Avaliação da microinfiltração apical em dentes obturados com quatro diferentes cimentos endodônticos

OBJETIVOS: comparar a capacidade de selamento apical de quatro cimentos endodônticos. MÉTODOS: quarenta caninos superiores humanos extraídos foram instrumentados 1 mm aquém do ápice anatômico e distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos (n=10), de acordo com o cimento endodôntico utilizado para a obturação: Endofill, AH Plus, EndoREZ e Epiphany. Os canais radiculares foram obturados pela técnica da condensação lateral com os cimentos e com cones de guta-percha, exceto o grupo do Epiphany, no qual os cones de resina (Resilon) foram utilizados. Os dentes foram imersos em nanquim por sete dias e submetidos ao processo de diafanização e, então, clarificados empregando-se o salicilato de metila. A extensão de penetração via apical do corante foi medida por meio de um microscópio de mensuração em todas as faces do terço apical. RESULTADOS: AH Plus (0,02 mm ± 0,07), Epiphany (0,00 mm ± 0,00) e EndoREZ (0,32 mm ± 0,62) não diferiram estatisticamente entre si (p>;0,01). EndoFill apresentou a maior média de penetração do corante (0,83 mm ± 0,73) e diferiu estatisticamente dos demais (pOBJECTIVES: to compare the apical sealing ability of four root canal sealers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: forty extracted human maxillary canines were instrumented 1 mm short of the anatomical apex and randomly assigned to four groups (n=10), according to the root canal sealer used for obturation: Endofill, AH Plus, EndoREZ and Epiphany. Root canals were obturated with gutta-percha points, except for the Epiphany group, in which resin points (Resilon) were used. The teeth were immersed in India ink for seven days and clarified using methyl salicylate. The extent of apical dye penetration was measured with a measuroscope in all aspects of the canal. RESULTS: AH Plus (0.02 mm ± 0.07), Epiphany (0.00 mm ± 0.00) and EndoREZ (0.32 mm ± 0.62) did not differ statistically to each other (p>;0.01). EndoFill presented the highest dye penetration mean (0.83 mm ± 0.73) and was statistically different from the other sealers (

Influência dos cones de guta-percha na obturação de canais laterais artificiais

The aim of this study was to investigate, in vitro, the percentage of filling of simulated lateral canals in teeth obturated with TP medium and standardized gutta-percha points. Twenty human mandibular canines were prepared with LA Axxess (SybronEndo) and K³ Endo rotary system (SybronEndo) up to a #50 file, according to the Free Tip Preparation Technique. During instrumentation, the root canals were alternately irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA. Six artificial lateral canals were prepared at the apical third of each tooth. Then, the teeth were assigned to two groups (n=10): Group 1 - filled with TP medium master gutta-percha points (Dentsply, Mailleffer); Group 2 - filled with standardized master gutta-percha points (Dentsply, Mailleffer). Root canal filling was complemented with AH Plus sealer (Dentsply, Mailleffer) and accessory gutta-percha points (Dentsply, Mailleffer), according to the classic technique. The teeth were radiographed and the images obtained were digitized. Linear measurements of the percentage of filling of the artificial lateral canals in each group were accomplished on the Image Tool 2.02 software. Statistical analysis of the data using Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test evidenced significant difference (pO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro o percentual de preenchimento de canais laterais artificiais em dentes obturados com cones de guta-percha TP medium e estandardizados. Vinte caninos inferiores humanos foram preparados com os instrumentos LA Axxess (SybronEndo) e o sistema rotatório K³ Endo (SybronEndo) até a lima #50, de acordo com a técnica Free Tip Preparation. Durante a instrumentação, os canais radiculares foram alternadamente irrigados com solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1% e EDTA a 17%. Seis canais laterais artificiais foram confeccionados no terço apical de cada dente. Os dentes foram então divididos em dois grupos (n=10): Grupo 1 - obturados com cones de guta-percha principais TP médium (Dentsply, Mailleffer), Grupo 2 - obturados com cones de guta-percha principais estandardizados (Dentsply, Mailleffer). A obturação do canal radicular foi complementada com o cimento obturador AH Plus (Dentsply, Mailleffer) e cones de guta-percha acessórios (Dentsply, Mailleffer), de acordo com a técnica clássica. Os dentes foram radiografados e as imagens digitalizadas. Realizou-se a mensuração do percentual de obturação dos canais laterais em cada grupo por meio do software Image Tool 2.02. A análise estatística dos dados por meio do teste não paramétrico Mann-Whitney U evidenciou diferença significante (

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Evaluation of smear layer removal of flatted canals after rotary instrumentation with four diferent NiTi instruments and association with Laser Er:YAG and ultrasonic

Estudou-se, por meio da microscopia eletrônica de varredura, a remoção da \"smear layer\" dos canais radiculares preparados com sistemas rotatórios com e sem \"radial land\". Após a preparação, as paredes dos canais radiculares foram submetidas aos tratamentos com ultra-som, aplicação do agente quelante EDTA a 15% e do laser Er:YAG. Noventa e seis incisivos inferiores humanos foram selecionados e divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos distintos, preparados com técnica rotatória Free Tip (Pecora et al, 2002) com instrumentos de níquel-titânio, 0,5 mm aquém do ápice anatômico, variando-se apenas o tratamento final das paredes do canal radicular. No grupo 1 utilizou-se o hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% durante a instrumentação; no grupo 2 realizou-se irrigação com hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% durante a instrumentação, recebendo posteriormente irradiação com laser Er:YAG (KaVo Key Laser II), com o auxílio de uma fibra óptica 30/28 de 285 &micro;m de diâmetro, gerando uma energia total de 42 J, freqüência de 15 Hz e potencia de 250mJ input (140mJ output). A cinemática utilizada na irradiação foi de movimento helicoidal de tração da fibra óptica, de apical para cervical, durante 10 segundos, sendo repetida quatro vezes; no grupo 3 utilizou-se a solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% ativada pelo ultra-som (MiniPiezon, EMS, Suíça); no grupo 4 utilizou-se a solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% e irrigação final com EDTA a 17%. Os espécimes foram preparados para microscopia eletrônica de varredura, e as fotomicrografias obtidas dos terços médio e apical submetidas a avaliação qualitativa por três observadores previamente calibrados, que atribuíam escores as imagens. A análise estatística revelou que a presença ou ausência da superfície radial de apoio (radial land) não interferiu na limpeza das paredes dos canais radiculares. Com relação ao tratamento final, o EDTA a 15% foi capaz de eliminar a \"smear layer\" com maior eficácia, sendo seguido pelo ultra-som e finalmente o laser Er:YAG. Houve diferença estatística significante entre os terços médio e apical dos canais radiculares.This study evaluated, in vitro, smear layer removal in apical and middle root thirds after instrumentation with four different rotary Ni-Ti instruments and the use of Er:YAG laser, ultrasonic or EDTA. Nineth six mandibular incisors root canals were instrumented with Free Tip Technique, and irrigated with 10 ml of sodium hypochlorite. In Group 1, 24 teeth were instrumented and irrigated only with 10 ml of 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite. Group 24, instrumented as group 1 and irradiated laser Er:YAG in the following parameters: 30/28 fiber optic tip, 42 J, 15Hz and 250mJ input (140mJ output), with the tip activated at the apex and removed to the canal entrance in a helicoidal moviment. Group 3, instrumented as in group 1 and associated with ultrasonic. Group 4, instrumented as in group 1 and associated with with 15% EDTA. Electronic Microscope images were evaluated showed that group 4 had significantly less smear layer (p<0,05) than the group 1 and 2, with group 3 in intermediated position. We conclude that sodium hypochlorite associated with 15% EDTA lead to root canals with less smear layer. The middle third present less smear layer than apical third