The utility of modified Butler-Leggett criteria for right ventricular hypertrophy in detection of clinically significant shunt ratio in ostium secundum-type atrial septal defect in adults

Background: This study was performed to test the hypothesis that there exists a correlation between the Butler-Leggett (BL) criterion for right ventricular hypertrophy on the electrocardiogram and the Qp/Qs shunt ratio in adults with ostium secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs). Methods: Demographic, cardiac catheterization, ASD closure, and electrocardiographic data were acquired on 70 patients with secundum ASDs closed percutaneously. Simple linear regression and logistic regression models were created to test the hypothesis. Results: The mean Qp/Qs ratio and BL criterion value were 1.61 +/- 0.46 and 0.11 +/- 0.41, respectively. The BL criterion values correlated with shunt ratios (r(2) = 0.11 and P = .004). A BL criterion value greater than 0 mV predicted a significant shunt ratio (Qp/Qs \u3e or = 1.5) (odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.3, 18.1; P = or \u3c.0001) with a sensitivity of 0.68 and specificity of 0.65. Conclusion: Our results indicate that there is limited utility of the BL criterion at detecting right ventricular volume overload, although a BL criterion value greater than 0 mV being used to identify patients with significant intracardiac shunts yielded a sensitivity of 0.68 and specificity of 0.65

Volume 10

Introduction Dr. Roger A. Byrne An Analysis of Media Framing in Cases of Violence Against Women by Taylor Hogg Writing in the Discipline of Nursing by Tiffany Carter Photography by Brandyn Johnson The Hidden Life of Beef Cattle: A Study of Cattle Welfare on Traditional Ranches and Industrial Farms by Haleigh James Bloodworth\u27s by Josh Baker and Tyler Cernak Prosimians: Little Bodies, Big Significance by Kirsten Bauer Skinformed by Allie Snavely Coopertition and Gracious Professionalism: The Effects of First Robotics Folklore and Culture on the Stem Community by Mary Zell Galen Tilt by Eric Powell And Thomas Wise The Millennial Generation and Protest Politics: How Social Media Affects Civic Engagement by Katie Kinsey Effects of Intergenerational Daycares: Parents\u27 Perception of Early Childhood Socialization with Elderly Populations by Beth Barbolla, Maeleigh Ferlet, Rebecca Morra Speech and Intelligence: Does My Use of AAE Label Me Incompetent? By Michala Day Stimulation of Dendritic Cells with Dimethylfumarate Leads to Cd-4 Th2 T-Cells Immune Responses in Multiple Sclerosis and Psoriasis by Alexandra Evangelista, Max Flores, Harley Hodges, and Clardene Jones The Hunt by Harrison Samaniego The Rise of Structural Individualism: Millennial Attitudes Towards Welfare and Poverty by Jamesha Watson A Rhetorical Analysis of Pope Francis\u27s Address to U.S. Congress on September 24, 2015: A Petition for the Revival of Community and Common Values by Abby Gargiulo Photomontage Poster by Heather Green Love You to Death: Repressed Desires in Poe\u27s The Black Cat by Haley Klepatzki Muhammad Ali by Juan Guevara No end to it, baby : Pynchon, Communication, and The Crying of Lot 49 by Dani Bondurant The Sun Has Set on Britain By Michael Joseph Link, Jr. The Handbettering Campaign by Pamela Dahl Ceremony Marks FDR\u27s Continuance as Leader as War Goes On: An Analysis Of FDR\u27s Fourth Inauguration and How It Reflected the Effect of the War in American Society by Maeve Losen How White Is for Witching and Get Out Challenge Western Xenophobia by Charlotte Murphe

Herpes Virus Fusion and Entry: A Story with Many Characters

Herpesviridae comprise a large family of enveloped DNA viruses all of whom employ orthologs of the same three glycoproteins, gB, gH and gL. Additionally, herpesviruses often employ accessory proteins to bind receptors and/or bind the heterodimer gH/gL or even to determine cell tropism. Sorting out how these proteins function has been resolved to a large extent by structural biology coupled with supporting biochemical and biologic evidence. Together with the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus, gB is a charter member of the Class III fusion proteins. Unlike VSV G, gB only functions when partnered with gH/gL. However, gH/gL does not resemble any known viral fusion protein and there is evidence that its function is to upregulate the fusogenic activity of gB. In the case of herpes simplex virus, gH/gL itself is upregulated into an active state by the conformational change that occurs when gD, the receptor binding protein, binds one of its receptors. In this review we focus primarily on prototypes of the three subfamilies of herpesviruses. We will present our model for how herpes simplex virus (HSV) regulates fusion in series of highly regulated steps. Our model highlights what is known and also provides a framework to address mechanistic questions about fusion by HSV and herpesviruses in general

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Projected resurgence of COVID-19 in the United States in July—December 2021 resulting from the increased transmissibility of the Delta variant and faltering vaccination

In Spring 2021, the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant began to cause increases in cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in parts of the United States. At the time, with slowed vaccination uptake, this novel variant was expected to increase the risk of pandemic resurgence in the US in summer and fall 2021. As part of the COVID-19 Scenario Modeling Hub, an ensemble of nine mechanistic models produced 6-month scenario projections for July–December 2021 for the United States. These projections estimated substantial resurgences of COVID-19 across the US resulting from the more transmissible Delta variant, projected to occur across most of the US, coinciding with school and business reopening. The scenarios revealed that reaching higher vaccine coverage in July–December 2021 reduced the size and duration of the projected resurgence substantially, with the expected impacts was largely concentrated in a subset of states with lower vaccination coverage. Despite accurate projection of COVID-19 surges occurring and timing, the magnitude was substantially underestimated 2021 by the models compared with the of the reported cases, hospitalizations, and deaths occurring during July–December, highlighting the continued challenges to predict the evolving COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination uptake remains critical to limiting transmission and disease, particularly in states with lower vaccination coverage. Higher vaccination goals at the onset of the surge of the new variant were estimated to avert over 1.5 million cases and 21,000 deaths, although may have had even greater impacts, considering the underestimated resurgence magnitude from the model

Shaping 3D root system architecture

Plants are sessile organisms rooted in one place. The soil resources that plants require are often distributed in a highly heterogeneous pattern. To aid foraging, plants have evolved roots whose growth and development are highly responsive to soil signals. As a result, 3D root architecture is shaped by myriad environmental signals to ensure resource capture is optimised and unfavourable environments are avoided. The first signals sensed by newly germinating seeds — gravity and light — direct root growth into the soil to aid seedling establishment. Heterogeneous soil resources, such as water, nitrogen and phosphate, also act as signals that shape 3D root growth to optimise uptake. Root architecture is also modified through biotic interactions that include soil fungi and neighbouring plants. This developmental plasticity results in a ‘custom-made’ 3D root system that is best adapted to forage for resources in each soil environment that a plant colonises

Spatially-Explicit Prediction of Capacity Density Advances Geographic Characterization of Wind Power Technical Potential

Mounting interest in ambitious clean energy goals is exposing critical gaps in our understanding of onshore wind power potential. Conventional approaches to evaluating wind power technical potential at the national scale rely on coarse geographic representations of land area requirements for wind power. These methods overlook sizable spatial variation in real-world capacity densities (i.e., nameplate power capacity per unit area) and assume that potential installation densities are uniform across space. Here, we propose a data-driven approach to overcome persistent challenges in characterizing localized deployment potentials over broad extents. We use machine learning to develop predictive relationships between observed capacity densities and geospatial variables. The model is validated against a comprehensive data set of United States (U.S.) wind facilities and subjected to interrogation techniques to reveal that key explanatory features behind geographic variation of capacity density are related to wind resource as well as urban accessibility and forest cover. We demonstrate application of the model by producing a high-resolution (2 km × 2 km) national map of capacity density for use in technical potential assessments for the United States. Our findings illustrate that this methodology offers meaningful improvements in the characterization of spatial aspects of technical potential, which are increasingly critical to draw reliable and actionable planning and research insights from renewable energy scenarios

Letter to Mr. Galen Fisher, Committee on American Principles and Fair Play from Colonel Harrison Gerhardt, Executive to the Assistant Secretary of War with attached correspondence

Letter in reply to Mr. Galen Fisher, Treasurer, Committee on American Principles and Fair Play, regarding utilization of Japanese Americans in non-segregated Army units. Attached is a letter from Mr. Fisher to Colonel Gerhardt about the selective service draft for Nisei and expressing hope for Nisei to serve in unsegregated units