest achieved F1 score of 0.8721. Here we present brief descriptions of all the methods used and a statistical analysis of the results. We also demonstrate that, by combining the results from all submissions, an F score of 0.9066 is feasible, and furthermore that the best result makes use of the lowest scoring submissions

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

The 16th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

This paper documents the 16th data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the Southern Hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17)