Permanência de estrangeiros e direitos humanos

Este trabalho questiona a legislação brasileira infraconstitucional no que se refere às possibilidades do estrangeiro, que possui familiares aqui residentes, em permanecer no país. À revelia de todos os tratados e acordos internacionais sobre direitos humanos do qual o Brasil é signatário, e da própria Constituição da República, cotidianamente as autoridades migratórias dificultam e impedem, através de atos tendentes a retiradas compulsória, que estrangeiros efetivem a unidade familiar dentro do território nacional, sob o argumento do Princípio da Legalidade e da Soberania. De fato, as normas infraconstitucionais, em muitos casos, não protegem o direito do estrangeiro em aqui permanecer com sua família. Entretanto, não se pode desconsiderar a auto-aplicabilidade dos direitos e garantias fundamentais previstas na Constituição e nos tratados e convenções internacionais sobre direitos humanos. Direitos e garantias estas, que, nos próprios termos da Constituição, também se aplicam aos estrangeiros residentes

Iron, silicate, and light co-limitation of three Southern Ocean diatom species

The effect of combined iron, silicate, and light co-limitation was investigated in the three diatom species Actinocyclus sp. Ehrenberg, Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg, and Chaetoceros debilis Cleve, isolated from the Southern Ocean (SO). Growth of all species was co-limited by iron and silicate, reflected in a significant increase in the number of cell divisions compared to the control. Lowest relative Si uptake and drastic frustule malformation was found under iron and silicate co-limitation in C. dichaeta, while Si limitation in general caused cell elongation in both Chaetoceros species. Higher light intensities similar to SO surface conditions showed a negative impact on growth of C. dichaeta and Actinocyclus sp. and no effect on C. debilis. This is in contrast to the assumed light limitation of SO diatoms due to deep wind driven mixing. Our results suggest that growth and species composition of Southern Ocean diatoms is influenced by a sensitive interaction of the abiotic factors, iron, silicate, and light

High anthropogenic carbon content in the eastern Mediterranean

This work presents data of dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity from a cruise to the Mediterranean Sea during October–November 2001, with the main focus on the CFC-12 data and on the eastern basin. Using the transit time distribution method, the anthropogenic carbon concentrations in the basin were estimated. Results were cross-checked with a back-calculation technique. The entire water column of the Mediterranean Sea contains anthropogenic CO2, with minimum concentrations of 20.5 μmol kg−1 (error range: 16.9–27.1 μmol kg−1) in the most eastern part of the basin at intermediate depths, where the waters' mean age is >130 yr. Column inventories of up to 154 mol m−2 (132–179 mol m−2) are found and a total inventory of 1.7 Pg (1.3–2.1 Pg) of anthropogenic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea was estimated. There is a net flux of 38 Tg yr−1 (30–47 Tg yr−1) of dissolved inorganic carbon through the Strait of Gibraltar into the Atlantic Ocean and an opposite net flux of 3.5 Tg yr−1 (−1.8–9.2 Tg yr−1) of anthropogenic carbon into the Mediterranean Sea

Early development of infants with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case series

Background Prospective studies of infants at familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have yielded insights into the earliest signs of the disorder but represent heterogeneous samples of unclear aetiology. Complementing this approach by studying cohorts of infants with monogenic syndromes associated with high rates of ASD offers the opportunity to elucidate the factors that lead to ASD. Methods We present the first report from a prospective study of ten 10-month-old infants with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a monogenic disorder with high prevalence of ASD or ASD symptomatology. We compared data from infants with NF1 to a large cohort of infants at familial risk for ASD, separated by outcome at age 3 of ASD (n = 34), atypical development (n = 44), or typical development (n = 89), and low-risk controls (n = 75). Domains assessed at 10 months by parent report and examiner observation include cognitive and adaptive function, sensory processing, social engagement, and temperament. Results Infants with NF1 showed striking impairments in motor functioning relative to low-risk infants; this pattern was seen in infants with later ASD from the familial cohort (HR-ASD). Both infants with NF1 and the HR-ASD group showed communication delays relative to low-risk infants. Conclusions Ten-month-old infants with NF1 show a range of developmental difficulties that were particularly striking in motor and communication domains. As with HR-ASD infants, social skills at this age were not notably impaired. This is some of the first information on early neurodevelopment in NF1. Strong inferences are limited by the sample size, but the findings suggest implications for early comparative developmental science and highlight motor functioning as an important domain to inform the development of relevant animal models. The findings have clinical implications in indicating an important focus for early surveillance and remediation in this early diagnosed genetic disorder

Identifying the main sources of Silicate in coastal waters of the southern Gulf of Valencia (Western Mediterranean Sea)

[EN] Silicon is a major nutrient for siliceous primary producers, which can become a potential limiting nutrient in oligotrophic areas. Most of the silicon inputs to the marine environment come from continental discharges, from both superficial and ground waters. This study analyses the main sources of silicon and their dynamics along the southernmost 43 km of shoreline in the Gulf of Valencia (Western Mediterranean Sea). The salinity and silicate concentration in the different compartments (springs, freshwater wells, beach groundwater, surf zone and coastal waters) in this coastal area were determined. In addition, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton community were analyzed in the surf zone and coastal waters. Silicate concentrations in freshwater wells ranged between 130 and 150 mu M, whereas concentrations of this nutrient declined to 49 mu M in freshwater-seawater mixture transects. At the same time, there was a positive gradient in silicate for both freshwater and coastal waters southward. An amount of 18.7 t of dissolved silicate was estimated in the nearest first kilometre nearest to the coastline, 6 t of this silicate belonged to the background sea level. On the other hand, the sum of the main rivers in the area supplies 1.6 t of dissolved silicate per day. This implies that a large amount of the remaining 11.1 t must derive from submarine groundwater discharges, which would thus represent 59% of the coastal dissolved silicate budget. Overall, it is suggested that a subterranean transport pathway must contribute considerably to silicate concentrations throughout this zone, which is characterized as permeable. (c) 2017 Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier Sp. z o.o.The authors acknowledge the financial support for this study from the CNPq (Brazil - Grant 303672/2013-7). We are very grateful for the valuable comments of anonymous reviewers on previous versions of the manuscript.Sospedra, J.; Niencheski, LFH.; Falco, S.; Andrade, C.; Attisano, K.; Rodilla, M. (2018). Identifying the main sources of Silicate in coastal waters of the southern Gulf of Valencia (Western Mediterranean Sea). Oceanologia. 60(1):52-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceano.2017.07.004S526460

Aragonite saturation state in a continental shelf (Gulf of Cádiz, SW IberianPeninsula): Evidences of acidification in the coastal area

The spatiotemporal variability of aragonite saturation state (ΩAr) has been studied in the eastern shelf of the Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) (SW Iberian Peninsula). The study was carried out during the years 2014 and 2016 aboard twelve oceanographic cruises, along three or five transects, located between Cape Trafalgar and the Guadiana River. The GoC exhibited oversaturated of calcium carbonate with ΩAr mean values of 2.68 ± 0.30 in surface and 2.05 ± 0.15 in deep waters. pH, total alkalinity (TA), calcium concentration (Ca2+) and ΩAr showed a high variability within the surface mixed layer (SML, z 100 m), TA and Ca2+ concentration presented a conservative behaviour related to the distribution of the different water masses located in the GoC. The vertical variation of ΩAr also depends on the degree of mineralization of these water masses, obtaining the maximum values in the Subtropical North Atlantic Central Water (100–200 m), minimum values in the Subpolar North Atlantic Central Water (about 400 m), and intermediate values associated to the presence of the Mediterranean Water (>500 m). Results showed a significative acidification of the coastal areas, for those depths lower than 100 m from 2006 to 2016, with a mean decrease of pH and ΩAr of −0.0089 and −0.0552 yr−1, respectively. © 2021 The AuthorsThis work was funded by the Spanish CICYT (Spanish Program for Science and Technology) under the contract RTI2018-100865-B-C21 . Dolores Jiménez-López was financed by the University of Cádiz with a FPI fellowship (FPI-UCA) and Ana Sierra was financed by the Spanish Ministry of Education with a FPU fellowship (FPU2014-04048)

Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits

Funder: H2020 European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663Funder: Research Foundation FlandersFunder: Universiteit Gent; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004385Funder: Marguerite-Marie DelacroixFunder: Autistica; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011706Funder: Riksbankens Jubileumsfond; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004472; Grant(s): NHS14-1802:1Funder: K.F. Hein FondsFunder: Scott Family Junior Research FellowshipAbstract: Autism is frequently associated with difficulties with top-down attentional control, which impact on individuals’ mental health and quality of life. The developmental processes involved in these attentional difficulties are not well understood. Using a data-driven approach, 2 samples (N = 294 and 412) of infants at elevated and typical likelihood of autism were grouped according to profiles of parent report of attention at 10, 15 and 25 months. In contrast to the normative profile of increases in attentional control scores between infancy and toddlerhood, a minority (7–9%) showed plateauing attentional control scores between 10 and 25 months. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, plateaued growth of attentional control was associated with elevated autism and ADHD traits, and lower adaptive functioning at age 3 years

Behavioural and neural markers of tactile sensory processing in infants at elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract: Backgrounds: Atypicalities in tactile processing are reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but it remains unknown if they precede and associate with the traits of these disorders emerging in childhood. We investigated behavioural and neural markers of tactile sensory processing in infants at elevated likelihood of ASD and/or ADHD compared to infants at typical likelihood of the disorders. Further, we assessed the specificity of associations between infant markers and later ASD or ADHD traits. Methods: Ninety-one 10-month-old infants participated in the study (n = 44 infants at elevated likelihood of ASD; n = 20 infants at elevated likelihood of ADHD; n = 9 infants at elevated likelihood of ASD and ADHD; n = 18 infants at typical likelihood of the disorders). Behavioural and EEG responses to pairs of tactile stimuli were experimentally recorded and concurrent parental reports of tactile responsiveness were collected. ASD and ADHD traits were measured at 24 months through standardized assessment (ADOS-2) and parental report (ECBQ), respectively. Results: There was no effect of infants’ likelihood status on behavioural markers of tactile sensory processing. Conversely, increased ASD likelihood associated with reduced neural repetition suppression to tactile input. Reduced neural repetition suppression at 10 months significantly predicted ASD (but not ADHD) traits at 24 months across the entire sample. Elevated tactile sensory seeking at 10 months moderated the relationship between early reduced neural repetition suppression and later ASD traits. Conclusions: Reduced tactile neural repetition suppression is an early marker of later ASD traits in infants at elevated likelihood of ASD or ADHD, suggesting that a common pathway to later ASD traits exists despite different familial backgrounds. Elevated tactile sensory seeking may act as a protective factor, mitigating the relationship between early tactile neural repetition suppression and later ASD traits

Approfondissement sur les adaptations nécessaires à la mise en place d'un dispositif basé sur le modèle d'intervention "Integrated Play Groups"

Ce travail de recherche porte sur les bénéfices que peuvent tirer les enfants avec des besoins éducatifs particuliers (BEP) du modèle d’intervention Intergrated Play Groups (IPG), élaboré par Wolfberg et Schuler (1993), avec les pairs ordinaires relativement au développement des interactions sociales. La première partie de ce travail s’interroge sur les adaptations nécessaires à l’application du modèle IPG en Suisse Romande et procède à la réalisation d’entretiens avec des expertes. La seconde partie se demande dans quelle mesure les IPG consituent une approche favorisant le développement de la socialisation auprès d’enfants ayant des BEP. Une collaboration a été mise en place durant quelques mois avec l’École de la Petite Arche et l’École de la Gradelle..

Vom Wesen der Individuation : Entwicklung als spiritueller Erkenntnisweg

vorgelegt von Mag. Herta DafnerLiteraturverzeichnis: Blatt 82-86Universität Salzburg, Masterarbeit, 2019(VLID)504326