Loss of subjects in nursing students: economical, psychosocial and family related aspects

Introduction: The analysis of subjects predicts academic performance and promotes the implementation of interventions for student improvement. Objective: To evaluate the loss of subjects and the existence of associated factors such as socio-demographic, academic, family, economic and health in nursing students from the Industrial University of Santander during the first year of their career. Methods: Analytic cross-sectional study, perform in students during their first year of study, from academic and psychosocial information collected between 2005 and 2012. A negative binomial regression was performed to identify factors related to the number of subjects not passed. Results: 171 (63.33%) students did not pass a subject and a student lost an average of 1.92 subjects. The greatest loss was found in basic science subjects. As associated factors with the decrease in the number of subjects failed, variables such as work before presenting the state exam for admission to higher education, educational level of the mother and depression were identified; in contrast, higher income, family dysfunction, anxiety and cigarette use were associated with a greater loss of subjects. Conclusion: The subjects of basic science are academic factors that influence the loss of subjects of nursing students; equally familiar aspects as functionality, income, maternal education and psychosocial conditions such as depression, anxiety and cigarette smoking, can affect the success or failure in the subjects.Introducción: El análisis de las asignaturas predice el desempeño académico y favorece la ejecución de intervenciones para el mejoramiento estudiantil. Objetivo: Evaluar la pérdida de asignaturas y la existencia de factores asociados; tales como los sociodemográficos, académicos, familiares, económicos y de salud, en estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Industrial de Santander durante el primer año de su carrera. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal analítico, realizado en estudiantes durante su primer año de estudios, a partir de información académica y psicosocial, recogida entre el 2005 y 2012. Se realizó una regresión binomial negativa para identificar los factores relacionados al número de materias no aprobadas. Resultados: 171 (63.33%) estudiantes no aprobaron alguna asignatura y en promedio un estudiante perdió 1,92 materias. La mayor pérdida se encontró en asignaturas de ciencias básicas. Como factores asociados a la disminución del número de materias reprobadas, se identificaron variables como trabajar antes de presentar el examen de estado para el ingreso a la educación superior, nivel educativo de la madre y depresión; en contraste, mayores ingresos, disfunción familiar, ansiedad y uso de cigarrillo, se asociaron a una mayor pérdida de materias. Conclusión: Las materias de ciencias básicas son factores académicos que influyen en la pérdida de materias de estudiantes de enfermería; igualmente, aspectos familiares como su funcionalidad, ingreso económico, educación de la madre y condiciones psicosociales como depresión, ansiedad y consumo de cigarrillo, pueden afectar el éxito o fracaso en las asignaturas

Determinación de isotermas de adsorción y entalpías de inmersión de carbon activado en soluciones acuosas de 3-cloro fenol a diferente ph

Se estudia el efecto que produce el pH de la solución en la adsorción y la entalpía de inmersión de un carbón activado en soluciones acuosas de 3-cloro fenol. El carbón activado presenta un área superficial de 685 m2g-1, mayor contenido de grupos ácidos totales y un pH en el punto de carga cero, ligeramente ácido. Los valores de pH a los que se realizan lasisotermas son 3, 5, 7, 9 y 11. Se obtienen valores de la cantidad máxima adsorbida entre 96,2 y 46,4 mgg-1, para cada uno de los valores de pH, y valores entre 0,422 y 0,965 Lmg-1, para la constante de Langmuir. La cantidad máxima adsorbida disminuye con el pH, y el máximo valor para esta se encuentra en el pH de 5. Se determinan las entalpías de inmersión del carbón activado en una solución de concentración constante de 3-cloro fenol a los diferentes pH, con un valor máximo de 37,6 Jg-1 para el pH de 5. Se determinan entalpías de inmersión del carbón activado en función de la concentración de la solución de 3-cloro fenol a pH 5, de máxima adsorción, y se calcula la entalpía de inmersión máxima, con un valor de 41,67 Jg-1

Loss of subjects in nursing students: economical, psychosocial and family related aspects

Introduction: The analysis of subjects predicts academic performance and promotes the implementation of interventions for student improvement. Objective: To evaluate the loss of subjects and the existence of associated factors such as socio-demographic, academic, family, economic and health in nursing students from the Industrial University of Santander during the first year of their career. Methods: Analytic cross-sectional study, perform in students during their first year of study, from academic and psychosocial information collected between 2005 and 2012. A negative binomial regression was performed to identify factors related to the number of subjects not passed. Results: 171 (63.33%) students did not pass a subject and a student lost an average of 1.92 subjects. The greatest loss was found in basic science subjects. As associated factors with the decrease in the number of subjects failed, variables such as work before presenting the state exam for admission to higher education, educational level of the mother and depression were identified; in contrast, higher income, family dysfunction, anxiety and cigarette use were associated with a greater loss of subjects. Conclusion: The subjects of basic science are academic factors that influence the loss of subjects of nursing students; equally familiar aspects as functionality, income, maternal education and psychosocial conditions such as depression, anxiety and cigarette smoking, can affect the success or failure in the subjects.Introducción: El análisis de las asignaturas predice el desempeño académico y favorece la ejecución de intervenciones para el mejoramiento estudiantil. Objetivo: Evaluar la pérdida de asignaturas y la existencia de factores asociados; tales como los sociodemográficos, académicos, familiares, económicos y de salud, en estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Industrial de Santander durante el primer año de su carrera. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal analítico, realizado en estudiantes durante su primer año de estudios, a partir de información académica y psicosocial, recogida entre el 2005 y 2012. Se realizó una regresión binomial negativa para identificar los factores relacionados al número de materias no aprobadas. Resultados: 171 (63.33%) estudiantes no aprobaron alguna asignatura y en promedio un estudiante perdió 1,92 materias. La mayor pérdida se encontró en asignaturas de ciencias básicas. Como factores asociados a la disminución del número de materias reprobadas, se identificaron variables como trabajar antes de presentar el examen de estado para el ingreso a la educación superior, nivel educativo de la madre y depresión; en contraste, mayores ingresos, disfunción familiar, ansiedad y uso de cigarrillo, se asociaron a una mayor pérdida de materias. Conclusión: Las materias de ciencias básicas son factores académicos que influyen en la pérdida de materias de estudiantes de enfermería; igualmente, aspectos familiares como su funcionalidad, ingreso económico, educación de la madre y condiciones psicosociales como depresión, ansiedad y consumo de cigarrillo, pueden afectar el éxito o fracaso en las asignaturas

Textural Characteristics and Energetic Parameters of Activated Carbon Monoliths: Experiments and Monte Carlo Simulations

Disc-type activated carbon monoliths were prepared through chemical activation of coconut shell and African palm pits with phosphoric acid at different concentrations, without using any binder. The structures thereby produced were studied experimentally by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, carbon dioxide adsorption at 273 K and immersion calorimetry in benzene. The experimental data allowed the textural and energetic characterization of the microporous solids to be obtained, viz. BET areas between 752 and 1711 m2/g,micropore volumes between 0.32 and 0.61 cm3/g, ultramicropore volumes between 0.11 and 0.24 cm3/g and immersion enthalpy values between 95.85 and 147.7 J/g. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations were used to analyze the experimental results, providing an interpretation of, as well as a more detailed characterization, of the textural properties, such as the determination of the pore-size distribution (PSD) of each material.Fil: Vargas, Diana P.. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Alexandre de Oliveira, José Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Giraldo, Liliana. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Moreno Piraján, Juan Carlos. Universidad de Los Andes; VenezuelaFil: López, Raúl Horacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Zgrablich, Jorge Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentin

Preparation and Characterization of Textural and Energetic Parameters of Common and Functionalized SBA-15 Mesoporous Silicas

A set of SBA-15 ordered mesoporous silicas presenting different surface acidities was obtained by organo-functionalization. Amino and sulphonic groups were attached onto the silica surface in order to determine the influence of organo-functionalization with acidic and basic moieties on the adsorption properties of silica. Cephalexin, an antibiotic molecule characterized by its zwitterionic nature, was selected as the adsorbate. The obtained matrices were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K. Enthalpies of immersion into water, benzene and cephalexin solutions were measured by immersion calorimetry, and the cephalexin adsorption capacities of the different matrices were also determined. The structure of SBA-15 was conserved in the functionalized samples despite a noticeable reduction in the BET surface area, pore volume and pore size. It was found that the inclusion of amino groups promoted interaction between the adsorbent and adsorbate, thereby favouring the retention of cephalexin.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada

Oportunidad para aprender del feedback correctivo, necesidades psicológicas y afectos positivos en alumnos de educación física

The following objective was proposed, based on the principles of SDT theory (Deci & Ryan, 2002; Ryan & Deci, 2017): the interrelationships between the opportunity to learn from teacher feedback, the basic psychological needs, and positive emotions of elementary-level students in physical education class. The sample consisted of 448 students, aged between 10 and 13 years (M = 10.58; SD = 0.54), 207 males [M = 10.55 years; SD = 0.57] and 241 females [M = 10.60; SD = 0.51], from sixth grade in Monterrey, Mexico. They had classes twice a week (M = 1.68; SD = 0.47) with a duration of 40 minutes. The results of structural equation analyses indicated that the opportunity to learn turned out to be a significant and positive predictor of basic psychological needs satisfaction (β1 = .53, p < .001), and these, in turn, were positively and significantly related to positive emotions (β2 = .54, p < .001). In conclusion, the opportunity to learn from corrective feedback significantly influences the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and positive emotions in physical education students who participated in this study. These findings suggest that the way the teacher provides corrective feedback can ensure that their students perceive it as an opportunity to learn and improve their performance during practice.Se planteó el siguiente objetivo,desde los planteamientos de la teoría SDT (NPB Deci & Ryan, 2002; Ryan & Deci, 2017), las interrelaciones entre la oportunidad para aprender del feedback por parte del profesor, con las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y afectos positivos de los estudiantes de nivel primaria en la clase de educación física. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 448 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas entre 10 y 13 años (M = 10.58; DT = 0.54), 207 hombres [M = 10.55 años; DT = .57] y  241 mujeres [M = 10.60; DT = .51] de sexto grado de primaria de Monterrey, México. Tenían clases dos veces por semana ( M = 1.68; DT = 0.47) con una duración de 40 minutos. Los resultados de los análisis de ecuaciones estructurales indicaron que la oportunidad para aprender resultó ser un predictor positivo y significativo de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas (b1 = .53, p < .001) y estás, a su vez, fueron positivos y significativos con los afectos positivos (b2 = .54, p < .001). En conclusión, la oportunidad para aprender del feedback correctivo influye de manera significativa en la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y en los afectos positivos de los alumnos de educación física que participaron en este estudio. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la forma en el que el profesor proporcione un feedback correctivo puede asegurar que sus estudiantes lo perciban como una oportunidad para aprender y mejorar en su rendimiento durante la práctica

Segundo Congreso Salesiano de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad

La segunda edición del Congreso Salesiano de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS, realizado el 2 y 3 de diciembre de 2015 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (sede Guayaquil), ofreció un espacio idóneo para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones (nacionales e internacionales) a los docentes investigadores y a la comunidad universitaria en general. Los trabajos recogidos en estas Memorias Académicas pertenecen a diferentes líneas de investigación del área de la Ingeniería: Telecomunicaciones, Automatización y Control, Procesos Industriales, Sistemas Eléctricos de Potencia, Telemática e Informática Aplicada, áreas de interés en esta segunda edición del CITIS. Cabe destacar que se evidencia la preocupación por la dimensión humana y social mediante el desarrollo responsable de la ciencia y la tecnología. La realización de este Congreso ha puesto en evidencia la importancia y pertinencia de la actividad investigativa que se genera en las universidades (en proyectos desarrollados por los docentes investigadores e, incluso, por los estudiantes de grado y posgrado), así como los altos niveles de compromiso académico y social

The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-III

The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) is designed to measure the scale of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the clustering of matter over a larger volume than the combined efforts of all previous spectroscopic surveys of large scale structure. BOSS uses 1.5 million luminous galaxies as faint as i=19.9 over 10,000 square degrees to measure BAO to redshifts z<0.7. Observations of neutral hydrogen in the Lyman alpha forest in more than 150,000 quasar spectra (g<22) will constrain BAO over the redshift range 2.15<z<3.5. Early results from BOSS include the first detection of the large-scale three-dimensional clustering of the Lyman alpha forest and a strong detection from the Data Release 9 data set of the BAO in the clustering of massive galaxies at an effective redshift z = 0.57. We project that BOSS will yield measurements of the angular diameter distance D_A to an accuracy of 1.0% at redshifts z=0.3 and z=0.57 and measurements of H(z) to 1.8% and 1.7% at the same redshifts. Forecasts for Lyman alpha forest constraints predict a measurement of an overall dilation factor that scales the highly degenerate D_A(z) and H^{-1}(z) parameters to an accuracy of 1.9% at z~2.5 when the survey is complete. Here, we provide an overview of the selection of spectroscopic targets, planning of observations, and analysis of data and data quality of BOSS.Comment: 49 pages, 16 figures, accepted by A

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health: An international study

Background The COVID-19 pandemic triggered vast governmental lockdowns. The impact of these lockdowns on mental health is inadequately understood. On the one hand such drastic changes in daily routines could be detrimental to mental health. On the other hand, it might not be experienced negatively, especially because the entire population was affected. Methods The aim of this study was to determine mental health outcomes during pandemic induced lockdowns and to examine known predictors of mental health outcomes. We therefore surveyed n = 9,565 people from 78 countries and 18 languages. Outcomes assessed were stress, depression, affect, and wellbeing. Predictors included country, sociodemographic factors, lockdown characteristics, social factors, and psychological factors. Results Results indicated that on average about 10% of the sample was languishing from low levels of mental health and about 50% had only moderate mental health. Importantly, three consistent predictors of mental health emerged: social support, education level, and psychologically flexible (vs. rigid) responding. Poorer outcomes were most strongly predicted by a worsening of finances and not having access to basic supplies. Conclusions These results suggest that on whole, respondents were moderately mentally healthy at the time of a population-wide lockdown. The highest level of mental health difficulties were found in approximately 10% of the population. Findings suggest that public health initiatives should target people without social support and those whose finances worsen as a result of the lockdown. Interventions that promote psychological flexibility may mitigate the impact of the pandemic

To Help or Not to Help? Prosocial Behavior, Its Association With Well-Being, and Predictors of Prosocial Behavior During the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic

Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation awarded to ATG (PP00P1_ 163716/1 and PP00P1_190082). The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors (EH and ATG) but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Haller, Lubenko, Presti, Squatrito, Constantinou, Nicolaou, Papacostas, Aydın, Chong, Chien, Cheng, Ruiz, García-Martín, Obando-Posada, Segura-Vargas, Vasiliou, McHugh, Höfer, Baban, Dias Neto, da Silva, Monestès, Alvarez-Galvez, Paez-Blarrina, Montesinos, Valdivia-Salas, Ori, Kleszcz, Lappalainen, Ivanović, Gosar, Dionne, Merwin, Karekla, Kassianos and Gloster.The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic fundamentally disrupted humans’ social life and behavior. Public health measures may have inadvertently impacted how people care for each other. This study investigated prosocial behavior, its association well-being, and predictors of prosocial behavior during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and sought to understand whether region-specific differences exist. Participants (N = 9,496) from eight regions clustering multiple countries around the world responded to a cross-sectional online-survey investigating the psychological consequences of the first upsurge of lockdowns in spring 2020. Prosocial behavior was reported to occur frequently. Multiple regression analyses showed that prosocial behavior was associated with better well-being consistently across regions. With regard to predictors of prosocial behavior, high levels of perceived social support were most strongly associated with prosocial behavior, followed by high levels of perceived stress, positive affect and psychological flexibility. Sociodemographic and psychosocial predictors of prosocial behavior were similar across regions.publishersversionPeer reviewe