La importancia del riesgo percibido en la imagen de destino y sus efectos sobre la intención de comportamiento

En este trabajo analizamos el proceso mediante el cual la decisión de visitar un destino es el resultado de evaluar su imagen, siendo el riesgo un factor importante que influye en la imagen del destino. Teniendo en cuenta la literatura previa, y considerando el carácter multidimensional de estos dos constructos, proponemos una clasificación de los diferentes enfoques que vinculan el riesgo y la imagen con la intención del comportamiento. Este trabajo, sin ser una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, aclara el estado en el que se encuentra el estudio de este tema y brinda orientación a los investigadores en este campo.In this work we analyze the process by which the decision of visiting a destination is the result of evaluating its image, being risk an important factor that has an effect on the destination’s image. Taking the previous literature into account, and considering the multidimensional character of these two constructs, we propose a classification of the different approaches that link risk and image with behavioral intention. This work, without being an exhaustive review of the literature, clarifies the state in which the study of this subject is found and gives guidance to the researchers in this field

Turismo y prospecciones petrolíferas en Canarias

El objetivo de este informe técnico es reflejar y clasificar, en un único documento, los principales argumentos que han alimentado el debate social, político y económico en torno a las prospecciones petrolíferas en Canarias en los últimos meses. En este sentido los autores han querido ser rigurosos al expresar la información disponible y la opinión de los expertos y los implicados en el debate. En ocasiones, se hacen patentes argumentos contradictorios y, en otras, se contrasta la información que se proporciona con lo publicado por distintas fuentes. Por otro lado, los autores de este informe técnico son los únicos responsables de su contenido, errores y omisiones. La Catedra de Turismo CajaCanarias – ASHOTEL – Universidad de La Laguna, ni las entidades patrocinadoras de este órgano (Fundación CajaCanarias, ASHOTEL y Universidad de La Laguna) no son responsables del contenido del informe. En ningún caso han pretendido expresar un posicionamiento a favor o en contra de las prospecciones, ni a nivel personal, ni de las instituciones que han encargado su elaboración

Database of spatial distribution of non indigenous species in Spanish marine waters

Research in marine Spanish waters are focused on several actions to achieve an effectively management on protected areas, with the active participation of the stakeholders and research as basic tools for decision-making. Among these actions, there is one about the knowledge and control on NIS. One of its objectives is the creation of NIS factsheets, which are going to be added to the National Marine Biodiversity Geographical System (GIS) providing complementary information about taxonomic classification, common names, taxonomic synonyms, species illustrations, identification morphological characters, habitat in the native and introduced regions, biological and ecological traits, GenBank DNA sequences, world distribution, first record and evolution in the introduced areas, likely pathways of introduction, effects in the habitats and interaction with native species, and potential management measures to apply. The database will also provide data for (1) the European online platforms, (2) the environmental assessment for the Descriptor 2 (D2-NIS) of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), as well as (3) supporting decisions made by stakeholders. It is the result of extensive collaboration among scientist, manager’s and citizen science in the Spanish North-Atlantic, South-Atlantic, Gibraltar Strait-Alboran, Levantine-Balearic and Canary Islands marine divisions, providing an updated overview of the spatial distribution of relevant extended and invasive NIS of recent and established NIS introduced by maritime transport and aquaculture pathways, as well as on cryptogenic or native species in expansion due to the climatic water warming trend

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Las energías renovables y las políticas de ahorro energético en las Islas Canarias

En este trabajo se analizan las posibilidades de desarrollo de las energías renovables así como las medidas de ahorro energético que se están llevando a cabo en el archipiélago canario y que constituyen objetivos prioritarios de la política energética en las islas. Las condiciones especiales del sistema energético canario provocan que el autoabastecimiento de energía primaria sea casi nulo a la vez que existe una dependencia casi exclusiva de los derivados del petróleo. El desarrollo en Canarias de las energías renovables está condicionado por la poca importancia de la energía hidraúlica y la biomasa, siendo la energía solar térmica, y la energía eólica las fuentes con más posibilidades de crecimiento. Suponiendo niveles de aumento del consumo similares a los registrados en la última década, la participación de estas fuentes de energía sobre la energía primaria para el mercado interior sería, en el mejor de los casos, de un 5,2 por 100. Por esta razón es fundamental el fomento del ahorro energético a través de políticas de gestión de la demanda

Contribución de las funciones de costes al debate sobre la liberalización del sector eléctrico

En este estudio se analizan los principales trabajos que estiman funciones de costes en la industria eléctrica especialmente en el ámbito de la multiproducción. En diversos países se están llevando a cabo diversos procesos de liberalización y reforma que suponen la desintegración del modelo integrado tradicional. La estimación y estudio de la función de costes nos proporciona una herramienta fundamental para poder evaluar la conveniencia de estos procesos. Los trabajos estudiados indican mayoritariamente que las fases de distribución y transmisión presentan características de monopolio natural mientras que en generación es posible la liberalización. Sin embargo, el diseño de un sistema competitivo debe tener en cuenta la existencia de las economías derivadas del funcionamiento coordinado del sector y de las economías de la integración vertical entre generación y distribución.Economías de integración; liberalización; multiproducción

The public promotion of wind energy in Spain from the transaction costs perspective 1986–2007

International audienc

The public promotion of renewable energies sources in the electricity industry from the Transaction Costs perspective. The Spanish case

International audienc