Perianalinis pūlinys, diagnozuotas praėjus daug laiko po praryto svetimkūnio: klinikinis atvejis

Abscesses and fistulas are common findings of the perianal space in surgery. In most cases, they are cryptogenic, though can be caused by other pathological events. It could be an impaction of a foreign body. While retrogradally inserted artefact immediately causes pain, an ingested foreign body can persist in an organism a long time before the significant symptoms appear. A rare clinical case: 42-years-old female presented to Vilnius University Hospital “Santariškių klinikos“ with chronic pain and discomfort in a sacrococcygeal region due to a purulent wound after pilonidal sinus abscessotomy performed 7 months ago. Following thorough examination – a wide local excision of the perianal tissue was performed. Abscesses and both fistula canals which were found during examination were removed. During the operation, dental bur was found inside one of the abscesses – predominantly causing the infection. Ingested foreign body may persist in an organism undetected for a considerable period of time. When impacted into perianal space it causes infection of soft tissue. Carefully collected medical history could help consider this cause even though no fistulas in ano are found.Abscesai bei fistulės – dažnai pasitaikantys perianalinės srities dariniai. Paprastai jie būna kriptogeninės kilmės, tačiau juos gali išprovokuoti ir kitos priežastys. Viena jų – į perianalinius audinius patekęs svetimkūnis. Retrogradinis patekimas pastebimas ir iškart sukelia skausmą, o pro burną patekęs svetimkūnis gali likti nepastebėtas ir išbūti organizme ilgą laiką, kol atsiranda ryškūs simptomai. Aprašome retą klinikinį atvejį, kai 42 metų moteris kreipėsi į Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikas dėl 7 mėnesius po atliktos pilonidinio sinuso abscesotomijos pūliuojančios pooperacinės žaizdos ir su tuo susijusio skausmo bei diskomforto uodegikaulio srityje. Po papildomų tyrimų atlikta plati abscesotomija ir pašalinti abu tyrimų metu rasti fistulių kanalai. Operacijos metu pūlinio ertmėje rastas svetimkūnis – odontologinis grąžtas, kuris, numanoma, sukėlė abscesus bei fistules. Nurytas svetimkūnis gali ilgai išbūti organizme nepastebėtas. Įsitvirtinęs perianalinėje srityje, sukelia aplinkinių audinių uždegimą. Tinkamai surinkus anamnezę reikėtų įvertinti šios uždegimo etiologijos tikimybę netgi nesant fistulės angų analiniame kanale bei išangėje

Dešiniosios hemikolektomijos vieno pjūvio laparoskopinė operacija: dviejų atvejų aprašymas

Single incision procedures are evolving as part of minimally invasive surgery. In 2008, the SILS approach was first described for a right hemicolectomy. We report and describe the first two transumbilical single incision laparoscopic right hemicolectomies for benign disease, which were performed in Lithuania Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos.Vieno pjūvio chirurginės procedūros vystosi kaip minimaliai invazinės chirurgijos dalis. Dešinioji hemikolektomija, atlikta SILS būdu, pirmą kartą aprašyta 2008 metais. Mes aprašome pirmąsias dvi laparoskopines transumbilikalines vieno pjūvio dešiniąsias hemikolektomijas, atliktas Vilniaus universiteto ligoninėje Santariškių klinikos

Tiesiosios žarnos iškritimo chirurginis gydymas – vieno centro patirtis

BackgroundNo consensus on the optimal procedure for repair of rectal prolapse (RP) exist. We present the results of our 10 year experience of Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos.Patients and methodsRetrospective review was performed of the patients, operated on for rectal prolapse between 2005 and 2016. Patients were divided into two groups – internal recal prolapse (IRP) and complete rectal prolapse (CRP). Perioperative data between two groups were analysed. Statistical data analysis was carried out using the SPSS 20.0 software. To assess the difference between rectal prolapse groups of statistical methods the χ2 test was used. Data were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results89 patients between 2005 and 2016 underwent surgical treatment for rectal prolapse at our department. IRP group included 52 (58,4%), CRP – 37 (41,6%) patients. The male/female ratio was 1/6,4, the mean age was 58,3±15,2 years. Defecography was performed for 29 (32,6%)patients in IRP group and for 12 (13,5%) – in CRP group (p<0,001). 7 (7,9%) patients in CRP group had previous surgical procedure for RP while in IRP group there were none (p=0,02). The most common management of IRP included 6 strategies (n=25, 67,5% of group); of CRP – 3 different procedures (n=38, 73,1% of group) (p=0,003). Mean hospital stay in IRP group was significantly (p=0,014) longer (9,78±4,6 days) than in CRP group (7,58±3,7 days). Mortality rate was 0 %. Mean follow-up (14 patients) was 20,93±17,21 months.ConclusionThere is no evidence-based consensus regarding treatment of rectal prolapse. Management of IRP covered a more diverse range of surgical options, including of open approach. Thus, hospital stay was longer, but no mortality occurred. Further follow-up for evaluation of long-term outcome is necessary.ĮvadasDėl vienos tiesiosios žarnos iškritimo gydymo strategijos nesutariama. Mes apžvelgėme tiesiosios žarnos iškritimo gydymą Vilniaus universiteto ligoninėje Santariškių klinikose.Pacientai ir metodaiRetrospektyviai tirti pacientai, operuoti dėl tiesiosios žarnos iškritimo 2005–2016 metais. Pacientai suskirstyti į dvi grupes – viso storio iškritimo (CRP) ir vidinio iškritimo (IRP). Buvo palyginti perioperaciniai grupių duomenys. Duomenys apdoroti statistinio duomenų paketo SPSS 20.0 versija. Skirtumas tarp grupių lygintas remiantis chi kvadrato testu, vertintas kaip reikšmingas,jei p vertė buvo < 0,05.RezultataiMinėtu laikotarpiu operuoti 89 pacientai. Dėl vidinio iškritimo – 52 (58,4 %), dėl viso storio iškritimo – 37 (41,6 %). Vyrų ir moterų santykis buvo 1/6,4, vidutinis amžius – 58,3 ± 15,2 metų. Defekografija atlikta 29 (32,6 %) IRP grupės ir 12 (13,5 %) – CRP grupės pacientams (p < 0,001). Septyni (7,9 %) CRP grupės pacientai praeityje buvo operuoti dėl tiesiosios žarnos iškritmo, o IRP grupėje anksčiau operuotų pacientų nebuvo (p=0,02). IRP grupės pacientai buvo operuoti šešiais būdais, o CRP – trimis būdais (p = 0,003). Vidutinė IRP grupės pacientų hospitalizacijos trukmė buvo ilgesnė (p = 0,014) (9,78 ± 4,6 dienos) negu CRP grupės (7,58 ± 3,7 dienos). Mirštamumas buvo 0 %. Vidutinė 14 pacientų stebėjimo trukmė buvo 20,93±17,21 mėnesio.IšvadaIki šiol nesutariama dėl to, kuri operacija tinkamiausia sergantiesiems tiesiosios žarnos iškritimu. Laparoskopinė ventralinė rektopeksija tinkleliu šiuo metu yra populiariausia operacija šiai ligai gydyti

Transanalinė totalinė mezorektalinė ekscizija (taTME): pirmoji mūsų patirtis

Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is a new natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery modality combined of three rectal surgery techniques. Detailed analysis of the taTME is the object of this article. We submit the report of three taTME procedures for histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma that were performed for the first time in Lithuania, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos.Transanalinė totalinė mezorektalinė ekscizija (taTME) yra naujas endoskopinis natūralių angų chirurgijos būdas, susidedantis iš trijų tiesiosios žarnos chirurginių metodų. Šiame straipsnyje detaliai aprašoma taTME chirurginė technika bei pristatomos pirmosios trys taTME procedūros, kurios buvo atliktos Vilniaus universiteto ligoninėje Santariškių klinikose

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Treatment of rectal tumors with transanal endoscopic microsurgery

