La educación y comunicación patrimonial en el Castillo de San Severino. Museo de la esclavitud

La comunicación del patrimonio cultural como vía para la socialización del recurso patrimonial que atesoran las instituciones museísticas, se constituye en elemento clave que garantiza la apropiación colectiva y la protección del legado cultural. Como proceso creativo, es capaz de desarrollar vínculos afectivos con el visitante y promover actitudes positivas hacia el patrimonio. En tal sentido, la investigación tiene como objetivo valorar el proceso comunicativo con finalidad educativa en el Castillo de San Severino. Museo de la esclavitud. Deriva del estudio sobre la acción educativa en los museos de la ciudad yumurina y los instrumentos de análisis utilizados derivan del Proyecto Evaluación cualitativa de programas educativos en museos españoles. La investigación se desarrolla a través del estudio de caso y como técnicas se recurre a la entrevista en profundidad y la observación participante. Los resultados demuestran fortalezas derivadas de la profesionalidad del personal de la institución y las debilidades se vinculan a los recursos económicos y tecnológicos. La investigación se considera pionera en el contexto cubano y los resultados contribuyen a mejorar la labor educativa y de socialización de este centro y además, el resultado se constituye en referente para otros museos en el ámbito cubano. The communication of cultural heritage as a way to socialize the heritage resource treasured by museum institutions is a key element that guarantees the collective appropriation and protection of the cultural legacy. As a creative process, it is capable of developing affective bonds with the visitor and promoting positive attitudes towards heritage. In this sense, the research aims to assess the communicative process with an educational purpose in the San Severino Castle. Slavery Museum. It derives from the study on the educational action in the museums of the city of Yumurina and the instruments of analysis used derive from the Project Qualitative evaluation of educational programs in Spanish museums. The research is developed through a case study and the techniques used are in depth interviews and participant observation. The results show strengths derived from the professionalism of the institution’s staff and the weaknesses are linked to economic and technological resources. The research is considered pioneer in the Cuban context and the results contribute to improve the educational and socialization work of this center and also, the result constitutes a reference for other museums in Cuba

Cytoskeleton Rearrangements during the Execution Phase of Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a regulated energy‐dependent process for the elimination of unnecessary or damaged cells during embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and many pathological conditions. Apoptosis is characterized by specific morphological and biochemical features in which caspase activation has a pivotal role. During apoptosis, cells undergo characteristic morphological reorganizations in which the cytoskeleton participates actively. Traditionally, this cytoskeleton rearrangement has been assigned mainly to actinomyosin ring contraction, with microtubule and intermediate filaments both reported to be depolymerized at early stages of apoptosis. However, recent results have shown that microtubules are reformed during the execution phase of apoptosis forming an apoptotic microtubule network (AMN). Current hypothesis proposes that AMN is required to maintain plasma membrane integrity and cell morphology during the execution phase of apoptosis. AMN disruption provokes apoptotic cell collapse, secondary necrosis and the subsequent release of toxic molecules which can damage surrounding cells and promote inflammation. Therefore, AMN formation in physiological or pathological apoptosis is essential for tissue homeostasis

The confining-Higgs phase transition in U(1)-Higgs LGT

Abstract We simulate the compact U(1)-Higgs model in a four-dimensional lattice. We present a numerical study for the behaviour around the region where the transition between the confining and Higgs phases disappears. The transition line is found to be first order and to end in a second-order point. We measure the critical exponents of the endpoint obtaining the mean field ones within errors

Evaluación y validación de bioplaguicidas a base de hongos entomopatógenos para el manejo de mosca blanca Bemisia tabaci en algodón, tabaco y berenjena en Tolima, Córdoba y Huila

