Educación Superior ante la COVID-19.

Evidencia los cambios que surgen en la Educación Superior una vez se da el confinamiento provocado por el virus Sars-Covid2 en marzo de 2020, y la implementación de los modelos digitales para la formación profesional en línea. Enfatiza a manera de reflexión, que la Educación Superior debe adaptarse a los cambios repentinos, y a fortalecerse para dar respuestas, y soluciones didácticas dinámicas precisas

Antagonistic pleiotropy in the bifunctional surface protein FadL (OmpP1) during adaptation of Haemophilus influenzae to chronic lung infection associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Tracking bacterial evolution during chronic infection provides insights into how host selection pressures shape bacterial genomes. The human-restricted opportunistic pathogen nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) infects the lower airways of patients suffering chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and contributes to disease progression. To identify bacterial genetic variation associated with bacterial adaptation to the COPD lung, we sequenced the genomes of 92 isolates collected from the sputum of 13 COPD patients over 1 to 9years. Individuals were colonized by distinct clonal types (CTs) over time, but the same CT was often reisolated at a later time or found in different patients. Although genomes from the same CT were nearly identical, intra-CT variation due to mutation and recombination occurred. Recurrent mutations in several genes were likely involved in COPD lung adaptation. Notably, nearly a third of CTs were polymorphic for null alleles of ompP1 (also called fadL), which encodes a bifunctional membrane protein that both binds the human carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (hCEACAM1) receptor and imports long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). Our computational studies provide plausible three-dimensional models for FadL's interaction with hCEACAM1 and LCFA binding. We show that recurrent fadL mutations are likely a case of antagonistic pleiotropy, since loss of FadL reduces NTHi's ability to infect epithelia but also increases its resistance to bactericidal LCFAs enriched within the COPD lung. Supporting this interpretation, truncated fadL alleles are common in publicly available NTHi genomes isolated from the lower airway tract but rare in others. These results shed light on molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathoadaptation and guide future research toward developing novel COPD therapeutics.IMPORTANCE Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is an important pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To elucidate the bacterial pathways undergoing in vivo evolutionary adaptation, we compared bacterial genomes collected over time from 13 COPD patients and identified recurrent genetic changes arising in independent bacterial lineages colonizing different patients. Besides finding changes in phase-variable genes, we found recurrent loss-of-function mutations in the ompP1 (fadL) gene. We show that loss of OmpP1/FadL function reduces this bacterium's ability to infect cells via the hCEACAM1 epithelial receptor but also increases its resistance to bactericidal fatty acids enriched within the COPD lung, suggesting a case of antagonistic pleiotropy that restricts DeltafadL strains' niche. These results show how H. influenzae adapts to host-generated inflammatory mediators in the COPD airways

Corrosion of Titanium Alloys Anodized Using Electrochemical Techniques

The anodization of titanium has been an excellent option for protecting titanium and its alloys from corrosive environments such as acids and chloride systems, by generating a homogenous oxide layer. The objective of the current investigation was to evaluate the electrochemical corrosion behavior of alloys Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo and Ti-6Al-4V anodized in 1MH2SO4 andH3PO4 solutions at a current density of 2.5   10–3 A/cm2. The anodization’s electrochemical characterization was achieved in NaCl and H2SO4 at 3.5% wt. electrolytes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to determine the anodized thickness and morphology. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), based on ASTM G61-86 and G106-15 Standards, were the electrochemical techniques mainly employed. The anodized samples presented a change in Ecorr values and a higher passivation zone. The EIS plot showed a higher resistance for samples anodized in H3PO4 and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo

Revisitando el cine documental: de Flaherty al webdoc

En los últimos tiempos, y propiciado por el auge de la imagen digital, el género documental ha liderado una importante renovación en sus formas cinematográficas indagando en nuevos lenguajes para la imagen contemporánea. Desdibujando por completo los límites entre la ficción y la no ficción, el documental contemporáneo ha fraccionado algunas de las convenciones asociadas al género, encontrando fácil acomodo entre lo narrativo, lo observacional, lo etnográfico, lo ensayístico, la videocreación, lo autobiográfico y, obviamente, lo experimental. Tras décadas de constante mutación, el cine documental se nos presenta como un fascinante territorio de exploración fílmica, aportando una reflexión sobre las fronteras actuales del lenguaje cinematográfico y que requiere a su vez un nuevo tipo de mirada desde el ámbito académico. Dispuestas así las cosas, el presente libro se propone revisitar el género documental y recoger experiencias e investigaciones que, desde diferentes planteamientos, buscan reflexionar sobre la evolución del propio género desde un enfoque multidisciplinar. De este modo, se pretende establecer un estado de la cuestión con textos vinculados a los disímiles modos de abordar el documental a lo largo de su dilatada historia: estudios historiográficos, análisis fílmicos sustentados en ejemplos concretos de películas o directores de especial interés, investigaciones que ponen en relieve la influencia y consecuencia de la evolución de la tecnología digital e Internet, así como la evolución e innovación en los modos de producción, exhibición y/o distribución por los que el documental ha transitado.Este Libro se ha realizado dentro del Grupo de Investigación GIU 13/21 (2013-2016), MAC (Mutaciones del Audiovisual Contemporáneo) de la Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU).La redacción del capítulo "Un lugar ético para las imágenes documentales (en el contexto de las ciencias sociales) / Josetxo Cerdán Los Arcos" fue posible gracias al proyecto de investigación CSO2010/15798 (TRANSCINE), financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. -- La redacción del capítulo "Documentalidad. Cine sin autoría, pedagogías visuales colectivas y valor afectivo / Virginia Villaplana Ruiz" fue posible gracias al proyecto de investigación eDCINEMA: "Hacia el Espacio Digital Europeo", financiado por el Plan Nacional de I+D+i del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Ref. CSO2012-35784. -- La redacción del capítulo "Cosas que hacen crack. Emociones y cinefilia en Color perro que huye (Andrés Duque, 2011) / Miguel Fernández Labayen y Elena Oroz" se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto de investigación CSO2010-15798 (TRANSCINE), "El audiovisual español contemporáneo en el contexto transnacional: aproximaciones cualitativas a sus relaciones transfronterizas", financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad del Gobierno de España. -- El capítulo "Aproximación a la no ficción interactiva: panorámica del webdocumental español en la era digital / Robert Arnau Roselló" ha sido financiado con la ayuda del Proyecto de Investigación de la convocatoria Universitat Jaume I-Bancaja, con el título "Análisis de los flujos de transferencia de conocimiento entre los sistemas educativos superiores y la industria del videojuego", código 11I301.01/1, bajo la dirección del Dr. Javier Marzal Felici.Prólogo / J.M. Català Domènech (pp. 9-14). -- Un lugar ético para las imágenes documentales (en el contexto de las ciencias sociales) / Josetxo Cerdán Los Arcos (pp. 17-32). -- Documentalidad. Cine sin autoría, pedagogías visuales colectivas y valor afectivo / Virginia Villaplana Ruiz (pp. 33-54). -- Diseño de títulos en documental: cuestión de etiqueta / Koldo Atxaga Arnedo (pp. 55-65). -- La creación del documental: archivo, recreaciones y entrevistas / Mónica del Sagrario Medina Cuevas y Alejandro Jiménez Arrazquito (pp. 67-76). -- Desterritorialización, modulación y puntos de inflexión en el documental contemporáneo español / Vanesa Fernández Guerra y Estibaliz Alonso Ruiz de Erentzun (pp. 79-103). -- La propuesta de vertebración del Novo Cine Galego: lo procesual y la marca documental / Fernando Redondo Neira y Xurxo González Rodríguez (pp. 105-126). -- Revisión de la etiqueta "Novo Cinema Galego". Testimonios de autor / Beli Martínez Martínez (pp. 127-152). -- El cine de no ficción en los cortometrajes de Kimuak: evoluación, tendencias y nuevas propuestas creativas / Ainhoa Fernández de Arroyabe Olaorut, Nekane E. Zubiaur Gorozika y Iñaki Lazkano Arrillaga (pp. 153-179). -- Cosas que hacen "crack". Emociones y cinefilia en Color perro que huye (Andrés Duque, 2011) / Miguel Fernández Labayen y Elena Oroz (pp. 181- 204). -- Estudio evolutivo del lenguaje narrativo, desde los primeros documentales a las transmedia / Begoña Gutiérrez San Miguel (pp. 207-244). -- La participación ciudadana en el documental colaborativo: hacia nuevas narrativas audiovisuales / Gloria Rosique Cedillo (pp. 245-263). -- Del documental lineal al webdocumental: enunciación y experiencia espectatorial en Gare du Nord de Claire Simon / Amanda Rueda (pp. 265-274). -- El documental multimedia interactivo. Un estudio de caso: En el reino del plomo (En Portada y Lab de RTVE.es, 2013) / Irene Liberia Vayá y Cristina Pérez de Algaba Chicano (pp. 275-299). -- Aproximación a la no ficción interactiva: panorámica del webdocumental español en la era digital / Robert Arnau Roselló (pp. 301-323)

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe