Transport of Pathogen Surrogates in Soil Treatment Units: Numerical Modeling

Segmented mesocosms (n = 3) packed with sand, sandy loam or clay loam soil were used to determine the effect of soil texture and depth on transport of two septic tank effluent (STE)-borne microbial pathogen surrogates—green fluorescent protein-labeled E. coli (GFPE) and MS-2 coliphage—in soil treatment units. HYDRUS 2D/3D software was used to model the transport of these microbes from the infiltrative surface. Mesocosms were spiked with GFPE and MS-2 coliphage at 105 cfu/mL STE and 105–106 pfu/mL STE, respectively. In all soils, removal rates were \u3e99.99% at 25 cm. The transport simulation compared (1) optimization; and (2) trial-and-error modeling approaches. Only slight differences between the transport parameters were observed between these approaches. Treating both the die-off rates and attachment/detachment rates as variables resulted in an overall better model fit, particularly for the tailing phase of the experiments. Independent of the fitting procedure, attachment rates computed by the model were higher in sandy and sandy loam soils than clay, which was attributed to unsaturated flow conditions at lower water content in the coarser-textured soils. Early breakthrough of the bacteria and virus indicated the presence of preferential flow in the system in the structured clay loam soil, resulting in faster movement of water and microbes through the soil relative to a conservative tracer (bromide)

Canonical Analysis of the Jackiw-Teitelboim Model in the Temporal Gauge. I. The Classical Theory

As a preparation for its quantization in the loop formalism, the 2-dimensional gravitation model of Jackiw and Teitelboim is analysed in the classical canonical formalism. The dynamics is of pure constraints as it is well-known. A partial gauge fixing of the temporal type being performed, the resulting second class constraints are sorted out and the corresponding Dirac bracket algebra is worked out. Dirac observables of this classical theory are then calculated.Comment: 15 pages, Latex. Misprint correction

Top-BESS model and its phenomenology

We introduce the top-BESS model which is the effective description of the strong electroweak symmetry breaking with a single new SU(2)_L+R triplet vector resonance. The model is a modification of the BESS model in the fermion sector. The triplet couples to the third generation of quarks only. This approach reflects a possible extraordinary role of the top quark in the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. The low-energy limits on the model parameters found provide hope for finding sizable signals in the LHC Drell-Yan processes as well as in the s-channel production processes at the ILC. However, there are regions of the model parameter space where the interplay of the direct and indirect fermion couplings can hide the resonance peak in a scattering process even though the resonance exists and couples directly to top and bottom quarks.Comment: published in Physical Review D, minor changes in text, 21 pages, 37 figure

Loop Quantization of the Supersymmetric Two-Dimensional BF Model

In this paper we consider the quantization of the 2d BF model coupled to topological matter. Guided by the rigid supersymmetry this system can be viewed as a super-BF model, where the field content is expressed in terms of superfields. A canonical analysis is done and the constraints are then implemented at the quantum level in order to construct the Hilbert space of the theory under the perspective of Loop Quantum Gravity methods.Comment: 17 pages, Late

EFECTO DE LA PRESENCIA DE CLORO EN CATALIZADORES Pd/γ-Al2O3 SOBRE LA REACCIÓN DE HIDRODESULFURACIÓN DE DIBENZOTIOFENO

ResumenEn este trabajo se estudió la influencia de la presencia del cloro en catalizadores Pd/γ-Al2O3, buscando entender la razón de la mejora en la actividad observada en la reacción de hidrodesulfuración (HDS) del dibenzotiofeno (DBT), cuando estos catalizadores se preparan con precursores clorados comparados con otros preparados con precursores orgánicos como acetilacetonatos. Para lograr este objetivo, se analizó el efecto de la incorporación del Cl antes y después de la sal de Pd y el efecto del cambio de las temperaturas de calcinación y de reducción de los catalizadores. Las propiedades ácido-base del catalizador fueron determinadas utilizando el método de distribución de afinidad de protones, lo cual permitió correlacionar la naturaleza y concentración de los diferentes sitios OH presentes en la superficie del catalizador con el comportamiento catalítico. Los resultados mostraron que la presencia de Cl en el catalizador genera cambios en las propiedades ácidas del soporte, creando posiblemente nuevos sitios ácidos Brönsted, lo cual tiene un efecto positivo en la HDS del DBT. Además se observó un aumento importante en la selectividad hacia la ruta de hidrogenación, cuando los catalizadores que contienen cloro son activados a baja temperatura (473 K).Palabras Clave: orden de impregnación, temperatura de calcinación, temperatura de reducción, hidrogenación  AbstractIn this work, the influence of chlorine in Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts was studied, in order to understand the reason of the improvement in the conversion observed in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzotiophene (DBT), when these catalysts are prepared from chlorided precursors compared to those prepared from acetylacetonates. In order to achieve this objective, the effect of the incorporation of Cl before and after the Pd salt, and the effect of changing catalysts calcinations and reduction temperatures was analyzed. The acid-base properties of the catalyst were determined using the Proton Affinity Distribution method, which allowed correlating the nature and concentration of the different OH sites present in the catalyst’s surface with the catalytic behavior. The results showed that the presence of Cl in the catalyst generates changes in the acid properties of the support, possibly creating new acid Brönsted sites, presenting a positive effect in the HDS of the DBT. It was also was observed a very important increase in the selectivity to HYD when the catalysts containing chlorine were activated at low temperature (473 K).Keywords: impregnation order, reduction temperature, calcination temperature, hydrogenatio

