Professores, imagens e imaginário Práticas e conhecimentos sobre a didáctica da imagem

AbstractThis article is an advance of the research project: “Didactics of Image”, which tries to find re-making the imaginaries of the teachers around images and oral-visual languages in two educational institutions. Supported on an ethnographic methodology, this project looks for establishing the way like those imaginaries are drawn together to some specific educational practices related to these learning objects into the context of formal educationlos imaginarios de los maestros en torno a la imagen y los lenguajes verbo-visuales en dos instituciones educativas. Apoyado en una metodología etnográfica, el proyecto busca establecer la manera como tales imaginarios se articulan con unas prácticas eduResumoEste artigo é um avanço do projeto de pesquisa Ensino a imagem, que visa reconstruir o imaginário dos professores em torno à imagem e às linguagens verbais e visuais em duas instituições de ensino. Baseado em um método etnográfico, o projeto visa estabelecer como se liga esse imaginário com práticas educativas específicas em relação a esses objetos de aprendizagem no contexto da educação formal

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE VISUAL IMAGES IN THE CLASSROOOM

RESUMENEl artículo muestra los resultados del proyecto de investigación “Didáctica de la Imagen”, cuyo objetivo fue el de reconstruir los imaginarios de los maestros en torno a la imagen y los textos visuales en dos instituciones educativas con estudiantes de estratos socioeconómicos diferentes. La población a partir de la cual se obtuvo la información estuvo conformada por diez maestras de básica primaria, básica secundaria y media vocacional. La técnica de recolección de información fue la entrevista en profundidad, acompañada de observaciones hechas en diarios de campo. Con una metodología etnográfica, se buscó establecer la manera como tales imaginarios se evidencian en unas prácticas educativas específicas en relación con las imágenes visuales dentro del contexto de la educación formal. Esta propuesta surgió a raíz de análisis previos sobre la manera como los denominados “lenguajes no verbales” han sido incorporados recientemente al currículo oficial en calidad de objetos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. De las interpretaciones iniciales puede concluirse que las prácticas pedagógicas en torno a la imagen dependen más de las experiencias personales de los maestros a lo largo de sus historias de vida, que de una conceptualización rigurosa que, en todo caso, tampoco ha sido proporcionada por los lineamientos curriculares.Palabras clave: imaginario, imagen visual, didáctica, etnografía, lineamientos curriculares. ABSTRACTThe article shows the results of the research Project “Didactics of the Image” whose objective was the reconstruction of the teachers’ imaginary around the image and the visual texts in two educational institutions with students coming from different socioeconomic strata. The population from which the information was obtained consisted of ten teachers of basic primary education, basic secondary education and vocational secondary education. The technique for collecting information was the in depth interview together with observations made in field diaries. With an ethnographic methodology, we sought to establish how such imaginaries become evident in some specific educational practices in relation to the visual images within the context of formal education. This proposal emerged from previous analyses about the way in which the so-called ‘nonverbal language’ has been recently incorporated to the official curriculum as teaching and learning objects. From the initial interpretations, it is possible to conclude that the pedagogical practices around the image depend more on the personal experiences of the teachers along their life stories than on a rigorous conceptualization that, in any case, has not been provided by the curriculum guidelines either.Key words: imaginary, visual image, didactics, ethnography, curriculum guidelines

Socioemotional wealth in family firms: a longitudinal content analysis of corporate disclosures

This is the Accepted Manuscript of the article published in Journal of Family Business Strategy, 2019, 10(2), pp. 119-132, available online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2018.11.002. Please cite the published version. This Accepted Manuscript is deposited under a CC-BY-NC-ND license.Family business literature has noted the nature and presence of socioemotional wealth (SEW) in family firms. One method of observing SEW is by a five-dimension approach, collectively termed FIBER. While the dimensions are well defined, they have been critiqued, as have the theoretical foundations of SEW. Regardless, given the concept of SEW is about a decade old and the FIBER dimensions less so, it is reasonable to argue more research is needed. One potentially useful research approach is an historical one, which we will here term SEW history – the use of historical research to support (or question) the development of SEW as a concept. We undertake a content analysis of corporate disclosures through the Chairman’s Statement of two Irish family breweries over a period of about two decades. To conduct the analysis, we develop a coding scheme based on the FIBER dimensions and offer some research propositions around these dimensions of SEW being stable (or not) over time. Our findings reveal that the Chairman’s Statement does include FIBER dimensions in both breweries and they do change over time. Subsequent statistical analysis reveals significant differences in the FIBER dimensions between the two breweries and context is revealed as a key issue in the assessment of SEW, something prior research has noted. The study also raises some questions on the nature of some FIBER dimensions, in particular the “I” dimension. This is the Accepted Manuscript of the article published in Journal of Family Business Strategy, 2019, 10(2), pp. 119-132, available online: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2018.11.002. Please cite the published version. This Accepted Manuscript is deposited under a CC-BY-NC-ND license

