The Effects of Criminal Evidence Obtained Illegally

The effects of illegal criminal evidence and its role in the procedures and their impact on the accused to know the authenticity of the criminal evidence obtained illegally. In addition, it supports all legal professionals, and resulting from the criminal investigation and scientific and technological developments in the modern era. The importance of modern forensic evidence in this field has increased with the scientific development and technology and the use of various rapid developments in modern scientific ways to try to get rid of crimes that are difficult for the old methods to detect.  The justice apparatus needs legal and scientific basis to supports criminal evidence so that it is fair in front of everyone and far from misleading. The effects of illegal criminal evidence must be dealt with by setting laws that keep pace with modern developments and banishing illegal evidence in order to rid the innocent accused of the crimes against you without legitimate evidence

Phenotypic continuum of NFU1-related disorders.

Bi-allelic variants in Iron-Sulfur Cluster Scaffold (NFU1) have previously been associated with multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 1 (MMDS1) characterized by early-onset rapidly fatal leukoencephalopathy. We report 19 affected individuals from 10 independent families with ultra-rare bi-allelic NFU1 missense variants associated with a spectrum of early-onset pure to complex hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) phenotype with a longer survival (16/19) on one end and neurodevelopmental delay with severe hypotonia (3/19) on the other. Reversible or irreversible neurological decompensation after a febrile illness was common in the cohort, and there were invariable white matter abnormalities on neuroimaging. The study suggests that MMDS1 and HSP could be the two ends of the NFU1-related phenotypic continuum

The Reality of Distant Education and Its Contributions to University Education in Saudi Arabia: Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University as a Model

This study examines distance education at Saudi Arabia’s Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. So, 705 faculty members were picked from 2114 study participants. The primary data of the effective study tool was processed quantitatively descriptively (the questionnaire). The study indicated that the sample members agreed on distance education requirements to tackle university educational difficulties. The average sample member approval of distance education barriers was 3.25 with a 0.54 standard deviation. The research sample approval for distant education in university academic challenges was 2.92 with a standard deviation of 0.35. As a result of the gender variable in the (requirements-contributions) dimensions, there were statistically significant differences (α ≤ 0.05) in the study sample’s average responses concerning the requirements, hurdles, and contributions of distant education to address university educational crises. In all categories, scientific specialization did not cause statistically significant changes (≤0.05). No statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) were attributed to the effect of scientific rank in the (obstacles-contributions) dimensions only, while the significance of the statistical estimate for the impact of scientific rank on the requirements dimension only favored an assistant professor. In the dimensions (requirements and obstacles), only the experience variable showed statistically significant variations (α ≤ 0.05). The essential study proposal is to establish a qualitative strategy to achieve comprehensive quality requirements for remote education programs, provide a supportive administrative environment, and increase faculty knowledge and efficiency in distance education to prevent educational crises

Determination of residues of pesticides, anabolic steroids, antibiotics, and antibacterial compounds in meat products in Oman by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Background and Aim: Meat is a rich source of many nutrients and plays a vital role in human life however, meat safety is one of the top priorities of great concern for consumers today. More than 90% of human exposure to harmful materials is due to consumption of contaminated meat products. This study was designed to compare four valid analytical methods for the determination of organochlorine pesticides 2,4 D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene/ dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, alachlor, organophosphate, anabolic steroids (progesterone, testosterone, and estrogen), antibiotics (tetracycline, sulfonamides, gentamycin, and cephalexin), antibacterial compounds (Macrolide, β-Lactam, Chloramphenicol, Sulphur drugs, and Gentamicin) residues in 135 beef, buffalo, and sheep meat samples (fresh, frozen meats, minced, and sausage samples) of local, regional, and international brands available in Omani markets. Materials and Methods: Triplicate meat samples from each brand within each species were extracted with acetonitrile and purified with acetonitrile-saturated n-hexane to remove all impurities. To dry the sample after heating, the residue was passed across a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge for sample cleaning before gas chromatography (GC) (Brand GCMS-QP2010 Plus) coupled with different detectors, including a mass spectrometer or GC-electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was also employed for the quantification of the residues in meat products. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were employed to assess veterinary drug residues, anabolic steroids, and pesticides. The CHARM II instrument was employed to detect chloramphenicol, gentamicin, sulfa-drug, β-lactam, and macrolide residues in meat and meat product samples. Results: A thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method should be considered as another method of choice to determine concentrations of veterinary drugs and anabolic steroids. The TLC results were validated by LC-MS. The three described methods permit the multi-residue analysis of anabolic steroid residue levels of 0.06-1.89 ppb in meat product samples. There were three violative residues of anabolic steroids in red meat products that were above the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Although, the levels of organochlorine pesticides and antibiotic concentrations in meat products were below the MRLs, the long-term consumption is considered a health hazard and will affect the wellbeing of consumers. Conclusion: The four techniques (GC, high-performance liquid chromatography, ELISA and CHARM II) provided results that were reliable and precise for the detection of chessssmical residues in meat and meat products

An Assessment of Omani Native Sheep Fiber Production and Quality Characteristics

Wool production and quality measurements were carried out on 100 Omani native female sheep (body weight 38.6 ± 5.5 kg; age 993 ± 488 d). Sheep were kept in partially shaded pens and fed ad libitum Rhodes grass hay (crude protein 8.83%) plus a daily amount of 200 g general ruminant concentrate (crude protein 16.5% DM). Animals were shorn once a year and samples were taken from the left mid-side site to determine fleece and fiber characteristics. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the fine appearance of the wool fibers. A skin sample was used to study the histological arrangement and number of secondary and primary follicles. The greasy fleece weight (GFW) in Omani sheep ranged between 0.50- 2.65 kg (mean 1.12 ± 0.43 kg) and the GFW expressed as a percentage of BW ranged between 1.0-7.6 with a mean of 2.9 ± 1.16. Clean wool yield in Omani sheep fleece ranged between 57.1 and 88.4% with a mean of 76.4 ± 7.6. Omani sheep fleece contained various staple shapes and had a mean staple length of 22.9 ± 1.16 cm, 4.3 ± 0.8 crimps per staple; and a mean fiber diameter of 46 ± 12 µm. Electron microscopy revealed three types of fibers; wrap-around, angled type and polygonal and elongated scales. This study indicated a wide variation in the wool characteristics of Omani native sheep fleece, which suggested that selection may be employed to improve wool production and quality in these sheep