Bio-Optical Properties of the Inner Continental Shelf off Santos Estuarine System, Southeastern Brazil, and their Implications for Ocean Color Algorithm Performance

Optical characterizations of coastal water masses are important tools for a better understanding of physical and biochemical processes and aid the optimization of ocean color algorithms. In this study we present three optical classes of water observed during October/2005 and March/2006 on the inner continental shelf adjacent to Santos Bay (Brazil), based on remote sensing reflectance. ANOVA indicated a crescent estuarine influence in classes 1 to 3. Class 3 presented the highest chlorophyll-a and nutrient concentration and highest light absorption coefficients. Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) dominated the light absorption in all classes and was strongly correlated to salinity in October/2005 due to the influence of the La Plata plume. The results indicated that CDOM dynamics in the Santos inner shelf are very complex. The performance of global chlorophyll algorithms was significantly smaller for October/2005 than for March/2006. As inconsistent changes in light absorption spectra by phytoplankton were detected between samplings, the results show that future bio-optical algorithms for this region must be optimized preferentially considering CDOM optical parameters.A classificação ótica de massas de água costeira auxilia na compreensão de processos físicos e biogeoquímicos e permite otimizar algoritmos de cor do oceano. Neste estudo, identificamos 3 classes óticas de águas na plataforma continental interna adjacente à Baía de Santos (Brasil), com base na reflectância de sensoriamento remoto observada durante outubro/2005 e março/2006. ANOVA indicou influência estuarina crescente entre as classes 1 a 3, sendo que a última apresentou altos valores de clorofila-a, nutrientes e coeficientes de absorção da luz. A matéria orgânica dissolvida colorida (MODC) dominou a absorção da luz em todas as classes, mostrando forte correlação com a salinidade em outubro/2005, sugerindo influência da pluma do rio da Prata na região. Os resultados indicam dinâmica bastante complexa da MODC na plataforma interna de Santos. O desempenho do algoritmo global para clorofila-a (OC3), testado pelos dados radiométricos e de clorofila-a in situ, foi bem inferior em outubro/2005 comparado a março/2006. Como não houve mudanças substanciais nos espectros de absorção pelo fitoplâncton entre as duas épocas, os resultados mostram que as propriedades de absorção da luz pela MODC devem ser consideradas prioritariamente na otimização de algoritmos bio-óticos na região

Plan de negocio para la implementaci?n de una empresa que brinde servicios de Procurement a trav?s de una plataforma web B2B: Las Compras, una Soluci?n Tecnol?gica

El plan de negocio que presentamos a continuaci?n se basa en una plataforma tecnol?gica E-Procurement llamada BUY2BUYERS, la cual se implementar? en la plataforma de servicios cloud de Google (GCP). Como funci?n principal, permite realizar compras y ventas corporativas. Conecta a empresas consumidoras con empresas proveedoras, es decir; Es una plataforma que trabaja en la modalidad de Business to Business (B2B). A trav?s de la plataforma BUY2BUYERS las empresas registradas con perfil Consumidor podr?n enviar requerimientos de cotizaci?n. Los consumidores podr?n seleccionar desde una ventana de categor?as, los diferentes productos que necesitan para mantener la normal operaci?n de sus actividades. Estos requerimientos ser?n enviados y notificados a las empresas registradas con perfil Proveedor. Funciones adicionales de la plataforma BUY2BUYERS son la generaci?n del pedido de cotizaci?n, elaboraci?n de cuadros comparativos autom?ticos, generaci?n de pedidos de compra, recordatorios de compras recurrentes, notificaciones e integraciones con software propietarios para obtener una interacci?n con la realidad de la compa??a que mediante herramientas de tendencia tecnol?gica le brindaran la proactividad necesaria con la finalidad de realizar una forma correcta de comprar (Comprar bien). Para el dise?o del plan de negocio hemos utilizado la herramienta Lean Canvas que permite conceptualizar el modelo de negocio. Esta herramienta es la recomendada para empresas digitales o startup tecnol?gicas donde abarcamos 4 grandes ?reas como son Clientes, Oferta, Infraestructura y Viabilidad econ?mica

Potencial de captação de água de chuva para abastecimento: o caso da cidade de Belém (PA, Brasil)

Despite the wealth of water resources in the Amazon region, the city of Belém is highly deficient in public water supply. Usage of rainwater has potential to be an alternative in the region. This study aims to defi ne the potential for domestic use of rainwater in the city of Belém. The method is based on quantifying the rainfall and the water demand in the city, as well as identifying statistically defi ned catchment areas. The average monthly rainfall varies from 111 to 450 mm. Water consumption is estimated between 222 and 260 liters/person/day. The roof areas considered range from 35 to 550 m2. The results demonstrate that at least 18% of the population (about 200.000 people) and at most 37% (about 420.000 people) could be supplied with rain water. Therefore, rainwater has the potential to remedy the shortage of supply of the city of Belém.Key words: rainwater, water supply, Belém, Amazon.Apesar da riqueza em recursos hídricos da região Amazônica, a cidade de Belém é grande defi citária em abastecimento público de água. O aproveitamento da água da chuva tem potencial e pode ser uma alternativa na região. Assim, este trabalho tem por objetivo definir o potencial de aproveitamento doméstico da água da chuva na cidade de Belém. O método empregado se baseia na identificação da pluviosidade na cidade, bem como da demanda e das áreas de captação, definidas estatisticamente. As médias mensais da pluviosidade variam de 111 a 450 mm. O consumo é estimado entre 222 a 260 litros/pessoa/dia. As áreas de telhados considerados variam de 35 a 550 m2. Os resultados demonstram que o atendimento com água da chuva poderia ocorrer no mínimo para 18% da população (cerca de 200 mil pessoas) e no máximo para cerca de 37% da população (cerca de 420 mil pessoas). A água da chuva tem potencial de sanar o déficit de abastecimento da cidade de Belém.Palavras-chave: água de chuva, abastecimento, Belém, Amazônia

Interdisciplinarity in the methodology of teaching in Health: A Literature Review.

The objective of this article is to carry out a sweep of the current medical literature on the relationship between interdisciplinarity in the methodology of teaching in Health. keywords “Teaching, Health, Interdisciplinarity, Health Education”. Articles with more than 20 years of publication or that did not fit within the scope of the research were excluded. In all, 10 articles that fit within the search patterns were selected. It is concluded that most publications promote the need for changes in Health Education in higher education and in learning, knowledge and management of the SUS, in order to promote the Significant Learning of graduates in their professional careers.The objective of this article is to carry out a sweep of the current medical literature on the relationship between interdisciplinarity in the methodology of teaching in Health. keywords “Teaching, Health, Interdisciplinarity, Health Education”. Articles with more than 20 years of publication or that did not fit within the scope of the research were excluded. In all, 10 articles that fit within the search patterns were selected. It is concluded that most publications promote the need for changes in Health Education in higher education and in learning, knowledge and management of the SUS, in order to promote the Significant Learning of graduates in their professional careers

Evaluation of the aerobic power of Wheelchair Rugby practitioners in a through a test court

The present study aimed to estimate aerobic power in wheelchair athletes with SCI. Other objetive was VO2max levels correlate with the functional classification of athletes and analyze the behavior of the FC before and after testing. The sample consisted of 10 male athletes with SCI and mean age was 29.6 ± 6.5 years. The athletes were tested for race 12 minutes and the heart rate monitor was used. The average VO2max was 18.3±8.1 ml (kg.min)-1, while the mean HRmax was 114.6±25.3bpm. The VO2max values obtained in the study are classified as medium for people with quadriplegia. It was observed that there is a moderate correlation (r = 0.77) between the functional classification and VO2max among athletes practicing WR and finally, was observed low values of HR will face a submaximal test, which may be related to decreased activity symphatetic after SCI.O presente estudo teve por finalidade estimar a potência aeróbia em atletas com LME praticantes de RCR, correlacionar os níveis de VO2máx com a classificação funcional (CF) dos atletas e analisar o comportamento da FC antes e pós-teste. A amostra foi composta por 10 atletas com LME, do sexo masculino e idade média de 29,6±6,5anos. Os atletas foram submetidos ao teste de corrida de 12 minutos e monitorados com o frequêncimetro cardíaco. A média do VO2máx foi de 18,3±8,1ml(kg.min)-1 e da FCmáx de 114,6±25,3bpm. Os valores de VO2máx obtidos no estudo são classificados como médio para a população com tetraplegia. Observou-se que existe correlação moderada (r=0,77) entre a CF e o VO2máx entre atletas praticantes de RCR e por fim, observou-se baixos valores de FC frente á um teste submáximo, fato que pode estar relacionado à diminuição da atuação simpática após LME.36837

