ЛЕЧЕНИЕ БРАХИМЕТАТАРЗИИ У ДЕТЕЙ

Brachimetatarsia is a malformation of one or more of the metatarsal bones, characterized by its shortening. Abnormal anatomy of the forefoot leads to the convergence of epiphyses of adjacent metatarsals, deformation of the forefeet, including the formation of hallux valgus, pain and cosmetic defects. The authors have conducted the surgical treatment (lengthening the shortened metatarsal bones) in 18 female patients (28 feet, 32 metatarsal bones) and determined the optimal method of surgical correction. Depending on the severity of metatarsal bone shortening 3 methods of surgical treatment were applied: in shortening of less than 1,2 cm -the slide osteotomy; in shortening up to 1.8 cm - a one-staged lengthening of metatarsal bone with autograft; more than 1.8 cm - the distraction osteosynthesis. Due to existing disorders it is advisable to perform restoration of the shortened toe length according to the type of the metatarsal parabola, inherent to the patient. The optimal method of surgical treatment is a one-staged lengthening of the shortened metatarsal bone with the use of autograft from the iliac wing borrowed by means of “window-form” method without damage to the integrity of the apophysis.Брахиметатарзия - это порок развития одной или нескольких плюсневых костей, характеризующийся их укорочением. Нарушенная анатомия переднего отдела стопы вызывает сближение эпифизов соседних плюсневых костей, деформацию всего переднего отдела стопы, включающую формирование hallux valgus, болевой синдром и косметический дефект. Проведено удлинение укороченной плюсневой кости у 18 пациенток (28 стоп, 32 плюсневых кости). В зависимости от степени укорочения плюсневых костей применялись 3 метода хирургического лечения: при укорочении до 1,2 см - скользящая остеотомия; при укорочении до 1,8 см - одномоментное удлинение плюсневой кости аутотрансплантатом; при укорочении свыше 1,8 см - дистракционный остеосинтез. Установлено, что в связи с возникшими нарушениями целесообразно выполнять восстановление длины укороченного луча с учетом типа метатарзальной параболы, присущей данному пациенту. Оптимальным методом оперативного лечения является одномоментное удлинение укороченной плюсневой кости с применением аутотрансплантата из крыла подвздошной кости, заимствованного «окончатым» способом без нарушения целостности апофиза

Sapropel-based supports as novel macroporous carbon-mineral adsorbents for enzymatic active substances

The novel macroporous carbon-mineral Sapropel supports were obtained from lacustrine sapropel silts of freshwater lakes by annealing of semi-coke in the inert atmosphere. The specific surface area of these supports varied from 10 to 100 m2 /g, the total pore volume from 0.3 cm3 /g till 1.6 cm3 /g; macropores of diameters more than 2 μm were predominating. The Sapropel supports were studied for the adsorption/adhesion of enzymatic active substances, such as whole bacterial cells, and invertase-active fully destroyed baker's yeast cells (autolysates), and purified enzyme nitrilase. The heterogeneous biocatalysts with required enzymatic activity were prepared and their properties were studied in the corresponding bioconversion processes. The invertase-active biocatalysts exhibited high activity, 120-135 U/g, and stability; the half-times of their inactivation (t½) were more than 1000 h in the continuous process of sucrose hydrolysis at 50 °С. The nitrilase-active biocatalysts for “green” chemistry of nitriles possessed high activity, 350-500 U/g, and the t½ were estimated to be more than 100 h in the periodic process of hydration of acrylonitrile to acrylic acid at 22 °С

Dispersion relations for field-aligned cyclotron waves in the laboratory dipole magnetospheric plasmas with anisotropic temperature

Dispersion relations are derived for field aligned circularly-polarized waves in a laboratory magnetic dipole plasma. The steady-state bi-maxwellian distribution function is used to model the energetic particles with anisotropic temperature. The growth rate of cyclotron waves in the laboratory magnetosphere is defined by contribution of the resonant trapped and untrapped particles to the imaginary part of the transverse permittivity components.Отримані дисперсійні співвідношення циркулярно-поляризованих хвиль, що поширюються вздовж магнітного поля у лабораторній диполярній магнітосфері. У якості модельного розподілу енергійних частинок у просторі швидкостей використана бімаксвелівська функція з анізотропною температурою. Доведено що інкремент циклотронних хвиль в лабораторній магнітосфері визначається внеском резонансних пролітних та захоплених частинок в уявну частину поперечних компонент тензора діелектричної проникності.Получены дисперсионные уравнения циркулярно-поляризованных волн, распространяющихся вдоль магнитного поля в лабораторной диполярной магнитосфере. В качестве модельного распределения энергичных частиц по скоростям использована бимаксвелловская функция с анизотропной температурой. Показано, что инкремент циклотронных волн в лабораторной магнитосфере определяется вкладом резонансных пролетных и запертых частиц в мнимую часть поперечных компонент тензора диэлектрической проницаемости

Temporal evolution of the lower hybrid cavities in the ionosphere plasma due to turbulent diffusion

