12 research outputs found
The neglected terminators: Rho family GAPs in neutrophils
Background: GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) accelerate the rate of hydrolysis of GTP bound to small GTPases, thereby limiting the prevalence and concentration of the active, GTP-bound form of these proteins. The large number of potential GAPs acting on members of the Rho family of small GTPases raises the question of specificity or redundancy. Results: In this review, we summarize experimental data obtained on the role of Rho family GAPs in neutrophils, highlight cases where more than one GAP is involved in a physiological function and show examples that GAPs can be involved not only in termination but also in initiation of cellular processes. We demonstrate that the expression-level regulation of GAPs may also occur in short-living cells such as neutrophils. Finally, we provide insight into the existence and structure of molecular complexes in which Rho family GAPs are involved. Conclusion: GAPs play more complex and varied roles than being simple terminators of cellular processes. Β© 2018 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundatio
Role of Rac GTPase activating proteins in regulation of NADPH oxidase in human neutrophils
Precise spatiotemporal regulation of O2 --generating NADPH oxidases (Nox) is a vital requirement. In the case of Nox1-3, which depend on the small GTPase Rac, acceleration of GTP hydrolysis by GTPase activating protein (GAP) could represent a feasible temporal control mechanism. Our goal was to investigate the molecular interactions between RacGAPs and phagocytic Nox2 in neutrophilic granulocytes. In structural studies we revealed that simultaneous interaction of Rac with its effector protein p67phox and regulatory protein RacGAP was sterically possible. The effect of RacGAPs was experimentally investigated in a cell-free O2 --generating system consisting of isolated membranes and recombinant p47phox and p67phox proteins. Addition of soluble RacGAPs decreased O 2 - production and there was no difference in the effect of four RacGAPs previously identified in neutrophils. Depletion of membrane-associated RacGAPs had a selective effect: a decrease in ARHGAP1 or ARHGAP25 level increased O2 - production but a depletion of ARHGAP35 had no effect. Only membrane-localized RacGAPs seem to be able to interact with Rac when it is assembled in the Nox2 complex. Thus, in neutrophils multiple RacGAPs are involved in the control of O2 - production by Nox2, allowing selective regulation via different signaling pathways. Β© 2013 Elsevier Inc
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ― Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ¦ΠΠ―ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬ Π Π£ΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬ΠΠ‘ΠΠ₯ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬ΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠΠ«ΠΠΠ Π ΠΠ‘Π‘Π’Π ΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ /Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ¦ΠΠ― /ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ«ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ©ΠΠΠΠ― Π ΠΠ‘Π‘Π’Π ΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ /ΠΠ‘Π /Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π·Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ 62 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° 2 Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ, Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊ, ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ.Objectives. To study the efficacy of the medical rehabilitation complex developed on the basis of mirror visual feedback, elements of constraint induced movement therapy, the method of hand motor skillsβ training with the use of latex rubber bands and the authorβs own method of fine motor skills training in patients with motor dysfunction of the hand caused by acute cerebral circulation of different severity degree. Material and methods. The study involved 62 patients, divided into 2 comparison groups, matched by sex, age, rehabilitation period, and potential. To analyze the results we used methods for assessing the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation of patients with motor dysfunction of the hand, which were approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus. Results. The study revealed an intergroup difference in restoring fine motor skills, hand dynamometry indices, the patientβs self-assessment of the upper limb function loss, the severity of anxiety and depression symptoms, which manifests itself in a better result in patients of the clinical group. The prevalence of the increased indicators was also revealed when assessing the life quality of respondents undergoing the proposed complex of medical rehabilitation methods over patients of the control group. Conclusions. The developed complex, in terms of application in accordance with the algorithm, allows more qualitatively compared with patients undergoing a standard course of medical rehabilitation, to restore the motor skill lost because of acute cerebral circulation disturbance, to improve the degree of self-care, quality of life and leads to a decrease in anxiety-depression symptoms