Comparison of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Instruments and Skinfold Calipers in the Determination of Percent Body Fat in Division I Tennis Players

Body composition, specifically percent body fat, is an important measurement performed in both the clinical and educational settings. Very reliable and accurate systems for measuring body composition are available for use, but they are time-consuming and very expensive, such as dual x-ray absorptiometry and hydrostatic weighing. Attempting to find technology that is inexpensive and easy to operate in determining body composition is a difficult task. However, bioelectrical impedance analysis machines offer the possibility of fulfilling this need in the educational and clinical settings. The question that needs to be answered is whether the bioelectrical impedance analyzers are a reliable and accurate tool in determining body composition in the clinical or educational setting. In this research, there will be three different trial sessions. Each session will consist of four different body composition tests. The results of these tests will be analyzed using Pearson’s r correlation to show statistical significance between trials and instruments

How We Want To Be Treated! What Clark County African American Patients Want Their Health Providers To Know

Research continues to validate the fact that cultural values and beliefs play a major role in determining the extent to which an individual will engage in healthy behaviors, adhere to medical regimen, and seek care when necessary. A 2000 survey of 950 members of predominately African American churches in Clark County, Nevada (a county which comprises Las Vegas) conducted by the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension found members preferred healthcare providers as a source of information on health-related matters. Yet, research shows that for a variety of reasons, many African Americans do not regularly see a health care professional, and often do not comply with prescribed regimens

A direct and inverse boundary layer method for subsonic flow over delta wings

A new inverse boundary layer method is developed and applied to incompressible flows with laminar separation and reattachment. Test cases for two dimensional flows are computed and the results are compared with those of other inverse methods. One advantage of the present method is that the calculation of the inviscid velocities may be determined at each marching step without having to iterate. The inverse method was incorporated with the direct method to calculate the incompressible, conical flow over a slender delta wing at incidence. The location of the secondary separation line on the leeward surface of the wing is determined and compared with experiment for a unit aspect ratio wing at 20.5 deg incidence. The viscous flow in the separated region was calculated using prescribed skin friction coefficients

A transonic interactive boundary-layer theory for laminar and turbulent flow over swept wings

A 3-D laminar and turbulent boundary-layer method is developed for compressible flow over swept wings. The governing equations and curvature terms are derived in detail for a nonorthogonal, curvilinear coordinate system. Reynolds shear-stress terms are modeled by the Cebeci-Smith eddy-viscosity formulation. The governing equations are descretized using the second-order accurate, predictor-corrector finite-difference technique of Matsuno, which has the advantage that the crossflow difference formulas are formed independent of the sign of the crossflow velocity component. The method is coupled with a full potential wing/body inviscid code (FLO-30) and the inviscid-viscous interaction is performed by updating the original wing surface with the viscous displacement surface calculated by the boundary-layer code. The number of these global iterations ranged from five to twelve depending on Mach number, sweep angle, and angle of attack. Several test cases are computed by this method and the results are compared with another inviscid-viscous interaction method (TAWFIVE) and with experimental data

Electing judges has mixed effects on whether or not people think they are legitimate.

In the US, state Supreme Court judges are either appointed, elected, or more commonly, are subject to retention elections. Traditionally, electoral accountability boosts a court’s perceived legitimacy, but can this be undermined with the negative campaigning that can often come with elections? In new research, Benjamin Woodson examines this relationship, finding that the negative effects of campaigning can outweigh the positive boost provided through electoral accountability only in states with a large amount of campaign activity

Theater of the Oppressed: Empowering Homeless Women

This article recounts the efficacy of Theatre of the Oppressed techniques in helping homeless women deal with the emotional wounds and chronic oppression they have experienced. The method empowered these women by highlighting their innate abilities. Based on more than one hundred sessions at the largest homeless shelter in New Haven, Connecticut, the author analyzes the usefulness of the various games and activities, with commentary on the alterations needed for the particular participants. Finally, the successes and the challenges faced in applications of Theatre of the Oppressed to this population are discussed

Boys and Reading Motivation

As a children’s librarian, I am painfully aware of how outnumbered the male population is at our library. The girls flock to the American Girls, Junie B. Jones, and Olsen Twins series. The boys trudge in with their mothers and grudgingly ask to see their accelerated reader list. At some point in time, boys lose the enthusiasm they once had for Clifford the Big Red Dog and become reluctant, almost embarrassed to be caught with a book in their hands. The issue of boys and literacy is in need of some serious attention. We all like to complain, discuss and berate the fact that we never see boys reading, but what are the real issues and how can we as librarians work toward improving the situation

On the Need for Public Boarding Schools

Nowhere is the inadequacy of American public education more striking than in high-poverty, urban schools populated by disadvantaged minority students. Despite decades of legal, policy, and scholarly efforts aimed at addressing the challenges facing these schools, the academic prospects of poor students are currently as grim as they have been in recent memory. Reformers seeking to address this problem have largely focused on transforming public education from within by focusing on school conditions or teacher performance.. These efforts have largely failed to bring about real progress: despite decades of litigation and reform, our nation’s most disadvantaged children continue to lack access to meaningful educational opportunity.This Article argues that prior reforms have enjoyed little success because they have failed to address head-on what we believe is the predominant factor in perpetuating educational inequality: the numerous challenges disadvantaged students must overcome in their home and neighborhood environments. These well-documented challenges include a lack of household resources, suboptimal parenting practices, and the prevalence of neighborhood crime, violence, and other risk factors, all of which inhibit poor children’s ability to succeed academically.Recognizing that the societal conditions that perpetuate these encumbrances are unlikely to change in the foreseeable future, this Article argues for the creation of voluntary, public boarding schools as an option for educating disadvantaged children from as early as Kindergarten. As the SEED Foundation and others have demonstrated, there is a significant demand for boarding school education among members of poor communities and considerable private and public sector support for innovative education reform efforts. Recognizing that this proposal nonetheless will likely be met with resistance, this Article addresses a number of potential objections, including the suggestion that it is motivated by a desire to deprive underprivileged children of their cultural identity and that it is not financially feasible