1,352 research outputs found
Built environment change and change in BMI and waist circumference: Multiâethnic S tudy of A therosclerosis
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109571/1/oby20873.pd
A system of three transiting super-Earths in a cool dwarf star
We present the detection of three super-Earths transiting the cool star
LP415-17, monitored by K2 mission in its 13th campaign. High resolution spectra
obtained with HARPS-N/TNG showed that the star is a mid-late K dwarf. Using
spectral synthesis models we infer its effective temperature, surface gravity
and metallicity and subse- quently determined from evolutionary models a
stellar radius of 0.58 R Sun. The planets have radii of 1.8, 2.6 and 1.9 R
Earth and orbital periods of 6.34, 13.85 and 40.72 days. High resolution images
discard any significant contamination by an intervening star in the line of
sight. The orbit of the furthest planet has radius of 0.18 AU, close to the
inner edge of the habitable zone. The system is suitable to improve our
understanding of formation and dynamical evolution of super-Earth systems in
the rocky - gaseous threshold, their atmospheres, internal structure,
composition and interactions with host stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
Progress in creating a joint research agenda that allows networked long-term socio-ecological research in southern South America : addressing crucial technological and human capacity gaps limiting its application in Chile and Argentina
Since 1980, more than 40 countries have implemented long-term ecological research (LTER) programs, which have shown their power to affect advances in basic science to understand the natural world at meaningful temporal and spatial scales and also help link research with socially relevant outcomes. Recently, a disciplinary paradigmatic shift has integrated the human dimensions of ecosystems, leading to a long-term socio-ecological research (LTSER) framework to address the world's current environmental challenges. A global gap in LTER/LTSER only exists in the latitudinal range of 40â60°S, corresponding to Argentina and Chile's temperate/sub-Antarctic biome. A team of Chilean, Argentine and US researchers has participated in an ongoing dialogue to define not only conceptual, but also practical barriers limiting LTER/LTSER in southern South America. We have found a number of existing long-term research sites and platforms throughout the region, but at the same time it has been concluded an agenda is needed to create and implement further training courses for students, postdoctoral fellows and young scientists, particularly in the areas of data and information management systems. Since LTER/LTSER efforts in Chile and Argentina are incipient, instituting such courses now will enhance human and technical capacity of the natural science and resource community to improve the collection, storage, analysis and dissemination of information in emerging LTER/LTSER platforms. In turn, having this capacity, as well as the ongoing formalization of LTER/LTSER programs at national levels, will allow the enhancement of crucial collaborations and comparisons between long-term research programs within the region and between hemispheres and continents. For Spanish version of the entire article, see Online Supporting Information (Appendix S1).Desde 1980, mĂĄs de cuarenta paĂses han implementado programas de InvestigaciĂłn EcolĂłgica a Largo Plazo (LTER por sus siglas en inglĂ©s), los cuales han mostrado su capacidad para influir sobre los avances en las ciencias bĂĄsicas que permiten entender el mundo natural en escalas temporales y espaciales significativas, y tambiĂ©n ayudar a enfocar la investigaciĂłn hacia estudios socialmente relevantes. Recientemente, gracias a un cambio de paradigma en la disciplina, se integrĂł tambiĂ©n la dimensiĂłn humana de los ecosistemas, llevĂĄndola a un marco conceptual de InvestigaciĂłn Socio-EcolĂłgica a Largo Plazo (LTSER por sus siglas en inglĂ©s) para enfrentar los desafĂos medio-ambientales del mundo actual. Existe un vacĂo global en LTER/LTSER en el rango latitudinal de 40â60°S, correspondiente a los biomas templados/subantĂĄrticos de Argentina y Chile. Un equipo de investigadores chilenos, argentinos y estadounidenses ha trabajado por varios años para definir cuĂĄles son la barreras que actualmente limitan la creaciĂłn de una Red de LTER/LTSER en el sur de SudamĂ©rica, no solamente en tĂ©rminos conceptuales, sino tambiĂ©n a nivel prĂĄctico. Existe un buen nĂșmero de sitios de investigaciĂłn a largo plazo en la regiĂłn, pero tambiĂ©n concluimos que es necesario crear e implementar mĂĄs cursos de capacitaciĂłn para estudiantes, investigadores post-doctorales y jĂłvenes cientĂficos, particularmente en las ĂĄreas de sistemas de manejo de datos e informaciĂłn. Considerando que los esfuerzos LTER/LTSER en Chile y Argentina son incipientes, este tipo de cursos podrĂa mejorar