Brazilian learners' understanding about Scientific Inquiry

There is agreement among researchers that one of the main objectives of scientific literacy is that all students understand Scientific Inquiry (SI). Even with many educational proposals guided by SI, there is still a difficulty to assess learners' notions about it. From this perspective, Lederman et al. (2014) published the VASI questionnaire, which evaluates the understanding of students from different countries about SI. The results presented in this paper represent the Brazilian sample. The objective was to evaluate the notions of scientific investigation of the elementary students from private and public schools. Analyzing the responses of students, it can be considered that they can conceptualize some aspects of the nature of scientific inquiry, but cannot identify them in real situations

Recursos genéticos ornamentales nativos de Argentina: de la colecta a la producción

El Instituto de Floricultura (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina), trabaja en proyectos de mejoramiento genético que contribuyen con la actividad florícola introduciendo al mercado nuevas variedades desarrolladas a partir de germoplasma nativo. La obtención de variedades es un proceso que se da a través de una serie de pasos que involucran la exploración y colección de germoplasma, su caracterización, tareas de mejoramiento genético y evaluación de los materiales obtenidos. Algunos de los géneros involucrados en el programa son: Alstroemeria, Calibrachoa, Glandularia, Handroanthus y Passiflora. Los estudios fitosanitarios complementan la tarea del mejorador, identificando las patologías más importantes para cada género y evaluando alternativas para su control. La experiencia y conocimientos acumulados hasta el momento, tanto en los aspectos biológicos como en los de gestión, permiten la continuidad de este proyecto y son una referencia para otros con objetivos similares para el uso de las plantas nativas.The Institute of Floriculture (National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Argentina), works on plant breeding projects that contribute to the floriculture activity by introducing into the market new varieties developed from native germplasm. The attainment of a variety is a process that takes place through a series of steps that involve the exploration and collection of germplasm, its characterization, breeding and evaluation of the obtained materials. Some of the genera involved in the program are: Alstroemeria, Calibrachoa, Glandularia, Handroanthus and Passiflora. Phytosanitary studies complement the task of the breeder, identifying the most important pathologies for each genus and evaluating alternatives for their control. The experience and knowledge accumulated so far, both in the biological and management aspects, allow the continuity of this project and are a reference for others with similar objectives for the use of native plants.Instituto de FloriculturaFil: Facciuto, Gabriela Rosa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Bologna, Paula. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Bugallo, Veronica Lucia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Rivera, Marta Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; Argentin

Stafne's bone defect:a systematic review

This systematic review integrated the available data published in the literature on Stafne?s bone defect (SBD), considering the clinical, imaging and histopathological results. An electronic search was undertaken in six databases. Eligibility criteria were: articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese describing case reports or case series of SBD, reported up to September/2021. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. A total of 98 articles were retrieved, involving 465 individuals with SBD and were included for quantitative analysis. Mean age was 52.78 years (range: 11-89 years), with male predilection (n=374/80.85%). Radiographs were the most frequent imagiological exams (n=298/64.09%), followed by computed tomography (n=98/21.08%). SBD was more prevalent in the posterior mandible (n=361/93.77%) as a hypodense radiolucent lesion (n=250/77.40%). Mean size was 1.58 cm (range: 0.3-.8.0 cm). Two-hundred-and-two lesions (97.37%) were unilocular and 126 (91.97%) were classified as well-defined. Clinical symptoms were reported in 73 cases, while 68 cases (93.15%) were asymptomatic. Only 34 cases (12.32%) were submitted to histopathological examination. Mean follow-up time was 26.42 ±25.39 months. SBD is more frequent in male patients in the fifth and sixth decade of life. Classic SBD is radiographically characterized as a single, unilocular and well-defined lesion in the posterior region of the jaw with a radiolucent/hypodense appearance

Glandularia. Plagas y manejo

Glandularia es un género exclusivamente americano, emparentado con Verbena, de amplia distribución geográfica. En Argentina existen 36 especies y una variedad botánica. Desde su creación, el Instituto de Floricultura de INTA ha trabajado en el desarrollo de variedades nacionales de glandularia como fruto del mejoramiento genético de germoplasma nativo. Tanto es así, que nuestro mercado florícola cuenta hasta el momento con 8 variedades nacionales de glandularia. Las variedades de glandularia desarrolladas por INTA son plantas herbáceas, perennes, de bajo requerimiento nutricional y poco mantenimiento. Florecen en primavera-verano en forma muy abundante, con un pico en noviembre-diciembre. Ofrecen néctar a visitantes florales, son muy vigorosas y de amplia cobertura del espacio, muy recomendables para ser utilizadas en diseños de paisaje en espacios abiertos a pleno sol, en canteros y borduras (Figura 1). A continuación se presenta una breve descripción de las mismas. Algunas de ellas se agrupan en series, por similitud en sus características.Fil: Rivera, Marta Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Alderete, L.M. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Bologna, Paula. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Borrelli, N.P. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, M.N. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Karlanian, Mónica N. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Lager, E. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; Argentin

Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Darunavir/Cobicistat in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Findings From the Multicenter Italian CORIST Study

Background: Protease inhibitors have been considered as possible therapeutic agents for COVID-19 patients. Objectives: To describe the association between lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or darunavir/cobicistat (DRV/c) use and in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. Study Design: Multicenter observational study of COVID-19 patients admitted in 33 Italian hospitals. Medications, preexisting conditions, clinical measures, and outcomes were extracted from medical records. Patients were retrospectively divided in three groups, according to use of LPV/r, DRV/c or none of them. Primary outcome in a time-to event analysis was death. We used Cox proportional-hazards models with inverse probability of treatment weighting by multinomial propensity scores. Results: Out of 3,451 patients, 33.3% LPV/r and 13.9% received DRV/c. Patients receiving LPV/r or DRV/c were more likely younger, men, had higher C-reactive protein levels while less likely had hypertension, cardiovascular, pulmonary or kidney disease. After adjustment for propensity scores, LPV/r use was not associated with mortality (HR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.13), whereas treatment with DRV/c was associated with a higher death risk (HR = 1.89, 1.53 to 2.34, E-value = 2.43). This increased risk was more marked in women, in elderly, in patients with higher severity of COVID-19 and in patients receiving other COVID-19 drugs. Conclusions: In a large cohort of Italian patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in a real-life setting, the use of LPV/r treatment did not change death rate, while DRV/c was associated with increased mortality. Within the limits of an observational study, these data do not support the use of LPV/r or DRV/c in COVID-19 patients

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research