Brochure: The World’s Finest Beach Jacksonville Beach, Florida.

Jacksonville Beach, Fla. Brochure: Jacksonville Beaches Cottage and Motor Court Association / The World\u27s Finest Beach Jacksonville Beach, Florida. PALMM

Zoning ordinance of the City of Cottage Grove, Oregon

192 pp. Zoning Map included in file. Bookmarks supplied by UO. Last amended June 28, 1999. Captured June 6, 2006.Development codes are ordinances implementing a local government’s comprehensive plan. They include two components: a zoning ordinance and a subdivision ordinance, which may be adopted and published as separate documents under their own titles. In some cases the sections pertaining to subdivision of land may be included in the zoning ordinance

Draft report : Cottage Grove transportation system plan

346 pp. Bookmarks supplied by UO. Maps, tables, charts, figures, appendices. Published March, 2008. Captured March 24, 2009.This Cottage Grove Transportation System Plan (TSP) identifies projects and programs needed to support the City's Goals and Policies and to serve planned growth through the TSP horizon year (2025). The TSP builds on the previous plan that was developed in 1998 for the city, and addresses changes in local and regional growth patterns, new transportation planning policies adopted by the state, and recent changes in transit services provided to the City, among other issues. This document presents the recommended investments and priorities for the Pedestrian, Bicycle, Transit, and Motor Vehicle systems in the City of Cottage Grove along with new transportation programs to correct existing shortfalls and enhance critical services. For each travel mode, a Master Plan project map and list are identified to support the city's transportation goals and policies. The most critical elements of these Master Plans are referred to as Action Plans. The final chapter identifies the estimated plan costs and makes recommendations about potential new funding sources to support the plan. [From the Plan]"This project is partially funded by a grant from the Transportation and Growth Management (TGM) Program, a joint program of the Oregon Department of Transportation and the Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development. This TGM grant is financed, in part, by federal Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21), local government, and the State of Oregon funds.

Buprofezin Resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci

Laboratory selection of an Australian B-biotype Bemisia tabaci population with the insect growth regulator buprofezin rapidly produced high levels of buprofezin resistance (in excess of 2000-fold) after 4 applications. An unselected B-biotype B. tabaci population was originally 11-fold resistant to buprofezin. mechanism studies showed two mechanisms of resistance. Buprofezin resistant B-biotype B. tabaci had higher esterase activity and additional esterase bands compared to a buprofezin unselected B-biotype and native Australian non B-biotype B. tabaci strains. Esterase from buprofezin resistant B-biotype B. tabaci was inhibited both in vitro and in vivo by buprofezin to a far greater degree (2- fold) than in the non buprofezin selected B. tabaci strain. Esterase from insecticide susceptible native non B-biotype B. tabaci and SUD-S strains was uninhibited by buprofezin. Esterase mediated sequestration of buprofezin is proposed as a mechanism of resistance to buprofezin in B. tabaci. This is the first report of a resistance mechanism to buprofezin in B. tabaci. Other insecticides with novel modes of action were investigated for effects on B. tabaci esterases. Pyriproxyfen inhibited esterase activity in vitro in both resistant and non selected B-biotype strains and this implied cross-resistance was confirmed by bioassay. Novaluron and pymetrozine also inhibited esterase in buprofezin resistant B. tabaci, but not in the unselected population. Fenoxycarb did not inhibit esterase activity in either strain. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) studies showed a new mode of action for IGRs and a second buprofezin resistance mechanism. Buprofezin resistant B-biotype B. tabaci AChE had a different electrophoretic mobility to both the unselected and non Bbiotype strains. Buprofezin inhibited AChE activity in the non selected B-biotype population, but not in resistant B. tabaci. The mutant form of AChE in B-biotype B. tabaci appeared to be unrelated to previously discovered AChE variants. Results also showed that another IGR (novaluron) inhibited AChE activity in nonbuprofezin selected strain, but buprofezin resistant AChE was unaffected. Experiments indicated no significant differences in mono-oxygenase activity in either the buprofezin unselected or resistant B. tabaci strains. The speed with which B. tabaci were selected for high levels of buprofezin resistance, and the potential for cross-resistance between insect growth regulators is a warning that buprofezin should be used sparingly against B. tabaci and in rotation with other insecticides. The results have already provided essential information for the whitefly insecticide resistance management strategy in central Queensland. With the escalating problem of B-biotype B. tabaci in many Australian crop production systems, including cotton, an effective management strategy is vital

SAND, a New Protein Family: From Nucleic Acid to Protein Structure and Function Prediction

As a result of genome, EST and cDNA sequencing projects, there are huge numbers of predicted and/or partially characterised protein sequences compared with a relatively small number of proteins with experimentally determined function and structure. Thus, there is a considerable attention focused on the accurate prediction of gene function and structure from sequence by using bioinformatics. In the course of our analysis of genomic sequence from Fugu rubripes, we identified a novel gene, SAND, with significant sequence identity to hypothetical proteins predicted in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Caenorhabditis elegans, a Drosophila melanogaster gene, and mouse and human cDNAs. Here we identify a further SAND homologue in human and Arabidopsis thaliana by use of standard computational tools. We describe the genomic organisation of SAND in these evolutionarily divergent species and identify sequence homologues from EST database searches confirming the expression of SAND in over 20 different eukaryotes. We confirm the expression of two different SAND paralogues in mammals and determine expression of one SAND in other vertebrates and eukaryotes. Furthermore, we predict structural properties of SAND, and characterise conserved sequence motifs in this protein family

