Acute Effects of Different Set Configurations on Neuromuscular, Metabolic, and Perceptual Responses in Young Women

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 974-986, 2023. We compared neuromuscular, metabolic, and perceptual responses between different resistance training configurations in young women. In a counterbalanced randomized order, 13 young women performed the following protocols in separate sessions (sets x repetitions): traditional (TRAD): 5x10, 90-s of rest interval between sets; more frequent and shorter total rest (FSR): 10x5, 30-s of rest interval between sets. The sessions were composed of leg press exercise with the same intensity. Force (maximum voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]) and metabolic (lactate concentration) responses were measured pre- and post-resistance training sessions. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was measured after each set. The internal training load was calculated using the session-RPE method. There was a significant reduction in the MVIC only after TRAD configuration (Effect size [ES] = 0.36). The lactate concentration increased in both conditions but was higher after TRAD (ES = 2.81) than FSR (ES = 1.23). The RPE has progressively increased in both configurations. On the other hand, the internal training load was lower in the FSR configuration. From our findings, we suggest that more frequent and shorter total rest is an effective strategy for maintaining the ability to produce force, generating less metabolic stress and lower perceived internal load in young women

Molecular diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia: an important tool for cardiovascular risk stratification [59]

ABSTRACT Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is associated with an increased risk of premature coronary heart disease. Molecular identification of these patients can reduce the burden of mortality from cardiovascular disorders simply by the correct identification of the disease early in life, followed by counseling and appropriate lifestyle modifications, and therapeutic measures when required. Recent studies show that, in Portugal, this disease is severely under-diagnosed. After more than 10 years of research through the Portuguese FH Study, it is now possible to translate the original research results into clinical application. Aims: The main aims of the present work were to determine whether clinical characterization is sufficient to identify these individuals at high risk of developing CHD and to evaluate the clinical applicability of molecular diagnosis for FH. Methods: All patients described in this study were recruited for the Portuguese FH Study. The diagnostic criteria used to select the index patients were adapted from th

Coexistence of Pheochromocytoma and Renal Artery Stenosis in a Pediatric Patient with Hypertension

Pheochromocytoma and renal artery stenosis are surgically treatable causes of hypertension. Although rare, the coexistence of pheochromocytoma and renal artery stenosis has been described in case reports. Common pathophysiological mechanisms other than extrinsic compression may be involved in this association, such as catecholamine-induced vasospasm. The early recognition of the association of pheochromocytoma with renal artery stenosis is essential for appropriate treatment planning. We present the case of a previously healthy tenyear- old boy who presented with hypertensive encephalopathy, tachycardia and diaphoresis. Hypertension was found to be secondary to a catecholamine-producing tumor associated with coexisting renal artery stenosis. Hypertension resolved a few months after successful pheochromocytoma excision, without renal artery revascularization.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Modelling Hydrodynamic Drag in Swimming using Computational Fluid Dynamics

In the sports field, numerical simulation techniques have been shown to provide useful information about performance and to play an important role as a complementary tool to physical experiments. Indeed, this methodology has produced significant improvements in equipment design and technique prescription in different sports (Kellar et al., 1999; Pallis et al., 2000; Dabnichki & Avital, 2006). In swimming, this methodology has been applied in order to better understand swimming performance. Thus, the numerical techniques have been addressed to study the propulsive forces generated by the propelling segments (Rouboa et al., 2006; Marinho et al., 2009a) and the hydrodynamic drag forces resisting forward motion (Silva et al., 2008; Marinho et al., 2009b). Although the swimmer’s performance is dependent on both drag and propulsive forces, within this chapter the focus is only on the analysis of the hydrodynamic drag. Therefore, this chapter covers topics in swimming drag simulation from a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) perspective. This perspective means emphasis on the fluid mechanics and CFD methodology applied in swimming research. One of the main aims for performance (velocity) enhancement of swimming is to minimize drag forces resisting forward motion, for a given trust. This chapter will concentrate on numerical simulation results, considering the scientific simulation point-of-view, for this practical implication in swimming. In the first part of the chapter, we introduce the issue, the main aims of the chapter and a brief explanation of the CFD methodology. Then, the contribution of different studies for swimming using CFD and some practical applications of this methodology are presented. During the chapter the authors will attempt to present the CFD data and to address some practical concerns to swimmers and coaches, comparing as well the numerical data with other experimental data available in the literature

Cardiotoxicity in haematological diseases : are the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib and nilotinib safe?

Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2017.Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is a growing concern. The true cardiotoxic impact of new drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors is unknown, especially the ones used for chronic myeloid leukaemia. We aim to evaluate nilotinib and imatinib induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: Single-center prospective study of consecutive patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors during 2015. Patients underwent an initial clinical, laboratorial and echocardiographic evaluation, repeated one year after therapy initiation. Results: Eleven patients were included [60.0 (11) years, 63.6% of males; 7 patients treated with imatinib and 4 with nilotinib]. After one year of follow-up, all patients remained in functional NYHA class I, with a similar Minnesota quality of life score [21 (20) vs. 21 (19), p = NS]. Also there was no difference in the biomarkers evaluated: cystatin-C [0.9 (0.2) vs. 0.8 (0.2) mg/L, p = NS; NT-proBNP 46.0 (45.0) vs. 42.0 (34.0) pg/mL, p = NS]. Previous to the TKI treatment, all patients had normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [(median 67% (63–69)], without structural abnormalities. During the follow-up, there weren't differences regarding the LVEF, left atrium volume, E/A ratio, deceleration time, septal e', lateral e', E/e' ratio and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. With regard to myocardial deformation, all patients presented normal values of longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain in the baseline study, without changes during follow-up [DML -21.3 (6, 1) vs. -21.7 (6.0)%, p = NS; DMC -20.0 (9.3) vs. -22.3 (5.3)%, p = NS; DMR 36.9 (21.3) vs. 39.2 (19.2)%, p = NS]. In addition, there were no differences between the two tyrosine kinase inhibitors used, considering all the aforementioned variables. Conclusion: No clinical, laboratory or echocardiographic evidence of nilotinib and imatinib induced cardiotoxicity was observed, even when myocardial deformation analysis was performed. However, these results should be confirmed in larger studies, ideally multicentre, given the low incidence of chronic myeloid leukaemia.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Differential branching fraction and angular analysis of the decay B0→K∗0μ+μ−

The angular distribution and differential branching fraction of the decay B 0→ K ∗0 μ + μ − are studied using a data sample, collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1. Several angular observables are measured in bins of the dimuon invariant mass squared, q 2. A first measurement of the zero-crossing point of the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon system is also presented. The zero-crossing point is measured to be q20=4.9±0.9GeV2/c4 , where the uncertainty is the sum of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The results are consistent with the Standard Model predictions

Measurement of the relative rate of prompt χc0, χc1 and χc2 production at √s=7TeV

Prompt production of charmonium χc0, χc1 and χc2 mesons is studied using proton-proton collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=7TeV. The χc mesons are identified through their decay to J/ψγ, with J/ψ→μ+mu− using photons that converted in the detector. A data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0fb−1 collected by the LHCb detector, is used to measure the relative prompt production rate of χc1 and χc2 in the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.5 as a function of the J/ψ transverse momentum from 3 to 20 GeV/c. First evidence for χc0 meson production at a hadron collider is also presented

Search for the lepton-flavor-violating decays Bs0→e±μ∓ and B0→e±μ∓

A search for the lepton-flavor-violating decays Bs0→e±μ∓ and B0→e±μ∓ is performed with a data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0  fb-1 of pp collisions at √s=7  TeV, collected by the LHCb experiment. The observed number of Bs0→e±μ∓ and B0→e±μ∓ candidates is consistent with background expectations. Upper limits on the branching fractions of both decays are determined to be B(Bs0→e±μ∓)101  TeV/c2 and MLQ(B0→e±μ∓)>126  TeV/c2 at 95% C.L., and are a factor of 2 higher than the previous bounds

Measurement of the mass and lifetime of the Ωb−\Omega_b^- baryon

A proton-proton collision data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb$^{-1}$ collected by LHCb at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 8 TeV, is used to reconstruct $63\pm9$ $\Omega_b^-\to\Omega_c^0\pi^-$, $\Omega_c^0\to pK^-K^-\pi^+$ decays. Using the $\Xi_b^-\to\Xi_c^0\pi^-$, $\Xi_c^0\to pK^-K^-\pi^+$ decay mode for calibration, the lifetime ratio and absolute lifetime of the $\Omega_b^-$ baryon are measured to be \begin{align*} \frac{\tau_{\Omega_b^-}}{\tau_{\Xi_b^-}} &= 1.11\pm0.16\pm0.03, \\ \tau_{\Omega_b^-} &= 1.78\pm0.26\pm0.05\pm0.06~{\rm ps}, \end{align*} where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic and from the calibration mode (for $\tau_{\Omega_b^-}$ only). A measurement is also made of the mass difference, $m_{\Omega_b^-}-m_{\Xi_b^-}$, and the corresponding $\Omega_b^-$ mass, which yields \begin{align*} m_{\Omega_b^-}-m_{\Xi_b^-} &= 247.4\pm3.2\pm0.5~{\rm MeV}/c^2, \\ m_{\Omega_b^-} &= 6045.1\pm3.2\pm 0.5\pm0.6~{\rm MeV}/c^2. \end{align*} These results are consistent with previous measurements.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2016-008.htm