The problem of evolution and disappearance of the lower hybrid cavities that are observed in the plasma of the Earth’s ionosphere is solved. It is assumed that the destruction of the cavity is caused by turbulent diffusion of plasma, which arises due to the drift instability of radially inhomogeneous plasma. The initial plasma density distribution on the radius in the cavity is considered to be the inverse Gaussian distribution. A solution of the diffusion equation is obtained, which at any time determines the radial dependence of the plasma density in the cavity. In the asymptotic limit t →∞ the plasma density in the cavity becomes equal to the density of the surrounding plasma.Вирішується проблема еволюції і зникнення нижньогібридних порожнин, які спостерігаються в плазмі іоносфери Землі. Передбачається, що руйнування порожнини викликане турбулентною дифузією плазми, яка виникає через дрейфову нестійкість радіально-неоднорідної плазми. В якості початкового радіального розподілу щільності плазми в порожнині розглядається зворотній розподіл Гаусcа. Отримано рішення рівняння дифузії, яке в будь-який момент часу визначає залежність від радіуса щільності плазми в порожнині. Показано, що в асимптотичній границі t → ∞ щільність плазми в порожнині стає рівною щільності навколишньої плазми.Решается проблема эволюции и исчезновения нижнегибридных полостей, наблюдаемых в плазме ионосферы Земли. Предполагается, что разрушение полости вызвано турбулентной диффузией плазмы, которая возникает из-за дрейфовой неустойчивости радиально-неоднородной плазмы. В качестве начального радиального распределения плотности плазмы в полости рассматривается обратное распределение Гаусса. Получено решение уравнения диффузии, которое в любой момент времени определяет зависимость от радиуса плотности плазмы в полости. Показано, что в асимптотическом пределе t → ∞ плотность плазмы в полости становится равной плотности окружающей плазмы

Fragmentation and Multifragmentation of 10.6A GeV Gold Nuclei

We present the results of a study performed on the interactions of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions. In a minimum bias sample of 1311 interac- tions, 5260 helium nuclei and 2622 heavy fragments were observed as Au projec- tile fragments. The experimental data are analyzed with particular emphasis of target separation interactions in emulsions and study of criticalexponents. Multiplicity distributions of the fast-moving projectile fragments are inves- tigated. Charged fragment moments, conditional moments as well as two and three -body asymmetries of the fast moving projectile particles are determined in terms of the total charge remaining bound in the multiply charged projectile fragments. Some differences in the average yields of helium nuclei and heavier fragments are observed, which may be attributed to a target effect. However, two and three-body asymmetries and conditional moments indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of target mass. We looked for evidence of critical point observable in finite nuclei by study the resulting charged fragments distributions. We have obtained the values for the critical exponents gamma, beta and tau and compare our results with those at lower energy experiment (1.0A GeV data). The values suggest that a phase transition like behavior, is observed.Comment: latex, revtex, 28 pages, 12 figures, 3tables, submitted to Europysics Journal

ϒ production in p–Pb collisions at √sNN=8.16 TeV

ϒ production in p–Pb interactions is studied at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision √sNN = 8.16 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The measurement is performed reconstructing bottomonium resonances via their dimuon decay channel, in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals 2.03 < ycms < 3.53 and −4.46 < ycms < −2.96, down to zero transverse momentum. In this work, results on the ϒ(1S) production cross section as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum are presented. The corresponding nuclear modification factor shows a suppression of the ϒ(1S) yields with respect to pp collisions, both at forward and backward rapidity. This suppression is stronger in the low transverse momentum region and shows no significant dependence on the centrality of the interactions. Furthermore, the ϒ(2S) nuclear modification factor is evaluated, suggesting a suppression similar to that of the ϒ(1S). A first measurement of the ϒ(3S) has also been performed. Finally, results are compared with previous ALICE measurements in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV and with theoretical calculations.publishedVersio

(Anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions at 1as=13TeV

The study of (anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions has proven to be a powerful tool to investigate the formation mechanism of loosely bound states in high-energy hadronic collisions. In this paper the production of (anti-)deuterons is studied as a function of the charged particle multiplicity in inelastic pp collisions at s=13 TeV using the ALICE experiment. Thanks to the large number of accumulated minimum bias events, it has been possible to measure (anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions up to the same charged particle multiplicity (d Nch/ d \u3b7 3c 26) as measured in p\u2013Pb collisions at similar centre-of-mass energies. Within the uncertainties, the deuteron yield in pp collisions resembles the one in p\u2013Pb interactions, suggesting a common formation mechanism behind the production of light nuclei in hadronic interactions. In this context the measurements are compared with the expectations of coalescence and statistical hadronisation models (SHM)

Measurement of jet suppression in central Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV

The transverse momentum(p(T)) spectrum and nuclear modification factor (R-AA) of reconstructed jets in 0-10% and 10-30% central Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV were measured. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-k(T) jet algorithm with a resolution parameter of R = 0.2 from charged and neutral particles, utilizing the ALICE tracking detectors and Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). The jet p(T) spectra are reported in the pseudorapidity interval of \eta(jet)\ 5 GeV/c to suppress jets constructed from the combinatorial background in Pb-Pb collisions. The leading charged particle requirement applied to jet spectra both in pp and Pb-Pb collisions had a negligible effect on the R-AA. The nuclear modification factor R-AA was found to be 0.28 +/- 0.04 in 0-10% and 0.35 +/- 0.04 in 10-30% collisions, independent of p(T), jet within the uncertainties of the measurement. The observed suppression is in fair agreement with expectations from two model calculations with different approaches to jet quenching. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe