THE EFFECT OF RED ONION TO DECREASE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN CLIENTS WITH HYPERGLYCEMIA

The red onion (Allium cepa.Linn) has long been used in herbal medicine and commonly used as flavoring agent cookery. Red onion has many benefits for health to decrease cholesterol, anticoagulant and antioxidant and decrease blood sugar. The aim of present study was to know the effect of red onion to decrease blood sugar levels in clients with hyperglycemia and also to identification the effect of red onion to decrease blood sugar levels, if connected by factor of age and gender in clients with hyperglycemia. In this study used quasi experiment with pretest-posttest with therapy group and control group involving clients with hyperglycemia as many as 50 respondents of therapy group and 50 respondents of control group in sub district Kalawat. The result of this study was using   t-test independent showed that there was decrease blood sugar levels after consumption red onion juice for 1 day at significance value ρ =0,00<0,05, no change if connected by factor of age at significance value ρ=0,488>0,05 and factor of gender at significance value ρ=0,942>0,05. Conclusion, the red onion had effect to decrease blood sugar in client with type II diabetes mellitus in sub district Kalawat. Suggestion, people can use red onion as one of herbal medicine to decrease blood sugar levels. &nbsp

High-resolution, Quantitative Tsunami simulation on New Earth Simulator

2015年より本格稼働した新地球シミュレータ（SX-ACE）で南海トラフ地震を想定した大規模津波シミュレーションを実施し，多数のシナリオに基づく和歌山県沿岸域における津波浸水データベースを構築した．津波シミュレーションを効率的に実施するために，津波シミュレーションコード（JAGURS）の最適化やスケーラビリティの評価，マルチジョブコントロールを実施した．津波シミュレーションの効率化により，3万ケースを超える津波シミュレーションを3か月という短期間で完了させた．津波浸水データベースは和歌山県が運用している津波浸水予測システムに組み込まれ，気象庁以外で初めて和歌山県が独自に津波予報業務をはじめている．2016年ハイパフォーマンスコンピューティングと計算科学シンポジウム（2016年6月6日～7日, 東北大学片平キャンパス

A High-Throughput Enzyme Assay for Organophosphate Residues in Milk

A rapid, high-sensitivity, chemiluminescence (CL) enzyme assay for the determination of organophosphate (OP) residues in milk is presented. The assay for quantification of OP residues in milk is based on the inhibition of enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). BuChE was stabilized and preloaded in 384 well plates at 30 °C. The assay permits rapid determination of OPs in milk within 12 min including an incubation step. The enzyme assay was tested for individual and mixtures of OPs such as methyl paraoxon (MPOx), methyl parathion (MP) and malathion (MT) in milk to evaluate their synergistic effect on BuChE inhibition. Good linearity was obtained in the range 0.005–50 μg·L−1 for MPOx and 0.5–1,000 μg·L−1 for MP as well as MT in milk. Mean recovery of 93.2%–98.6% was obtained for MPOx spiked milk samples with 0.99%–1.67% reproducibility (RSD). The proposed method facilitated rapid screening of milk samples in 384 well plate formats with further miniaturization presented in 1,536 well plates

Variation of Cholinesterase-Based Biosensor Sensitivity to Inhibition by Organophosphate Due To Ionizing Radiation

A cholinesterase based biosensor was constructed in order to assess the effects of ionizing radiation on exposed AChE. Although the primary objective of the experiment was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation on the activity of the biosensor, no changes in cholinesterase activity were observed. Current provided by oxidation of thiocholine previously created from acetylthiocholine by enzyme catalyzed reaction was in a range 395–455 nA. No significant influence of radiation on AChE activity was found, despite the current variation. However, a surprising phenomenon was observed when a model organophosphate paraoxon was assayed. Irradiated biosensors seem to be more susceptible to the inhibitory effects of paraoxon. Control biosensors provided a 94 ± 5 nA current after exposure to 1 ppm paraoxon. The biosensors irradiated by a 5 kGy radiation dose and exposed to paraoxon provided a current of 49 ± 6 nA. Irradiation by doses ranging from 5 mGy to 100 kGy were investigated and the mentioned effect was confirmed at doses above 50 Gy. After the first promising experiments, biosensors irradiated by 5 kGy were used for calibration on paraoxon and compared with the control biosensors. Limits of detection 2.5 and 3.8 ppb were achieved for irradiated and non-irradiated biosensors respectively. The overall impact of this effect is discussed

Nanoscale Potentiometry

Potentiometric sensors share unique characteristics that set them apart from other electrochemical sensors. Potentiometric nanoelectrodes have been reported and successfully used for many decades, and we review these developments. Current research chiefly focuses on nanoscale films at the outer or the inner side of the membrane, with outer layers for increasing biocompatibility, expanding the sensor response, or improving the limit of detection (LOD). Inner layers are mainly used for stabilizing the response and eliminating inner aqueous contacts or undesired nanoscale layers of water. We also discuss the ultimate detectability of ions with such sensors and the power of coupling the ultra-low LODs of ion-selective electrodes with nanoparticle labels to give attractive bioassays that can compete with state-of-the-art electrochemical detection

Study of a novel bisnaphthalimidopropyl polyamine as electroactive material for perchlorate-selective potentiometric sensors.

