SIMEN. Studies of industry, environment and energy towards 2000

This paper describes an attempt to analyze the question of how to control air pollution, without hampering further economic growth. The analytical framework is a macroeconomic planning model, extended with a submodel for air pollution. Taxes on petroleum products for heating and transportation purposes are substantially increased, with the aim of stabilizing Norwegian emissions of CO2 and simultaneously decrease the emissions of SO2 and NOS . This policy change is analyzed under the restriction of balanced government budgets. The increase in revenue from the taxation of petroleum products, is counteracted by an equivalent reduction in taxes or wage income. On average this leaves production costs and competitiveness unchanged and contributes to a more efficient use of the labour force and energy

From Farmers to Farm Firms - Some Recent Changes in Norwegian Politics and Implications for Agricultural Statistics

This paper was inspired by some changes in the criteria for being entitled to subsidies in Norwegian agriculture, and the changes this induced in agricultural statistics. Although the paper is concerned with Norway only, the Norwegian experiences might be of interest to a broader audience. It illustrates some of the challenges which can occur when statistics is based on register data, and the register owner make changes in the criteria and thus in the information gathered.Agricultural statistics, agricultural units, Norway, organisational forms, register data, Agricultural and Food Policy,

Governing youth through education and training

University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences.Young people in post-compulsory education and training are targeted by a range of interventions designed to turn them into employable, socially responsible, active citizens. The fact that this group is viewed as problematic and transitions from school to work are seen as increasingly risky means that the interventions have become more inventive and more strategically directed. This thesis uses Foucault's concept of govemmentality (1991) to ask questions about the nature of these interventions and to explore the ways young people are governed through education and training. The concept of govemmentality provides a critical tool that allows us to see the ways neo-liberal agendas work through education and training to produce the desired autonomous, entrepreneurial adult subject. It reveals the inventiveness of neo-liberal government in its response to points of failure in the education system. It also sheds light on the complex web of expert knowledge that works to create the "problem" of youth in transition, "know" the target group and diagnose its needs. Specifically, the thesis focuses on a senior college in New South Wales. At its inception, the College represented a novel addition to the range of education and training provisions on offer. Students at the College engage in a mix of general, vocational and workplace learning within an adult learning environment. The govemmentality perspective frames the following research questions to explore this site: How can the existence and features of the College be understood in the wider context of neo-liberal education agendas? In this temporal and geographical context, what makes an education and training intervention such as the College possible? What types of practices occur at this site to shape the conduct of these young people and what sorts of conduct are aspired to? What types of identity/ies are valued and therefore open to young people at the College? Finally, how do young people at the College shape themselves and regulate their own conduct in this context? Through an analysis of the problematising literature on youth transitions, the policy context of post-compulsory education and training, classroom observations and interviews with staff and students, the networks of neo-liberal government will be observed as they shape the conduct of students at the College

Situasjonen i Norge etter Tsjernobyl og tiltak som iverksettes

Målet for alle forsøkene er en praktisk anvendelse i reindriften. Foring med kraftfor, med slikkestein rik på kalium som tilskudd, synes å være det mest aktuelle tiltaket foreløpig. På sikt (neste slaktesesong) kan bruk av ferrocyanider bli det mest effektive tiltak for å hindre opptak av cesium

Sustainable Community in Literature and Lancaster County: Finding a Way Forward on Small Farms

There are very few things that will motivate a thirteen-year-old child who has grown up comfortably and surrounded by supermarkets to pick green beans and to pick them joyfully. Dusty bean plants covered in yellow beetle larvae and located beneath a glaring sun do not exactly inspire an adolescent (or any sane person, really) to caper and sing. Neither do interestingly mottled rashes on the forearms - which appear after extensive rummaging through bean leaves - encourage the picker to return readily to the task. When my parents bought the family farm from my grandparents, they had some idea (as I learned much later) of converting their four city-born teenage children into a posse of effective and willing farm hands. This pleasing vision, which was conceived with the best of intentions, failed to bear much fruit, and my parents, probably despairing of such machine-like family cohesion, contented themselves with occasionally asking us to pull miles of pickle vine out of the hay field or to pitchfork mounds of manure around the garden...