The aim of this study was to assess one and a half years experience gained in Lithuania while treating rectal tumors with transanal endoscopic microsurgery in the Centre of Abdominal Surgery of Vilnius University Hospital “Santariškių klinikos“. Materials and methods. The patients who had rectal adenomas and low-risk T1 carcinomas of good or moderate differentiation, with no lymphatic and vascular invasion were selected for surgery. Tumor stage was determined by transanal endosonoscopy and rectoscopy with multiple macrobiopsies before surgery. Results. A total of 47 patients were operated on. The average tumor size was 3.4±1.4 cm (ranged from 1 to 7 cm). Overall 25 (52.1%) carcinomas and 23 (47.9%) adenomas were removed. Pre-operative diagnoses did not correspond to the final clinical diagnoses in 14 (29.8%) cases. Forty-three (89.6%) radical operations (R0) and 5 (10.6%) doubtful complete operations (RX) were performed. One (2.1%) intra-operative complication and one (2.1%) post-operative complication were observed. After the removal of Ca T2 three patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. Twenty-six patients were followed up for 3–17 months after operation: 17 after removal of cancer and 9 after removal of adenoma. One (2.1%) recurrence of a tubulovillous adenoma was diagnosed. No other complications were reported. Conclusions. Initial results of transanal endoscopic microsurgery obtained while treating rectal adenomas and low-risk T1 cancers are promising. The low rate of complications and recurrences in this group offers many hopes. The experience of the treatment of T2 cancers with transanal endoscopic microsurgery and adjuvant radiotherapy is limited but the results are encouraging. It is obvious that the results of randomized and controlled trials need to be awaited before definite conclusions can be drawn

Common bile duct villous adenoma: a case report and review of the literature

Background: According to the literature, benign bile duct tumors are exceedingly uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, we report the largest extrahepatic bile duct villous adenoma described in the literature. Case presentation: We present a case of a 77-year-old Caucasian woman with obstructive jaundice. Laboratory tests revealed that she had elevated bilirubin and liver enzyme levels. A computed tomographic scan showed a homogeneous 5 × 3–cm mass obstructing the common bile duct. The results of brush cytology were consistent with a bile duct villous papilloma. However, on the basis of the tumor’s radiological features, a preliminary diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct malignant tumor was made. After discussion among the multidisciplinary team, a surgical resection of the bile duct tumor was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed a villous adenoma. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusions: In patients with bulky extrahepatic bile duct tumors, surgical resection alone may be safe and curative

Laparoscopically assisted colonoscopic polypectomy – viable option for curative surgery in elderly patients

Introduction : Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the fourth most frequent cause of cancer-related death in the world. CRC screening programs have been widely introduced worldwide, allowing for early detection and removal of precancerous lesions and avoiding major surgical intervention. However, not all polyps are suitable for conventional and advanced colonoscopic polypectomy. Thus, laparoscopically assisted colonoscopic polypectomy (LACP) was introduced to clinical practice as a method of choice for these polyps and adenomas. Aim: To overlook our experience in laparoscopically assisted colonoscopic polypectomies and evaluate effectiveness and quality of the procedure. Material and methods : A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was performed. using the Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos patient database for the period from 2010 to 2016, resulting in 21 cases in which LACP was performed. All procedures were performed using combined laparoscopy and videocolonoscopy techniques. Morphology of adenomas was classified according to the Paris classification during the procedure. Creation of the database was approved by the Lithuanian Bioethics committee. Results: Twenty-two adenomas were removed from 21 patients, aged 65.33 ±8.9. There was no difference between male and female age, but occurrence of adenomas in females was 2-fold higher. The majority of removed lesions were localized in the cecum and mean size was 27.2 ±11.1 mm. The morphology of adenomas was distributed equally between 0–Is, 0–Ip, and 0–IIa, except one, which belonged to 0–III. Histological analysis revealed that tubulovillous adenoma occurrence was 1.4 times higher than tubulous adenoma. There was only one postoperative complication – bleeding from the adenoma resection site, which was managed by conservative means. One patient developed G2 adenocarcinoma at the polyp resection site and was referred for radical surgery. Conclusions : The LACP is a safe procedure with minimal risk to the elderly patient. Patient follow-up is essential for detection of recurrence