In this work, the new polyamine bisnaphthalimidopropyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane is proposed as a new ionophore for perchlorate potentiometric sensors. The optimal formulation for the membrane comprised of 12mmolkg-1 of the ionophore, and 68% (w/w) of 2-nitrophenyl phenyl ether as plasticizer and 31% (w/w) of high molecular weight PVC. The sensors were soaked in water for a week to allow leakage of anionic impurities and for one day in a perchlorate solution (10-4molL-1) to improve reproducibility due to its first usage. The stability constant for the ionophore-perchlorate association in the membrane, log βIL1=3.18±0.04, ensured a performance characterized by the slope of 54.1 (±0.7) mVdec-1 to perchlorate solutions with concentrations between 1.24×10-7 and 1.00×10-3molL-1. The sensors are insensitive to pH between 3.5 to 11.0, they have a practical detection limit of 7.66 (±0.42) ×10-8molL-1 and a response time below 60s for solutions with perchlorate concentrations above 5×10-6molL-1. The accuracy of the results was confirmed by the analysis of the contaminant in a certified reference water sample

Polymer Mechanochemistry: A New Frontier for Physical Organic Chemistry

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Polymer mechanochemistry aims at understanding and exploiting the unique chemistry that is possible when stretching macromolecular chains beyond their strain-free contour lengths. This happens when chains are subject to a mechanical load, in bulk, in solution, at interfaces or as single molecules in air. Simple polymers such as polystyrene or polymethacrylate fragment via homolysis of a backbone C–C bond, and much contemporary effort in polymer mechanochemistry has focused on creating polymers which undergo more complex and interesting reactions, with such productive mechanochemical responses including mechanochromism and load strengthening. Comparatively less progress has been achieved in creating an internally coherent, theoretically sound interpretational framework to organize, systematize, and generalize the existing manifestations of polymer mechanochemistry and to guide the design of new mechanochemical systems. The experimental, computational, and conceptual tools of physical organic chemistry appear particularly well suited to achieve this goal, benefiting both fields

Experimental Polymer Mechanochemistry and its Interpretational Frameworks

Polymer mechanochemistry is an emerging field at the interface of chemistry, materials science, physics and engineering. It aims at understanding and exploiting unique reactivities of polymer chains confined to highly non-equilibrium stretched geometries by interactions with their surroundings. Macromolecular chains or their segments become stretched in bulk polymers under mechanical loads or when polymer solutions are sonicated or flow rapidly through abrupt contractions. An increasing amount of empirical data suggests that mechanochemical phenomena are widespread wherever polymers are used. In the past decade, empirical mechanochemistry has progressed enormously, from studying fragmentations of commodity polymers by simple backbone homolysis to demonstrations of self-strengthening and stress-reporting materials and mechanochemical cascades using purposefully designed monomers. This progress has not yet been matched by the development of conceptual frameworks within which to rationalize, systematize and generalize empirical mechanochemical observations. As a result, mechanistic and/or quantitative understanding of mechanochemical phenomena remains, with few exceptions, tentative. In this review we aim at systematizing reported macroscopic manifestations of polymer mechanochemistry, and critically assessing the interpretational framework that underlies their molecular rationalizations from a physical chemist's perspective. We propose a hierarchy of mechanochemical phenomena which may guide the development of multiscale models of mechanochemical reactivity to match the breadth and utility of the Eyring equation of chemical kinetics. We discuss the limitations of the approaches to quantifying and validating mechanochemical reactivity, with particular focus on sonicated polymer solutions, in order to identify outstanding questions that need to be solved for polymer mechanochemistry to become a rigorous, quantitative field. We conclude by proposing 7 problems whose solution may have a disproportionate impact on the development of polymer mechanochemistry

Pharmacotherapy and prevention of acute pediatric asthma exacerbation

Asthma is the most common chronic lower respiratory tract disease in childhood in the world. Although asthma management has been advanced and guidelines specifically fr childhood asthma have been introduced, acute exacerbations continue to occur and cause considerable morbidity on pediatric patients. Multiplicity and diversity of exacerbation triggering factors and their dependence on a constellation of other factors make the prevention of acute exacerbation challenging. Appropriate pharmacotherapy and achievement of adequate asthma control is important to prevent acute exacerbations. Since responses of patients to therapies vary considerably depending on their phenotype, it would be appropriate to individualize treatment regime for each patient. In order to achieve this, further researches of risk factors and pathophysiology of asthma exacerbation in children are necessary.BSc/BAáltalános orvosango