La mosca blanca Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), es una de las principales plagas mundiales debido a su amplia distribución geográfica, al daño directo e indirecto que ocasiona en los cultivos debido a la succión de la savia, excreción de soluciones azucaradas como sustrato para colonización de hongos, transmisión de virus y al gran número de cultivos que afecta. En Colombia, este insecto ha ocasionado pérdidas en varias regiones, con una mayor incidencia en los departamentos de Tolima, Cundinamarca, Santander, Córdoba y Cesar, con pérdidas que oscilaron entre el 25 al 100% en cultivos de hortalizas como fríjol, tomate, pepino y berenjena, en frutales como melón, y en otros cultivos de importancia económica como algodón y tabaco. En el algodón aparte del daño directo que causa con la succión de la savia, ejerce un daño indirecto de gran importancia económica debido a que la excreción de la mielecilla, genera que la fibra se adhiera impidiendo un correcto procesamiento de la misma en las despulpadoras. En tabaco es conocida la transmisión del virus del encrespamiento de la hoja (TLVC) causada por este insecto, el cual ocasiona pérdidas importantes en los departamentos del Huila y Santander. Se han diseñado diferentes estrategias de manejo de la mosca blanca, siendo el control químico la herramienta más utilizada y en ocasiones la única, generando riesgos ambientales y de salud humana. Además, el uso inadecuado de plaguicidas químicos, ha generado el desarrollo de resistencia de la mosca blanca a un gran número de moléculas químicas. Por tal razón, una alternativa para su manejo es el uso de insecticidas a base de microorganismos que atacan naturalmente a los insectos; estrategia conocida como control microbiológico. En trabajos previos, Corpoica desarrollo dos bioplaguicidas a base de los hongos entomopatógenos Lecanicillium lecanii y Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, los cuales fueron evaluaron en cultivos de habichuela, tomate, fríjol, pepino y melón, con resultados promisorios de control y un aumento del rendimiento de varios cultivos. Sin embargo, es importante concluir aspectos de carácter tecnológico de estos prototipos y validar su eficacia en otros cultivos y en zonas agroecológicas diferentes. Por tal razón, el presente proyecto contó con una etapa de laboratorio en la que se determinó la vida útil del bioplaguicida a base de P. fumosoroseus en almacenamiento y la compatibilidad de ambos productos con los agroquímicos normalmente usados en los cultivos planteados en el proyecto. En cuanto a esta fase en laboratorio se encontró que el bioplaguicida a base de P. fumosoroseus tiene una vida útil de seis meses cuando se almacena a una temperatura de 6ºC y que los bioplaguicidas no son compatibles con Metalaxil-Mancozeb, Carboxin-Captan, Mancozeb y Benlate. Además, el producto a base de L. lecanii es compatible con Buprofezin y medianamente compatible con Tiametoxam, Lufenuron, Malathion e Imidacloprid, mientras que el producto a base de P. fumosoroseus es medianamente compatible con Imidacloprid y Lufenuron. Posteriormente, en parcelas experimentales en los cultivos de algodón, tabaco y berenjena evaluadas en los departamentos de Tolima, Córdoba y Huila se determinó que tanto en los tratamientos con L. lecanii como con P. fumosoroseus se presentaron relaciones de índice beneficio costo por encima de 1, lo que hace éstos bioproductos aptos para su implementación en el manejo de B. tabaci. Sin embargo, teniendo en cuenta que la formulación a base de L. lecanii, presenta un mayor desarrollo tecnológico en relación con P. fumosoroseus, para el desarrollo de una estrategia de manejo integrado del cultivo (MIC) se seleccionó el producto a base de L. lecanii aplicado según el nivel de la población de B. tabaci en los cultivos. Durante los años 2010 y 2011 en los cultivos de berenjena y algodón fue posible incorporar el bioplaguicida a base de L. lecanii dentro del manejo integrado del cultivo como una herramienta económica y ambientalmente viable. En el caso de tabaco, se debería considerar la evaluación de una estrategia que permita el manejo preventivo mediante el establecimiento del hongo en el cultivo, con el fin de ejercer un control en poblaciones iniciales o resurgentes de la plaga. Es de gran importancia tener en cuenta el manejo acertado de otras estrategias MIC de los cultivos, con el fin de contar con un producto de buena calidad que tenga acceso a un rango amplio de consumidores bajo los estándares exigidos por el mercado; sobre todo en el momento actual en el que el TLC con los Estados Unidos fue aprobado.Algodón-Gossypium herbaceumBerenjena-Solanum melongenaTabaco-Nicotiana tabacum L

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain : Large-Scale Epidemiological Study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD-Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)-during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100,000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31-56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery

Impact of Biological Agents on Postsurgical Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease : A Multicentre Study of Geteccu

Background: The impact of biologics on the risk of postoperative complications (PC) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still an ongoing debate. This lack of evidence is more relevant for ustekinumab and vedolizumab. Aims: To evaluate the impact of biologics on the risk of PC. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 37 centres. Patients treated with biologics within 12 weeks before surgery were considered "exposed". The impact of the exposure on the risk of 30-day PC and the risk of infections was assessed by logistic regression and propensity score-matched analysis. Results: A total of 1535 surgeries were performed on 1370 patients. Of them, 711 surgeries were conducted in the exposed cohort (584 anti-TNF, 58 vedolizumab and 69 ustekinumab). In the multivariate analysis, male gender (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2-2.0), urgent surgery (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.2), laparotomy approach (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-1.9) and severe anaemia (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3-2.6) had higher risk of PC, while academic hospitals had significantly lower risk. Exposure to biologics (either anti-TNF, vedolizumab or ustekinumab) did not increase the risk of PC (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.97-1.58), although it could be a risk factor for postoperative infections (OR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.03-2.27). Conclusions: Preoperative administration of biologics does not seem to be a risk factor for overall PC, although it may be so for postoperative infections

Higher COVID-19 pneumonia risk associated with anti-IFN-α than with anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs in children

We found that 19 (10.4%) of 183 unvaccinated children hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia had autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs (IFN-alpha 2 in 10 patients: IFN-alpha 2 only in three, IFN-alpha 2 plus IFN-omega in five, and IFN-alpha 2, IFN-omega plus IFN-beta in two; IFN-omega only in nine patients). Seven children (3.8%) had Abs neutralizing at least 10 ng/ml of one IFN, whereas the other 12 (6.6%) had Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml. The auto-Abs neutralized both unglycosylated and glycosylated IFNs. We also detected auto-Abs neutralizing 100 pg/ml IFN-alpha 2 in 4 of 2,267 uninfected children (0.2%) and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-omega in 45 children (2%). The odds ratios (ORs) for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia were, therefore, higher for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 only (OR [95% CI] = 67.6 [5.7-9,196.6]) than for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-. only (OR [95% CI] = 2.6 [1.2-5.3]). ORs were also higher for auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 12.9 [4.6-35.9]) than for those neutralizing low concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 5.5 [3.1-9.6]) of IFN-omega and/or IFN-alpha 2

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio