Diseño e implementación de una red de monitoreo de aguas subterráneas en el distrito de Santa Marta departamento del Magdalena

El presente proyecto tiene como finalidad, realizar una red de monitoreo de calidad del agua en el Distrito de Santa Marta; buscando establecer el estado y la calidad de las aguas subterráneas, con el fin de llevar el soporte para definir los lineamientos y estrategias de políticas para la protección y conservación del recurso hídrico subterráneo. Los resultados del monitoreo de las aguas subterráneas nos servirán para contribuir a mejorar su planeamiento, desarrollo, protección y manejo; anticipándonos en posibles escenarios por contaminación y deterioro de las mismas. Generalmente el monitoreo tiene por finalidad establecer las características y el comportamiento hidrogeológico, así como sus posibles variaciones, tanto espaciales como temporales, las propiedades que se monitorean comúnmente son la calidad, la reserva y la productividad. En ciudades al interior del país, así como Ciudades de países extranjeros como México, Argentina, y Brasil, han brindado el valor correspondiente a las aguas subterráneas contenidas o depositadas en los acuíferos como fuente de abastecimiento en localidades pequeñas en donde se determinan las zonas principales o eficientes para elaborar pozos profundos en donde la columna de agua brindada es suficiente y la calidad de esta es relacionada con la necesidad requerida.The present project has like purpose, to realize a network of monitoring of water quality in the District of Santa Marta; thinking about how to establish the state and the quality of the groundwater, in order to take the support to define the lineaments and politics strategies for the protection and conservation of the underground water resource. The results of the monitoring of the groundwater will serve to us to help to improve its planning, development, protection and handling; anticipating us in possible stages for contamination and deterioration of the same ones. Generally the monitoring takes as a purpose to establish the characteristics and the behavior hidrogeológico, as well as its possible changes, both spatial and temporary, the properties that monitorean commonly are the quality, the reservation and the productivity. In cities to the interior of the country, as well as Cities of foreign countries as Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil, they have offered the value corresponding to the groundwater suppressed or deposited in the aquifers as source of supplying in small localities where the main or efficient areas decide to prepare deep wells where the column of offered water is sufficient and the quality of this one is related to the required need

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

PregradoIngeniero CivilIngeniero de SistemasIngeniero ElectricistaIngeniero ElectrónicoIngeniero IndustrialIngeniero Mecánic

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AimThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery.MethodsThis was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin.ResultsOverall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P ConclusionOne in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Delaying surgery for patients with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

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