Influence of process variables on the kinetic parameters of a Langmuir-Hinshelwood expression for E.coli inactivation during the photocatalytic disinfection of water

This research describes the effect of the photocatalyst concentration, irradiation power, concentration of inorganic salts and the initial pH on the three parameters of a Langmuir-Hinshelwood-model: inactivation kinetic constant; k, dimensionless interaction coefficient; K*, and inhibition coefficient; n, which was applied to the photocatalytic disinfection of water with TiO2. In general, there is a qualitative finding in the effects on parameters of some variables since an increase in k was always related to a decrease in K*. Such relation was observed for the amount of TiO2, the irradiation power and the increase in concentration of inorganic salts: NaCl and CaCO3. Moreover, increase in MgSO4 concentration do not cause a tendency of change on the described parameters. As for pH of the reaction media, an increasing effect on k is observed when its value promotes proximity between bacteria and TiO2 particles. Finally, small changes were observed for n with the studied variables, but indeed significant for mathematical fitting. Thus, these findings led to the formulation of a mathematical description of the effects of the most important variables and their interactions on the kinetic parameters. This last hypothesis was validated by comparison of experimental and predicted data with high correlations

Quantifying and understanding cetacean bycatch

ICES Annual Science Conference 2023, 11–14 September 2023, Bilbao, SpainFishery bycatch mortality is generally considered to be the main threat to cetaceans in European Atlantic waters. The marine waters in the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula are among the richest in fishery resources in Europe and, consequently, they are also very important for fisheries. Analysis of cause of death and life history data from strandings in Galicia suggested that the bycatch is a major threat in common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). The mortality rate in the Iberian population of the harbour porpoise could be well above safe limits. MERMACIFRA (“Monitoring, Assessment and Reduction of Accidental Mortality of Cetaceans due to Interactions with the Spanish Fleet - Review and Action”) is a national Project funded by the Fishery Ministry of Spain, the main objective of which is to monitor, assess and reduce bycatch of cetacean species in Spanish Atlantic waters. This includes acquisition of information on bycaught animals from strandings and on-board monitoring, to quantify bycatch mortality and to build a “profile” of bycaught animals in terms of their sex, size, age, reproductive status and health status. The project collaborates with the Galician stranding network, which attends stranded cetaceans on the Galician coast. Between 1990 and 2020, 3,404 strandings of common dolphins (on average 114 per year) and 344 strandings of harbour porpoises (on average 11 per year) were reported. It was observed that, over the last decade, the number of strandings with bycatch evidence has tended to increase. For 2021, considering only those carcasses examined which preservation state were from fresh to slight (n = 52 for common dolphin, and n = 13 for harbour porpoise), it was obtained that 54% of common dolphins (n = 28) and 23% of harbour porpoises (n = 3) had evidence of fishery interaction. During 2022-2023, we received two notifications from fishers regarding bycaught dolphins. In the first, two common dolphins were collected and studied in the north of Galicia. In the second case, two bycaught common dolphins were thrown overboard by the crew. These data are useful to better understand the reasons for bycatch as well as the resulting mortality. MERMACIFRA also aim to assess methods to reduce bycatch in nets and purse seine fisheries (e.g., using net modifications and observers on-board). Pilots using three types of acoustic deterrent devices indicates different efficacy depending on the species and fisheryN

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women's worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women's brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

男女間の不平等と脳の性差 --男女間の不平等は脳構造の性差と関連する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-05-10.Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7, 876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Capitulo 4. Ciencias de la Educación

La presente ponencia tiene como objetivo desarrollar la relación entre pensamiento crítico y la inteligencia emocional en el contexto del proyecto de Observatorio Colombiano de Filosofía para Niños, aprobado en convocatoria interna en la UNAD. El presupuesto pedagógico del proyecto de Observatorio de Filosofía para niños tiene que ver con la intencionalidad de desarrollar pensamiento crítico, lo cual contrasta con un aspecto del aprendizaje que tienen que ver con la esfera emocional del estudiante y el uso de la red social Facebook como plataforma del Observatorio. Se trata entonces de lograr una dimensión de pensamiento crítico a una herramienta de red social, en la cual que predomina la inteligencia emocional