Options Journal of the Faculty of Financial Engineering of the Autonomous University of Bucaramanga Volume 1. No. 2 December 2000

El primer número de nuestra revista fue fruto de la insistencia y la obsesión. Fuimos los primeros en Colombia en asumir el reto de una novedosa profesión, mezcla técnica de economía, finanzas, matemáticas y computación, y ese hecho nos motivaba, afortunadamente, a crear un órgano de difusión en el que pudiésemos divulgar a la comunidad académica nacional e internacional no solo nuestros propósitos de formación profesional sino, también, la forma como hemos venido construyendo la nueva disciplina desde nuestro enfoque particular. Aunque para lograr este cometido aún no tenemos el camino ideal, pues nuestros procesos investigativos apenas se están fortaleciendo, lo estamos construyendo. Por ello, en este Segundo número se recogen artículos con temáticas muy diversas, tal como sucedió en el anterior, desde los que hacen abstracciones matemáticas (La teoría del Caos y sus posibles aplicaciones en los mercados financieros) hasta aquellos aparentemente lejanos al objeto especifico de la Ingeniería Financiera (la argumentación en el discurso del aula), todos ellos producto más de reflexiones y los debates internos que de procesos de investigación propiamente dichos, Pero esto, en los primeros números de una revista con visión científica, es más virtud que debilidad.Trading on line, oportunidades de inversión en el mundo virtual. 4 - En el principio todo era caos... y surgieron las finanzas. 12.- La reforma financiera propuesta por la ley 510 de 1999. 16. - Tópicos de investigación en finanzas modernas. - 26 La argumentación en el discurso del aula. - 38- Un indicador de riesgo. 42. -The first issue of our magazine was the result of insistence and obsession. We were the first in Colombia to take on the challenge of a new profession, a technical mix of economics, finance, mathematics, and computing, and fortunately, that fact motivated us to create a dissemination body in which we could disclose to the national academic community and International not only our professional training purposes, but also the way in which we have been building the new discipline from our particular approach. Although to achieve this goal we still do not have the ideal path, because our investigative processes are just getting stronger, we are building it. For this reason, in this second number articles with very diverse themes are collected, as happened in the previous one, from those that make mathematical abstractions (Chaos theory and its possible applications in financial markets) to those apparently far from the specific object of Financial Engineering (argumentation in the classroom discourse), all of them the product more of reflections and internal debates than of actual research processes, But this, in the first issues of a journal with a scientific vision, is more of a virtue than a weakness

The molecular, functional and phylogenetic characterization of PGE2 receptors reveals their different roles in the immune response of the teleost fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays an important role in immune activities in teleost fish, including seabream. However, receptors involved in PGE2 signaling, as well as the pathways activated downstream, are largely unknown. In this study, one ortholog of mammalian PTGER1, PTGER3 and PTGER4, and two of PTGER2 (Ptger2a and Ptger2b) were identified and characterized in gilthead seabream. In silico analysis showed that all these receptors possessed the organization domain of G protein-coupled receptors, with the exception of Ptger2b. The corresponding in vivo studies revealed that they were expressed in all the tissues examined, the highest mRNA levels of ptger1 and ptger3 being observed in the spleen and of ptger2a and ptger4 in the blood. Bacterial infection induced higher mRNA levels of ptger2a, ptger3 and ptger4 in peritoneal exudate (the site of bacterial injection). In addition, head kidney acidophilic granulocytes and macrophages displayed different ptger1, ptger2a, ptger3 and ptger4 expression profiles. Furthermore, in macrophages the expression of the receptors was weakly affected by stimulation with bacterial DNA or with PGE2, while in acidophilic granulocytes stimulation resulted in the upregulation of ptger2a and ptger4. Taken together, these results suggest different roles for seabream PGE2 receptors in the regulation of the immune responses.Versión del editor3,26

Monitoring an Alien Invasion: DNA Barcoding and the Identification of Lionfish and Their Prey on Coral Reefs of the Mexican Caribbean