Diagnóstico diferencial da Síndrome de Takotsubo e Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio: uma revisão narrativa / Differential diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome and Acute Myocardial Infarction: a narrative review

INTRODUÇÃO: A cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo (CT) é uma forma aguda e reversível de insuficiência cardíaca e caracteriza-se por anormalidades transitórias da parede do ventrículo esquerdo. Essa síndrome, de acordo com os sintomas e as alterações nos exames, tem como diagnóstico diferencial o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura com busca nas bases de dados Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Foram utilizados os descritores “Myocardial infarction”, “Differential diagnosis’’, “Takotsubo cardiomyopathy”, “Analogies and differences” e “Cardiac”. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados cinco artigos relevantes para a realização deste estudo. Trata-se de trabalhos realizados entre 2008 e 2021, sendo o principal, o do ano de 2020. DISCUSSÃO: A CT é uma doença subdiagnosticada, o que dificulta o conhecimento a respeito de sua incidência. Os exames que permitem o diagnóstico diferencial são ventriculografia esquerda e cineangiocoronariografia. Podem ser utilizados também o eletrocardiograma e exames de biomarcadores. CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento médico a respeito da semelhança entre IAM e CT é relevante para a boa conduta do mesmo perante esses casos, a fim de melhorar o prognóstico dos pacientes.

POTÊNCIA AERÓBIA DE PRATICANTES DE HANDEBOL EM CADEIRA DE RODAS ATRAVÉS DE UM TESTE DE QUADRA

This study aimed to evaluate the aerobic power of Wheelchair Handball players through a method of field test (12 minutes). The sample of this study was of nine persons (n=9), affected by several physical disabilities, such as the sequel of poliomyelitis (n=4), spinal cord injury (n=3), lower limb amputation (n=1) and syndrome Charcot-Marie Tooth disease (n=1). The test consisted to go through a 12 minutes route of 25 x 15 meters, using the specific wheelchair for doing sports, and each athlete used his own chair. By distance, we calculated the estimated value of VO2max, according to the protocol of Franklin et al. (1990). The statistical analysis was made using SPSS 9.0 with value of p<0.05. The medium value of VO2max found was 22.79 (± 5.12) ml.kg.min-1, with minimum value of 12.2 and maximum of 29.47 ml.kg.min-1. In relation to heart rate, were found significant differences between the moments of rest, final and recovery of the test. These results, according to the classification of Franklin et al. (1990), show an average level of conditioning for this group studied. Esse estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a potência aeróbia de praticantes de Handebol em Cadeira de Rodas, através de um método de quadra (teste de 12 minutos). A amostra desse estudo foi de nove sujeitos (n=9), acometidos por diversas deficiências, tais quais sequela de poliomielite (n=4), lesão medular (n=3), amputação de membro inferior (n=1) e síndrome de Charcot-Marie Tooth (n=1). O teste consistiu em percorrer 12 minutos o percurso de 25 x 15 metros utilizando-se da cadeira de rodas específica para a prática esportiva e, cada atleta fez uso de sua cadeira. Através da distância percorrida, foi calculado o valor estimado do VO2máx, conforme protocolo de Franklin et al. (1990). A análise estatística foi realizada através do SPSS 9.0 com valor de p<0,05. O valor médio de VO2máx encontrado foi 22,79 (±5,12) ml.kg.min-1, com valores mínimo de 12,2 e máximo 29,47 ml.kg.min-1. Em relação à frequência cardíaca foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os momentos de repouso, final e de recuperação do teste. Esses resultados, de acordo com a classificação de Franklin et al. (1990), demonstram um nível médio de condicionamento para o grupo estudado

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London