INGLÊS PARA FINS ESPECÍFICOS: CURSO PREPARATÓRIO PARA PROVAS DE PROFICIÊNCIA, LEITURA E INTERPRETAÇÃO DE TEXTO

Com o advento da globalização e a ascensão do inglês como língua franca, pesquisas e publicações na língua inglesa, provenientes dos quatro cantos do mundo, tornam-se inevitáveis. Assim, na atualidade, a demanda por conhecimento da língua inglesa, mesmo que parcialmente, faz-se indispensável para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa no meio acadêmico; consequentemente, o inglês assume importância irrefutável, tanto ao se fazer pesquisa, como também ao divulgá-la. Por esse motivo, os programas de pós-graduação apresentam a proficiência em língua inglesa como um dos requisitos para beneficiar os estudos na pós-graduação. Desse modo, o curso de extensão Língua Inglesa: Leitura e Interpretação de Texto foi desenvolvido com o intuito de instrumentalizar o público alvo com técnicas de leitura que o auxiliasse na prova de proficiência e na atualização acadêmica e profissional

INGLÊS PARA FINS ESPECÍFICOS: CURSO PREPARATÓRIO PARA PROVAS DE PROFICIÊNCIA, LEITURA E INTERPRETAÇÃO DE TEXTO

Com o advento da globalização e a ascensão do inglês como língua franca, pesquisas e publicações na língua inglesa, provenientes dos quatro cantos do mundo, tornam-se inevitáveis. Assim, na atualidade, a demanda por conhecimento da língua inglesa, mesmo que parcialmente, faz-se indispensável para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa no meio acadêmico; consequentemente, o inglês assume importância irrefutável, tanto ao se fazer pesquisa, como também ao divulgá-la. Por esse motivo, os programas de pós-graduação apresentam a proficiência em língua inglesa como um dos requisitos para beneficiar os estudos na pós-graduação. Desse modo, o curso de extensão Língua Inglesa: Leitura e Interpretação de Texto foi desenvolvido com o intuito de instrumentalizar o público alvo com técnicas de leitura que o auxiliasse na prova de proficiência e na atualização acadêmica e profissional

SOLINENGLISH AND OTHER LANGUAGES: HISTORIA DE UNA ACCIÓN DE LUZ

Taking into consideration the importance of extra curriculum activities for the academic community, and for members of the external community in which the university is inserted, this work presents a brief historical account of the activity called SolinEnglish and Other Languages, developed at the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB, for a period of eleven years. The report focuses on characteristics that vary from the historical aspects to elements that relate to the themes addressed in the activities, the participants, the involvement of faculty, students and staff members, the various impacts caused by the action and academic productions generated as a result of this process to the field of Applied Linguistics, and Critical Applied Linguistics, more specifically in its aspect with emphasis on language teaching and learning.Considerando a importância das ações extensionistas para a comunidade acadêmica e para membros da comunidade externa em que a universidade está inserida, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um breve relato histórico da ação denominada SolinEnglish and Other Languages, desenvolvida na Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB, por um período de onze anos. O relato assinala aspectos que variam desde a questão histórica, até elementos que dizem respeito às temáticas tratadas, público-alvo alcançado, envolvimento do corpo docente, discente e técnico, os diversos impactos causados pela ação extensionista e produções acadêmicas geradas como resultado desse processo, para o campo da Linguística Aplicada e da Linguística Aplicada Crítica, mais especificamente em sua vertente com ênfase no ensino-aprendizagem de línguas.Considerando la importancia de las acciones extensionistas para la comunidad académica y para los miembros de la comunidad externa en la que se inserta la universidad, este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar un breve recuento histórico de la acción denominada SolinEnglish and Other Languages, desarrollada en la Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahía, UESB, por un período de once años. El informe se enfoca en aspectos que varían desde la cuestión histórica, hasta elementos que se relacionan con las temáticas abordadas, el público alcanzado, el involucramiento de la facultad, estudiantes y técnicos, los diversos impactos provocados por la acción extensionista y las producciones académicas generados como resultado de este proceso, al campo de la Lingüística Aplicada, y la Lingüística Aplicada Crítica, más específicamente en su vertiente que se enfoca en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de idiomas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data