la capacidad humana y tĂ©cnica en la comunidad de las ciencias y los recursos naturales, asĂ como mejorar los procesos de recolecciĂłn, almacenamiento, anĂĄlisis y difusiĂłn de la informaciĂłn. A su vez, la formalizaciĂłn de cursos de programas LTER/LTSER a nivel nacional para adquirir dicha capacidad de manejo de la informaciĂłn, permitirĂĄ un fortalecimiento crucial de las colaboraciones y comparaciones entre programas de investigaciĂłn a largo plazo dentro de la regiĂłn, y entre hemisferios y continentes. La versiĂłn en castellano del artĂculo se encuentra disponible en forma digital como Online Supporting Information S1.Fil: Anderson, Chistopher B. University of North Texas. Department of Biological Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Celis-Diez, Juan Luis. Pontificia Universidad CatĂłlica de ValparaĂso, Escuela de AgronomĂa; ChileFil: Bond, Barbara J.H.G. Oregon State University. Andrews Forest Long-Term Ecological Research Site.
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; Estados UnidosFil: MartĂnez Pastur, Guillermo JosĂ©. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cientificas; ArgentinaFil: Little, Christian. Universidad Austral de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y EvoluciĂłn; Chile. FundaciĂłn Centro de los Bosques Nativos FORECOS; ChileFil: Armesto, Juan J. Pontificia Universidad CatĂłlica de ValparaĂso, Escuela de AgronomĂa; ChileFil: Ghersa, Claudio Marco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones FisiolĂłgicas y EcolĂłgicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa. Instituto de Investigaciones FisiolĂłgicas y EcolĂłgicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Austin, Amy Theresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones FisiolĂłgicas y EcolĂłgicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa. Instituto de Investigaciones FisiolĂłgicas y EcolĂłgicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Schlichter, Tomas Miguel. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de EcologĂa Forestal; ArgentinaFil: Lara, Antonio. FundaciĂłn Centro de los Bosques Nativos FORECOS; Chile. Universidad Austral de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales. Instituto de Silvicultura; ChileFil: Carmona, Martin. Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Ecologıa y Biodiversidad; ChileFil: Chaneton, Enrique Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones FisiolĂłgicas y EcolĂłgicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia. Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Gutierrez, Julio R. Universidad de La Serena. Departamento de BiologĂa. Instituto de EcologĂa y Biodiversidad. Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas; ChileFil: Rozzi, Ricardo. Universidad de La Serena. Departamento de BiologĂa. Instituto de EcologĂa y Biodiversidad; ChileFil: Vanderbilt, Kristin University of New Mexico. Department of Biology. Sevilleta Long-Term Ecological Research Site; Estados UnidosFil: Oyarce, Guillermo University of North Texas. Library and Information Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Fernandez, Roberto J. University of North Texas, Department of Biological Sciences; Estados Unido
Downscaling ECMWF seasonal precipitation forecasts in Europe using the RCA model
The operational performance and usefulness of regional climate models at seasonal time scales are assessed by downscaling an ensemble of global seasonal forecasts. The Rossby Centre RCA regional model was applied to downscale a five-member ensemble from the ECMWF System3 global model in the European Atlantic domain for the period 1981â2001. One month lead time global and regional precipitation predictions were compared over Europeâand particularly over Spainâfocusing the study in SON (autumn) dry events. A robust tercile-based probabilistic validation approach was applied to compare the forecasts from global and regional models, obtaining significant skill in both cases, but over a wider area for the later. Finally, we also analyse the performance of a mixed ensemble combining both forecasts
PhylomeDB v3.0: an expanding repository of genome-wide collections of trees, alignments and phylogeny-based orthology and paralogy predictions
The growing availability of complete genomic sequences from diverse species has brought about the need to scale up phylogenomic analyses, including the reconstruction of large collections of phylogenetic trees. Here, we present the third version of PhylomeDB (http://phylomeDB.org), a public database for genome-wide collections of gene phylogenies (phylomes). Currently, PhylomeDB is the largest phylogenetic repository and hosts 17 phylomes, comprising 416â093 trees and 165â840 alignments. It is also a major source for phylogeny-based orthology and paralogy predictions, covering about 5 million proteins in 717 fully-sequenced genomes. For each protein-coding gene in a seed genome, the database provides original and processed alignments, phylogenetic trees derived from various methods and phylogeny-based predictions of orthology and paralogy relationships. The new version of phylomeDB has been extended with novel data access and visualization features, including the possibility of programmatic access. Available seed species include model organisms such as human, yeast, Escherichia coli or Arabidopsis thaliana, but also alternative model species such as the human pathogen Candida albicans, or the pea aphid Acyrtosiphon pisum. Finally, PhylomeDB is currently being used by several genome sequencing projects that couple the genome annotation process with the reconstruction of the corresponding phylome, a strategy that provides relevant evolutionary insights
About 1% of the breast and ovarian Spanish families testing negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2 are carriers of RAD51D pathogenic variants
RAD51D mutations have been recently identified in breast (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) families. Although an etiological role in OC appears to be present, the association of RAD51D mutations and BC risk is more unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of germline RAD51D mutations in Spanish BC/OC families negative for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. We analyzed 842 index patients: 491 from BC/OC families, 171 BC families, 51 OC families and 129 patients without family history but with early-onset BC or OC or metachronous BC and OC. Mutation detection was performed with high-resolution melting, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography or Sanger sequencing. Three mutations were found in four families with BC and OC cases (0.82%). Two were novel: c.1A>T (p.Met1?) and c.667+2_667+23del, leading to the exon 7 skipping and one previously described: c.674C>T (p.Arg232*). All were present in BC/OC families with only one OC. The c.667+2_667+23del cosegregated in the family with one early-onset BC and two bilateral BC cases. We also identified the c.629C>T (p.Ala210Val) variant, which was predicted in silico to be potentially pathogenic. About 1% of the BC and OC Spanish families negative for BRCA1/BRCA2 are carriers of RAD51D mutations. The presence of several BC mutation carriers, albeit in the context of familial OC, suggests an increased risk for BC, which should be taken into account in the follow-up and early detection measures. RAD51D testing should be considered in clinical setting for families with BC and OC, irrespective of the number of OC cases in the family
Characterising variability and predictors of infant mortality in urban settings: findings from 286 Latin American cities.
BACKGROUND: Urbanisation in Latin America (LA) is heterogeneous and could have varying implications for infant mortality (IM). Identifying city factors related to IM can help design policies that promote infant health in cities. METHODS: We quantified variability in infant mortality rates (IMR) across cities and examined associations between urban characteristics and IMR in a cross-sectional design. We estimated IMR for the period 2014-2016 using vital registration for 286 cities above 100Â 000 people in eight countries. Using national censuses, we calculated population size, growth and three socioeconomic scores reflecting living conditions, service provision and population educational attainment. We included mass transit availability of bus rapid transit and subway. Using Poisson multilevel regression, we estimated the per cent difference in IMR for a one SD (1SD) difference in city-level predictors. RESULTS: Of the 286 cities, 130 had 5 million. Overall IMR was 11.2 deaths/1000 live births. 57% of the total IMR variability across cities was within countries. Higher population growth, better living conditions, better service provision and mass transit availability were associated with 6.0% (95% CI -8.3 to 3.7%), 14.1% (95% CI -18.6 to -9.2), 11.4% (95% CI -16.1 to -6.4) and 6.6% (95% CI -9.2 to -3.9) lower IMR, respectively. Greater population size was associated with higher IMR. No association was observed for population-level educational attainment in the overall sample. CONCLUSION: Improving living conditions, service provision and public transportation in cities may have a positive impact on reducing IMR in LA cities
Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in âs=13âTeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of âs=13ââTeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139ââfbâ1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015â2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV
Correction to: Health-related qualify of life, angina type and coronary artery disease in patients with stable chest pain
The original article [1] contained an error in coauthor, Balazs Ruzsicsâs name which has since been corrected
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