EVALUASI DAN PENENTUAN JENIS TANAH DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT EVALUATION AND DETERMINATION OF LAND IN THE DISTRICT OF WEST SERAM

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tanah di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat  Provinsi Maluku, dilaksanakan pada tahun 2013 menggunakan Sistem Klasifikasi  Taksonomi Tanah (Soil Survay Staff, 2010). Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan lima ordo tanah menurunkan sebanyak tujuh sub-ordo, sembilan grup, dan 15 subgrup tanah. Ordo Entisol menurunkan tiga subgroup, yaitu Lythic Udorthents, Typic Udorrthents, dan Typic Quartzipsamments. Ordo Molisols menurunkan dua subgroup, yaitu Lythic Hapludolls dan Typic Hapludolls. Ordo Inceptisol menurunkan tujuh subgroup, yaitu Fluventic Endoaquepts, Vertic Endoaquepts, Typic Endoaquepts, Lythic Dystrudepts, Typic Dystrudepts, Aquic Eutrudepts, dan Typic Eutrudepts. Ordo Alfisols menurunkan satu subgroup, yaitu Typic Hapludalfs. Ordo Ultisols menurunkan dua subgroup, yaitu Typic Paleudults dan Typic Hapludults. Pada umumnya tanah-tanah di daerah penelitian merupakan tanah belum mengalami perkembangan horizon dan memiliki solum tanah dari dangkal sampai dalam. Warna tanah bervariasi dari coklat hinga kuning kemerahan. Tekstur liat sampai berpasir, konsistensi sampai lekat, kedalaman efektif dangkal sampai dalam, dan pH tanah sangat masam sampai agak alkalis. Keadaan landform datar hingga bergunung. The research aims to identify the land in the district of West Seram Maluku Province, carried out in 2013 using Classification System Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survay Staff, 2010). From the results of the study found five orders of soil lowered as much as seven sub-orders, nine groups and 15 subgroups ground. Order of Entisol lowered three subgroups, namely Lythic Udorthents, Typic Udorrthents, and Typic Quartzipsamments. Order of Molisols down two subgroups, namely Lythic Hapludolls and Typic Hapludolls. Order of Inceptisol lowered seven subgroups, namely Fluventic Endoaquepts, Vertic Endoaquepts, Typic Endoaquepts, Lythic Dystrudepts, Typic Dystrudepts, Aquic Eutrudepts, and Typic Eutrudepts. Order of Alfisols lowered one subgroup, ie Typic Hapludalfs. Order of Ultisols down two subgroups, namely Typic Paleudults and Typic Hapludults. In general, the soils in the study area is the land has not been progressing and has solum soil horizon from shallow to deep. Ground color varies from yellow hinga reddish brown. Loamy to sandy texture, consistency until sticky, effective depth of shallow to deep, and very sour soil pH to slightly alkaline. Flat, hilly landform circumstances

Keragaan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Berbasis Padi Gogo pada Lahan Kering di Maluku

Upland rice-based cropping pattern is a form of multiple cropping including intercropping, sequential planting, and relay planting where upland rice as a base crop can be preceded and/or rotated with other food crops as a secondary crop. The research was aimed to provide recommendations for upland rice-based cropping pattern technology in dryland agroecosystems in Maluku that would be able to increase land productivity > 1.00 (MCI = Multiple Cropping Index > 100%) compared to existing cropping patterns. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and repeated five times (farmers as replications). Four treatments for upland rice-based planting pattern technology assemblies, namely: 1) Pattern-A (Farmer A Pattern); 2) Pattern-B (Farmer B Planting Pattern B); 3) Pattern C (Farmer Improvement Cropping Pattern); and 4) Pattern D (Introduced Plant Pattern). The results showed that upland rice was planted double (multiple cropping) through intercropping and/or sequential cropping, namely Improved Cropping Patterns (Pattern C = Upland Rice + Corn - Peanuts) and Introducing Cropping Patterns (Pattern D = Upland Rice + Corn/Cassava - Green Beans - Peanuts) can increase land productivity with a double-cropping index 1.35 - 1.80 (IPG = 135% - 180%) compared to upland rice grown in monoculture (Farming Patterns). Multiple cropping (Upland Rice + Corn/Cassava - Green Beans - Peanuts) can be recommended as Upland Rice-Based Planting Technology Package on dry land in Maluku, because it can increase land productivity> 1.00 with an MCI (Multiple Cropping Index) of 180%. Keywords: dry land, performance, upland rice   ABSTRAK Pola Tanam berbasis padi gogo merupakan bentuk pola bertanam ganda meliputi tumpangsari, tumpang gilir (runtun) dan tanaman sisipan dimana padi gogo sebagai komoditi pokok (base crop) yang bisa didahului dan atau digilir dengan tanaman pangan lainnya sebagai komoditi ikutan (secondary crop). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatan rekomendasi paket teknologi pola tanam berbasis padi gogo pada agroekosistem lahan kering di Maluku yang mampu meningkatan produktivitas lahan > 1.00 (IPG = Indeks Pertanaman Ganda >100 %) dibandingkan dengan pola tanam petani eksisting. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan empat macam perlakuan dan diulang lima kali (petani sebagai ulangan). Empat perlakukan rakitan teknologi pola tanam berbasis padi gogo, yaitu: 1) Pola-A (Pola Tanam Petani A); 2) Pola-B (Pola Tanam Petani B); 3) Pola C (Pola Tanam Petani Perbaikan); dan 4) Pola D (Pola Tanaman Introduksi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padi gogo ditanam secara ganda (multiple cropping) melalui tumpangsari dan atau tumpanggilir, yaitu Pola Tanam Petani Perbaikan (Pola C = Padi Gogo + Jagung - Kacang Tanah) dan Pola Tanam Introduksi (Pola D = Padi Gogo + Jagung/Ubikayu - Kacang Hijau - Kacang Tanah) dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan 1.35 – 1.80 (IPG = 135% - 180%) dibandingkan jika padi gogo ditanam secara monokultur (Pola Tanam Petani). Pola bertanam ganda (Padi Gogo+Jagung/Ubikayu - Kacang Hijau - Kacang Tanah) dapat direkomendasikan sebagai Paket Teknologi Pola Tanam Berbasis Padi Gogo pada lahan kering di Maluku, karena dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan >1.00 dengan nilai IPG (Indeks Pertanaman Ganda) 180%. Kata Kunci: keragaan, lahan kering, padi gog

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