EFECTO DE LA PRESENCIA DE CLORO EN CATALIZADORES Pd/γ-Al2O3 SOBRE LA REACCIÓN DE HIDRODESULFURACIÓN DE DIBENZOTIOFENO

ResumenEn este trabajo se estudió la influencia de la presencia del cloro en catalizadores Pd/γ-Al2O3, buscando entender la razón de la mejora en la actividad observada en la reacción de hidrodesulfuración (HDS) del dibenzotiofeno (DBT), cuando estos catalizadores se preparan con precursores clorados comparados con otros preparados con precursores orgánicos como acetilacetonatos. Para lograr este objetivo, se analizó el efecto de la incorporación del Cl antes y después de la sal de Pd y el efecto del cambio de las temperaturas de calcinación y de reducción de los catalizadores. Las propiedades ácido-base del catalizador fueron determinadas utilizando el método de distribución de afinidad de protones, lo cual permitió correlacionar la naturaleza y concentración de los diferentes sitios OH presentes en la superficie del catalizador con el comportamiento catalítico. Los resultados mostraron que la presencia de Cl en el catalizador genera cambios en las propiedades ácidas del soporte, creando posiblemente nuevos sitios ácidos Brönsted, lo cual tiene un efecto positivo en la HDS del DBT. Además se observó un aumento importante en la selectividad hacia la ruta de hidrogenación, cuando los catalizadores que contienen cloro son activados a baja temperatura (473 K).Palabras Clave: orden de impregnación, temperatura de calcinación, temperatura de reducción, hidrogenación  AbstractIn this work, the influence of chlorine in Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts was studied, in order to understand the reason of the improvement in the conversion observed in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzotiophene (DBT), when these catalysts are prepared from chlorided precursors compared to those prepared from acetylacetonates. In order to achieve this objective, the effect of the incorporation of Cl before and after the Pd salt, and the effect of changing catalysts calcinations and reduction temperatures was analyzed. The acid-base properties of the catalyst were determined using the Proton Affinity Distribution method, which allowed correlating the nature and concentration of the different OH sites present in the catalyst’s surface with the catalytic behavior. The results showed that the presence of Cl in the catalyst generates changes in the acid properties of the support, possibly creating new acid Brönsted sites, presenting a positive effect in the HDS of the DBT. It was also was observed a very important increase in the selectivity to HYD when the catalysts containing chlorine were activated at low temperature (473 K).Keywords: impregnation order, reduction temperature, calcination temperature, hydrogenatio

Dissecting the long-term emission behaviour of the BL Lac object Mrk 421

We report on long-term multiwavelengthmonitoring of blazar Mrk 421 by the GLAST-AGILE Support Program of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (GASP-WEBT) collaboration and Steward Observatory, and by the Swift and Fermi satellites. We study the source behaviour in the period 2007–2015, characterized by several extreme flares. The ratio between the optical, X-ray and γ -ray fluxes is very variable. The γ -ray flux variations show a fair correlation with the optical ones starting from 2012.We analyse spectropolarimetric data and find wavelengthdependence of the polarization degree (P), which is compatible with the presence of the host galaxy, and no wavelength dependence of the electric vector polarization angle (EVPA). Optical polarimetry shows a lack of simple correlation between P and flux and wide rotations of the EVPA.We build broad-band spectral energy distributions with simultaneous near-infrared and optical data from the GASP-WEBT and ultraviolet and X-ray data from the Swift satellite. They show strong variability in both flux and X-ray spectral shape and suggest a shift of the synchrotron peak up to a factor of ∼50 in frequency. The interpretation of the flux and spectral variability is compatible with jet models including at least two emitting regions that can change their orientation with respect to the line of sight.http://10.0.4.69/mnras/stx2185Accepted manuscrip

Phospho-epitope binding by the BRCT domains of hPTIP controls multiple aspects of the cellular response to DNA damage

Human (h)PTIP plays important but poorly understood roles in cellular responses to DNA damage. hPTIP interacts with 53BP1 tumour suppressor but only when 53BP1 is phosphorylated by ATM after DNA damage although the mechanism(s) and significance of the interaction of these two proteins are unclear. Here, we pinpoint a single ATM-phosphorylated residue in 53BP1—Ser25—that is required for binding of 53BP1 to hPTIP. Binding of phospho-Ser25 to hPTIP in vitro and in vivo requires two closely apposed pairs of BRCT domains at the C-terminus of hPTIP and neither pair alone can bind to phospho-Ser25, even though one of these BRCT pairs in isolation can bind to other ATM-phosphorylated epitopes. Mutations in 53BP1 and in hPTIP that prevent the interaction of the two proteins, render cells hypersensitive to DNA damage and weaken ATM signalling. The C-terminal BRCT domains of hPTIP are also required for stable retention of hPTIP at sites of DNA damage but this appears to be independent of binding to 53BP1. Thus, the BRCT domains of hPTIP play important roles in the cellular response to DNA damage

Diagnóstico de enfermedades virales en cultivos tropicales: Tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.), palma de aceite africana (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) y yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz).

6964

Charge separation relative to the reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}= 2.76 TeV

Measurements of charge dependent azimuthal correlations with the ALICE detector at the LHC are reported for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV. Two- and three-particle charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in the pseudo-rapidity range $|\eta| < 0.8$ are presented as a function of the collision centrality, particle separation in pseudo-rapidity, and transverse momentum. A clear signal compatible with a charge-dependent separation relative to the reaction plane is observed, which shows little or no collision energy dependence when compared to measurements at RHIC energies. This provides a new insight for understanding the nature of the charge dependent azimuthal correlations observed at RHIC and LHC energies.Comment: 12 pages, 3 captioned figures, authors from page 2 to 6, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/286