Skull Vibration Induced Nystagmus Test: Correlations with Semicircular Canal and Otolith Asymmetries

Background: To establish in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders relations between skull vibration-induced nystagmus (SVIN) different components (horizontal, vertical, torsional) and the results of different structurally related vestibular tests. Methods: SVIN test, canal vestibular test (CVT: caloric test + video head impulse test: VHIT), otolithic vestibular test (OVT: ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential oVEMP + cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential cVEMP) performed on the same day in 52 patients with peripheral vestibular diseases (age < 65 years), and 11 control patients were analyzed. Mixed effects logistic regression analysis was performed to assert whether the presence of nystagmus in SVIN (3D analysis) have an association with the presence of peripheral vestibular dysfunction measured by vestibular explorations (CVT or OVT). Results: We obtained different groups: Group-Co (control group), Group-VNT (dizzy patients with no vestibular tests alterations), Group-O (OVT alterations only), Group-C (CVT alterations only), Group-M (mixed alterations). SVIN-SPV horizontal component was significantly higher in Group-M than in the other groups (p = 0.005) and correlated with alterations of lateral-VHIT (p < 0.001), caloric test (p = 0.002) and oVEMP (p = 0.006). SVIN-SPV vertical component was correlated with the anterior-VHIT and oVEMP alterations (p = 0.007; p = 0.017, respectively). SVIN-SPV torsional component was correlated with the anterior-VHIT positivity (p = 0.017). SVIN was the only positive test for 10% of patients (83% of Group-VNT). Conclusion: SVIN-SPV analysis in dizzy patients shows significant correlation to both CVT and OVT. SVIN horizontal component is mainly relevant to both vestibular tests exploring lateral canal and utricle responses. SVIN-SPV is significantly higher in patients with combined canal and otolith lesions. In some patients with dizziness, SVIN may be the only positive test

Étude du comblement osseux dans la chirurgie du cholestéatome par application de modèles multi-états

Introduction: Cholesteatoma is a benign but agressive epidermictumour of middle ear and posterior mastoidian cavity. Treatment of this pathology is radical surgical resection, but a new post surgery retraction pocket can occur and define a cholesteatoma recurrence and residual cholesteatoma results of incomplete surgical removal of the cholesteatoma matrix. Mastoid and attic obliteration seems to decrease recurrent and residual cholesteatoma. We found very few comparative studies on the mastoid obliteration. Multistate statistical survival models can be adapted to this type of chronic ear diseases. Method: A retrospective monocentric study was conducted on a cohort of patients who benefited of cholesteatoma surgery by canal wall up and canal wall down technique on a ten years period (2008-2018) by one skilled otologist who used mastoid obliteration with Bone Pâté since 2013. Non parametric and parametric multistate survival models (Semi Markovian) with adjustement propensity score ponderation (IPW method) were used. Results: Mastoid obliteration was a good protective technique for recurrent cholesteatoma risk (HR= 0.14, p<0.01) or residual cholesteatoma (HR=0.06, p<0.01) but didn't change the risk of new functional surgery (HR=1.05, p=0.84). Obliteration with bone pâté didn't decrease audioloc results (p=0.66) and is a safe and easy technique.Introduction : Le cholestéatome est une tumeur bénigne épidermique agressive envahissant les cavités de l’oreille moyenne, dont l’origine est probablement multifactorielle et dont le traitement est chirurgical. La récidive est définie par la réapparition en post-opératoire d’une poche tympanique cholestéatomateuse, alors que le cholestéatome résiduel correspond à la croissance de matrice épidermique laissée lors de l’intervention. Le comblement osseux mastoïdien des cavités postérieures et atticales semble diminuer le taux de récidive et de résiduels. Or, peu d’études concernant le comblement sont comparatives. L’utilisation de modèles de survie multi-états s’adapte bien à ce type de pathologie chronique. Méthode : Nous avons étudié une cohorte monocentrique rétrospective de patients ayant été opérés d’un cholestéatome par voie postérieure sur une période de 10 ans (2008-2018), par un seul praticien otologiste expérimenté. La technique de comblement osseux atticomastoidien par Bone Pâté a démarré en 2013. Nous avons mis en place des modèles multi-états non paramétriques et paramétriques (Semi-Markoviens) avec un ajustement des nos cohortes par méthode de pondération inverse sur le score de propension (IPW). Résultats : Le comblement osseux est un facteur protecteur important vis-à-vis du risque de récidive (HR=0.14, p<0.01) et de cholestéatome résiduel (HR=006, p<0.01), mais ne change pas le risque de reprise pour une révision fonctionnelle (HR=1.05, p=0.84). Le comblement par Bone Pâté ne modifie pas les résultats audiologiques post opératoires (p=0.66) et ne provoque pas de complications spécifiques

