Spectral selectivity in capillary dye lasers

We explore the spectral properties of a capillary dye laser in the highly multimode regime. Our experiments indicate that the spectral behavior of the laser does not conform with a simple Fabry-Perot analysis; rather, it is strongly dictated by a Vernier resonant mechanism involving multiple modes, which propagate with different group velocities. The laser operates over a very broad spectral range and the Vernier effect gives rise to a free spectral range which is orders of magnitude larger than that expected from a simple Fabry-Perot mechanism. The presented theoretical calculations confirm the experimental results. Propagating modes of the capillary fiber are calculated using the finite element method (FEM) and it is shown that the optical pathlengths resulting from simultaneous beatings of these modes are in close agreement with the optical pathlengths directly extracted from the Fourier Transform of the experimentally measured laser emission spectra

Optical alignment of oval graphene flakes

Patterned graphene, as an atomically thin layer, supports localized surface plasmon-polaritons (LSPPs) at mid-infrared or far-infrared frequencies. This provides a pronounced optical force/torque in addition to large optical cross sections and will make it an ideal candidate for optical manipulation. Here, we study the optical force and torque exerted by a linearly polarized plane wave on circular and oval graphene flakes. Whereas the torque vanishes for circular flakes, the finite torque allows rotating and orienting oval flakes relative to the electric field polarization. Depending on the wavelength, the alignment is either perpendicular or parallel. In our contribution, we rely on full-wave numerical simulation but also on an analytical model that treats the graphene flakes in dipole approximation. The presented results reveal a good level of control on the spatial alignment of graphene flakes subjected to far-infrared illumination.Comment: Copyright 2016 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited. Online abstract lin

Reproductive Technologies Used to Make Goats More Efficient

Abstract With the introduction of Boer and Kiko breeds for meat goat production in the United States, more emphasis is being placed on the reproductive management to increase the number of offspring born and weaned and the frequency with which they are produced. It is also desirable to produce out of season kids to take advantage of a market premium for milk and meat. Reproductive manipulations, commercial Artificial Insemination (AI) programs using fresh or frozen semen, and Embryo Transfer (ET) have been developed and are in use most commonly in goats for reproductive efficiency. Keywords: Meat Goats, Reproductive Technology, Reproductive Efficienc

Bone Tissue Engineering in the Maxillofacial Region: The State-of-the-Art Practice and Future Prospects

Bone reconstruction in the maxillofacial region is a challenging task due to the exclusive anatomical complexity of the tissue, aesthetic requirements and functional demands. The gold standard method for maxillofacial reconstruction is based on autogenous bone grafting, which is associated with certain drawbacks. In this review, we describe recent bone tissue engineering approaches in reconstructive surgery of the maxillofacial region. Proper cell sources, scaffolds, signaling molecules as well as recent bioreactor technology are discussed.

SEGMENTING NICHE GOAT-MEAT MARKETS

This research report provides an examination of the ratings of an important sensory attribute of chevon (goat meat) with that of beef and pork. Results from an analysis of variance of comparative ratings of the flavor of chevon and that of beef and pork suggest that selected demographic characteristics of U.S. consumers influenced the ratings of chevon'Â’s flavor with that of beef and pork. The findings indicate that Hispanics, blacks, and females should not be treated as homogenous niche markets. The results suggest that there are distinct subdivision preferences within and between these consumer partitions.Agribusiness,