BACKGROUND: In the Mexican Caribbean, the exotic lionfish Pterois volitans has become a species of great concern because of their predatory habits and rapid expansion onto the Mesoamerican coral reef, the second largest continuous reef system in the world. This is the first report of DNA identification of stomach contents of lionfish using the barcode of life reference database (BOLD). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We confirm with barcoding that only Pterois volitans is apparently present in the Mexican Caribbean. We analyzed the stomach contents of 157 specimens of P. volitans from various locations in the region. Based on DNA matches in the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) and GenBank, we identified fishes from five orders, 14 families, 22 genera and 34 species in the stomach contents. The families with the most species represented were Gobiidae and Apogonidae. Some prey taxa are commercially important species. Seven species were new records for the Mexican Caribbean: Apogon mosavi, Coryphopterus venezuelae, C. thrix, C. tortugae, Lythrypnus minimus, Starksia langi and S. ocellata. DNA matches, as well as the presence of intact lionfish in the stomach contents, indicate some degree of cannibalism, a behavior confirmed in this species by the first time. We obtained 45 distinct crustacean prey sequences, from which only 20 taxa could be identified from the BOLD and GenBank databases. The matches were primarily to Decapoda but only a single taxon could be identified to the species level, Euphausia americana. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This technique proved to be an efficient and useful method, especially since prey species could be identified from partially-digested remains. The primary limitation is the lack of comprehensive coverage of potential prey species in the region in the BOLD and GenBank databases, especially among invertebrates

Variation in the species richness of parasitoid wasps (Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae and Rhyssinae) across sites on different continents

The old idea that parasitoid wasps (Ichneumonidae) show an inverse latitudinal diversity gradient has recently been challenged, but how ichneumonid species richness varies across the globe is still not well understood. We carried out field inventories in 21 sites on three continents to clarify this question, focusing on the subfamilies Pimplinae and Rhyssinae. Our total sampling effort was 628 Malaise trap months and the total catch exceeded 65 000 individuals. Our main focus was in two intensively inventoried areas in Amazonia, together yielding 257 Malaise trap months and 26 390 ichneumonid individuals. To expand the scope and assess global species diversity patterns of the Pimplinae and Rhyssinae, we compiled published species lists from a total of 97 study localities around the world. The highest observed species richness in any locality, 105 species, was found in one of our field sites in Peruvian Amazonia. None of the other localities reported more than 70 species, even the ones with a sampling effort comparable to ours. Despite the local thoroughness of our field inventories in Amazonia, data analyses indicated that a substantial proportion of the parasitoid wasp species occurring in each site remained unobserved. The highest local species richness values were reported from the tropics. Nevertheless parasitoid wasps are still too sparsely sampled to draw solid conclusions about whether or not their species richness follows a particular latitudinal trend, and if so, where their richness peaks.The study was partly funded by the Kone Foundation, Finland (a grant awarded to the project: Biodiversity and multiple trophic interactions lead by Ilari E. Sääksjärvi). Isrrael C. Gómez thanks the support of the following foundations: the Amazon Conservation Association (Peru), Conservation International Foundation‐Peru and the Turku University Foundation. Marc Pollet is indebted to the Leopold III Fund (Belgium) for providing support for the Chilean survey. Field work in Los Queules and Huinay (Chile) was funded by research projects FONDECYT 1050745 and “Ayudas para la realización de estancias de investigación en el centro científico de la Fundación Huinay” (CSIC‐Endesa), grants to J. L. Nieves‐Aldrey

Amination of enzymes to improve biocatalyst performance: coupling genetic modification and physicochemical tools

Improvement of the features of an enzyme is in many instances a pre-requisite for the industrial implementation of these exceedingly interesting biocatalysts. To reach this goal, the researcher may utilize different tools. For example, amination of the enzyme surface produces an alteration of the isoelectric point of the protein along with its chemical reactivity (primary amino groups are the most widely used to obtain the reaction of the enzyme with surfaces, chemical modifiers, etc.) and even its “in vivo” behavior. This review will show some examples of chemical (mainly modifying the carboxylic groups using the carbodiimide route), physical (using polycationic polymers like polyethyleneimine) and genetic amination of the enzyme surface. Special emphasis will be put on cases where the amination is performed to improve subsequent protein modifications. Thus, amination has been used to increase the intensity of the enzyme/support multipoint covalent attachment, to improve the interaction with cation exchanger supports or polymers, or to promote the formation of crosslinkings (both intra-molecular and in the production of crosslinked enzyme aggregates). In other cases, amination has been used to directly modulate the enzyme properties (both in immobilized or free form). Amination of the enzyme surface may also pursue other goals not related to biocatalysis. For example, it has been used to improve the raising of antibodies against different compounds (both increasing the number of haptamers per enzyme and the immunogenicity of the composite) or the ability to penetrate cell membranes. Thus, amination may be a very powerful tool to improve the use of enzymes and proteins in many different areas and a great expansion of its usage may be expected in the near future.This work has been supported by grant CTQ2013-41507-R from Spanish MINECO, grant no. 1102-489-25428 from COLCIENCIAS and Universidad Industrial de Santander (VIE-UIS Research Program) and CNPq and FAPERGS (Brazil). A. Berenguer-Murcia thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion for a Ramon y Cajal fellowship (RyC-2009–03813)