Les sons percussifs : des consonnes plosives au Human Beatbox, corrélations acoustiques, aérodynamiques et endoscopiques

Human Beatbox is a recent vocal art. Little scientific work is available regarding this topic. We describe the mechanisms of laryngeal articulation on main effects of Human Beatbox, and compare them to the movements of articulation of speech consonants. Then we correlate laryngeal movements with aerodynamic data for one subject. Laryngeal articulation of Human Beatbox is highly reproducible within the same effect. Extreme conformations of laryngeal states in Beatbox, high amplitudes of the aerodynamic parameters and their rapid variation can be related to the high vocal energy of thisparalinguistic production.Le Human Beatbox est une discipline vocale récente dont l’étude n’en est qu’à ses balbutiements. Après avoir décrit l’articulation laryngée d’effets du Beatbox comparativement aux consonnes plosives du Français. Nous essayons de corréler des données endoscopiques avec des données aérodynamiques recueillies chez un de nos sujets.Les mouvements pharyngo-laryngés du Human Beatbox montrent une grande unité d’articulation au sein d’une famille d’effet, mais avec des conformations laryngées extrêmes permettant une puissance vocale très importante mise en relation avec des variations aérodynamiques très fortes et rapides

The first description of cholesteatoma by Hippocrate

International audienc

Lateralization of the Vocal Fold: Results of an Exclusive Transoral Approach

International audienc

Skull Vibration Induced Nystagmus Test: Correlations with Semicircular Canal and Otolith Asymmetries

Background: To establish in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders relations between skull vibration-induced nystagmus (SVIN) different components (horizontal, vertical, torsional) and the results of different structurally related vestibular tests. Methods: SVIN test, canal vestibular test (CVT: caloric test + video head impulse test: VHIT), otolithic vestibular test (OVT: ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential oVEMP + cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential cVEMP) performed on the same day in 52 patients with peripheral vestibular diseases (age p = 0.005) and correlated with alterations of lateral-VHIT (p p = 0.002) and oVEMP (p = 0.006). SVIN-SPV vertical component was correlated with the anterior-VHIT and oVEMP alterations (p = 0.007; p = 0.017, respectively). SVIN-SPV torsional component was correlated with the anterior-VHIT positivity (p = 0.017). SVIN was the only positive test for 10% of patients (83% of Group-VNT). Conclusion: SVIN-SPV analysis in dizzy patients shows significant correlation to both CVT and OVT. SVIN horizontal component is mainly relevant to both vestibular tests exploring lateral canal and utricle responses. SVIN-SPV is significantly higher in patients with combined canal and otolith lesions. In some patients with dizziness, SVIN may be the only positive test

Extreme vocal techniques for producing distorted sounds in rock and metal singing

International audienceRock and metal singing utilize distorted sounds for aesthetic and expressive purposes. What are the vocal techniques that are used to safely produce screams, growls, and yells in distorted singing? What are the laryngeal structures that are implied into such voice production?This workshop aims to provide some insights into several extreme vocal techniques that are used by professional rock and metal singers, exploring the physiological behavior related to several specific sounds (distortion, false cord, fry scream, whistle fry, growl, yell scream, tunnel throat, guttural) by means of laryngeal endoscopy combined with breathing plethysmography, electroglottography and acoustic assessments. The sounds will be illustrated, and some clues for teaching them will be given. The physiological correlates will be detailed and discussed. The contributions of vestibular and aryepiglottic folds will be shown

Extreme vocal techniques for producing distorted sounds in rock and metal singing

International audienc