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 9

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, volumen 9, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Microgrids energy management using robust convex programming

This paper presents an energy management system (EMS) for single-phase or balanced three-phase microgrids via robust convex optimization. Along a finite planning horizon, the solution provided by the proposed microgrids EMS remains feasible under adverse conditions of random demands and renewable energy resources. The proposed model is represented as a convex mixed-integer second-order cone programming model. Two operation modes are considered: grid-connected and isolated. In grid-connected mode, the proposed EMS minimizes the costs of energy imports, dispatches of distributed generation (DG) units, and the operation of the energy storage systems. In isolated mode, the proposed EMS minimizes the unsupplied demand considering consumer priorities. Global robustness of the proposed mathematical model is adjusted using a single parameter ζ. The robustness of the solutions provided by the robust EMS are assessed using the Monte Carlo simulation method. In this case, DG units are set to operate in frequency and voltage droop control to support network fluctuations. Simulations are deployed using a microgrid with 136-nodes and several distributed energy resources. Results showed that the proposed model is suitable for the short-term microgrids energy management system. The robustness of the final solution was directly proportional to the operational costs, and it can be effectively controlled by the proposed parameter ζ for both operation modes. When compared to stochastic approaches, the proposed formulation proved to be more flexible and less time-consuming10445204530CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPNão temNão tem2015/12564-1; TSG-00149-2018This work was supported by the Brazilian Institutions CNPq, CAPES, and FAPESP Research under Grant 2015/12564-1. Paper no. TSG-00149-2018. (Corresponding author: Juan S. Giraldo.

Imaging social and environmental factors as modulators of brain dysfunction: time to focus on developing, non-Western societies

Social and environmental factors are known risk factors and modulators of mental health disorders. We here conducted a nonsystematic review of the neuroimaging literature studying the effects of poverty, urbanicity, and community violence, highlighting the opportunities of studying non-Western developing societies such as those in Latin America. Social and environmental factors in these communities are widespread and have a large magnitude, as well as an unequal distribution, providing a good opportunity for their characterization. Studying the effect of poverty in these settings could help to explore the brain effect of economic improvements, disentangle the effect of absolute and relative poverty, and characterize the modulating impact of poverty on the underlying biology of mental health disorders. Exploring urbanicity effects in highly unequal cities could help identify the specific factors that modulate this effect as well as examine a possible dose–response effect by studying megacities. Studying brain changes in those living among violence, which is particularly high in places such as Latin America, could help to characterize the interplay between brain predisposition and exposure to violence. Furthermore, exploring the brain in an adverse environment should shed light on the mechanisms underlying resilience. We finally provide examples of two methodological approaches that could contribute to this field, namely a big cohort study in the developing world and a consortium-based meta-analytic approach, and argue about the potential translational value of this research on the development of effective social policies and successful personalized medicine in disadvantaged societies.Fil: Crossley, Nicolas A.. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; ChileFil: Alliende, Luz Maria. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; ChileFil: Ossandon, Tomas. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; ChileFil: Castañeda, Carmen Paz. Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. José Horwitz Barak; ChileFil: González Valderrama, Alfonso. Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. José Horwitz Barak; Chile. Universidad Finis Terrae.; ChileFil: Undurraga, Juan. Universidad del Desarrollo; Chile. Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. José Horwitz Barak; ChileFil: Castro, Mariana Nair. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Guinjoan, Salvador Martín. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Díaz Zuluaga, Ana M.. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Pineda-Zapata, Julián A.. Instituto de Alta Tecnología Médica; ColombiaFil: López-Jaramillo, Carlos. Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación; Colombia. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Reyes Madrigal, Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: León-Ortíz, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: de la Fuente-Sandoval, Camilo. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Czepielewski, Leticia Sanguinetti. Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre; BrasilFil: Gama, Clarissa S.. Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre; BrasilFil: Zugman, Andre. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Gadelha, Ary. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Jackowski, Andrea. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Bressan, Rodrigo. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; Brasi