A SNP-based consensus genetic map for synteny-based trait targeting in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a globally important nitrogen-fixing legume, which is widely grown in a diverse range of environments. In this work, we mine and validate a set of 845 SNPs from the aligned transcriptomes of two contrasting inbred lines. Each V. faba SNP is assigned by BLAST analysis to a single Medicago orthologue. This set of syntenically anchored polymorphisms were then validated as individual KASP assays, classified according to their informativeness and performance on a panel of 37 inbred lines, and the best performing 757 markers used to genotype six mapping populations. The six resulting linkage maps were merged into a single consensus map on which 687 SNPs were placed on six linkage groups, each presumed to correspond to one of the six V. faba chromosomes. This sequence-based consensus map was used to explore synteny with the most closely related crop species, lentil and the most closely related fully sequenced genome, Medicago. Large tracts of uninterrupted colinearity were found between faba bean and Medicago, making it relatively straightforward to predict gene content and order in mapped genetic interval. As a demonstration of this, we mapped a flower colour gene to a 2-cM interval of Vf chromosome 2 which was highly colinear with Mt3. The obvious candidate gene from 78 gene models in the collinear Medicago chromosome segment was the previously characterized MtWD40-1 gene controlling anthocyanin production in Medicago and resequencing of the Vf orthologue showed a putative causative deletion of the entire 50 end of the gene.Peer reviewe

Plastid signalling under multiple conditions is accompanied by a common defect in RNA editing in plastids

Retrograde signalling from the plastid to the nucleus, also known as plastid signalling, plays a key role in coordinating nuclear gene expression with the functional state of plastids. Inhibitors that cause plastid dysfunction have been suggested to generate specific plastid signals related to their modes of action. However, the molecules involved in plastid signalling remain to be identified. Genetic studies indicate that the plastid-localized pentatricopeptide repeat protein GUN1 mediates signalling under several plastid signalling-related conditions. To elucidate further the nature of plastid signals, investigations were carried out to determine whether different plastid signal-inducing treatments had similar effects on plastids and on nuclear gene expression. It is demonstrated that norflurazon and lincomycin treatments and the plastid protein import2-2 (ppi2-2) mutation, which causes a defect in plastid protein import, all resulted in similar changes at the gene expression level. Furthermore, it was observed that these three treatments resulted in defective RNA editing in plastids. This defect in RNA editing was not a secondary effect of down-regulation of pentatricopeptide repeat protein gene expression in the nucleus. The results indicate that these three treatments, which are known to induce plastid signals, affect RNA editing in plastids, suggesting an unprecedented link between plastid signalling and RNA editing

The Arabidopsis plastid-signalling mutant gun1 (genomes uncoupled1) shows altered sensitivity to sucrose and abscisic acid and alterations in early seedling development

Developing seedlings of the Arabidopsis gun1 (genomes uncoupled1) mutant, which is defective in retrograde plastid-to-nucleus signalling, show several previously unrecognized mutant phenotypes. gun1 seedlings accumulated less anthocyanin than wild-type seedlings when grown in the presence of 2% (w/v) sucrose, due to lower amounts of transcripts of early anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in gun1. Norflurazon and lincomycin, which induce retrograde signalling, further decreased the anthocyanin content of sucrose-treated seedlings, and altered the temporal pattern of anthocyanin accumulation. Lincomycin treatment altered the spatial pattern of sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation, suggesting that plastids provide information for the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seedlings. The temporal pattern of accumulation of LHCB1 transcripts differed between wild-type and gun1 seedlings, and gun1 seedlings were more sensitive to sucrose suppression of LHCB1 transcript accumulation than wild-type seedlings. Growth and development of gun1 seedlings was more sensitive to exogenous 2% sucrose than wild-type seedlings and, in the presence of lincomycin, cotyledon expansion was enhanced in gun1 seedlings compared to the wild type. gun1 seedlings were more sensitive than wild-type seedlings to the inhibition of seedling growth and development by abscisic acid. These observations clearly implicate GUN1 and plastid signalling in the regulation of seedling development and anthocyanin biosynthesis, and indicate a complex interplay between sucrose and plastid signalling pathways

Advances in faba bean genetics and genomics

Vicia faba L, is a globally important grain legume whose main centers of diversity are the Fertile Crescent and Mediterranean basin. Because of its small number (six) of exceptionally large and easily observed chromosomes it became a model species for plant cytogenetics the 70s and 80s. It is somewhat ironic therefore, that the emergence of more genomically tractable model plant species such as Arabidopsis and Medicago coincided with a marked decline in genome research on the formerly favored plant cytogenetic model. Thus, as ever higher density molecular marker coverage and dense genetic and even complete genome sequence maps of key crop and model species emerged through the 1990s and early 2000s, genetic and genome knowledge of Vicia faba lagged far behind other grain legumes such as soybean, common bean and pea. However, cheap sequencing technologies have stimulated the production of deep transcriptome coverage from several tissue types and numerous distinct cultivars in recent years. This has permitted the reconstruction of the faba bean meta-transcriptome and has fueled development of extensive sets of Simple Sequence Repeat and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. Genetics of faba bean stretches back to the 1930s, but it was not until 1993 that DNA markers were used to construct genetic maps. A series of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-based genetic studies mainly targeted at quantitative loci underlying resistance to a series of biotic and abiotic stresses were conducted during the 1990's and early 2000s. More recently, SNP-based genetic maps have permitted chromosome intervals of interest to be aligned to collinear segments of sequenced legume genomes such as the model legume Medicago truncatula, which in turn opens up the possibility for hypotheses on gene content, order and function to be translated from model to crop. Some examples of where knowledge of gene content and function have already been productively exploited are discussed. The bottleneck in associating genes and their functions has therefore moved from locating gene candidates to validating their function and the last part of this review covers mutagenesis and genetic transformation, two complementary routes to validating gene function and unlocking novel trait variation for the improvement of this important grain legume