An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Performance of missing transverse momentum reconstruction in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV using the CMS detector

The performance of missing transverse momentum ((p) over right arrow (miss)(T)) reconstruction algorithms for the CMS experiment is presented, using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected at the CERN LHC in 2016. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The results include measurements of the scale and resolution of (p) over right arrow (miss)(T), and detailed studies of events identified with anomalous (p) over right arrow (miss)(T). The performance is presented of a (p) over right arrow (miss)(T) reconstruction algorithm that mitigates the effects of multiple proton-proton interactions, using the "pileup per particle identification" method. The performance is shown of an algorithm used to estimate the compatibility of the reconstructed (p) over right arrow (miss)(T) with the hypothesis that it originates from resolution effects.Peer reviewe

Hadronic Contributions to R and G-2 from Initial-State-Radiation Data

I review the recent efforts to improve the precision of the prediction of the anomalous moment of the muon, in particular of the hadronic contribution of the vacuum polarization, which is the contribution with the largest uncertainty. Focus is given to the recent result for e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} by the BaBar collaboration, obtained using events with radiation in the initial state

Impact of methodological choices in comparative effectiveness studies: application in natalizumab versus fingolimod comparison among patients with multiple sclerosis

Abstract Background Natalizumab and fingolimod are used as high-efficacy treatments in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Several observational studies comparing these two drugs have shown variable results, using different methods to control treatment indication bias and manage censoring. The objective of this empirical study was to elucidate the impact of methods of causal inference on the results of comparative effectiveness studies. Methods Data from three observational multiple sclerosis registries (MSBase, the Danish MS Registry and French OFSEP registry) were combined. Four clinical outcomes were studied. Propensity scores were used to match or weigh the compared groups, allowing for estimating average treatment effect for treated or average treatment effect for the entire population. Analyses were conducted both in intention-to-treat and per-protocol frameworks. The impact of the positivity assumption was also assessed. Results Overall, 5,148 relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients were included. In this well-powered sample, the 95% confidence intervals of the estimates overlapped widely. Propensity scores weighting and propensity scores matching procedures led to consistent results. Some differences were observed between average treatment effect for the entire population and average treatment effect for treated estimates. Intention-to-treat analyses were more conservative than per-protocol analyses. The most pronounced irregularities in outcomes and propensity scores were introduced by violation of the positivity assumption. Conclusions This applied study elucidates the influence of methodological decisions on the results of comparative effectiveness studies of treatments for multiple sclerosis. According to our results, there are no material differences between conclusions obtained with propensity scores matching or propensity scores weighting given that a study is sufficiently powered, models are correctly specified and positivity assumption is fulfilled

Impact of methodological choices in comparative effectiveness studies: application in natalizumab versus fingolimod comparison among patients with multiple sclerosis

Abstract Background Natalizumab and fingolimod are used as high-efficacy treatments in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Several observational studies comparing these two drugs have shown variable results, using different methods to control treatment indication bias and manage censoring. The objective of this empirical study was to elucidate the impact of methods of causal inference on the results of comparative effectiveness studies. Methods Data from three observational multiple sclerosis registries (MSBase, the Danish MS Registry and French OFSEP registry) were combined. Four clinical outcomes were studied. Propensity scores were used to match or weigh the compared groups, allowing for estimating average treatment effect for treated or average treatment effect for the entire population. Analyses were conducted both in intention-to-treat and per-protocol frameworks. The impact of the positivity assumption was also assessed. Results Overall, 5,148 relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients were included. In this well-powered sample, the 95% confidence intervals of the estimates overlapped widely. Propensity scores weighting and propensity scores matching procedures led to consistent results. Some differences were observed between average treatment effect for the entire population and average treatment effect for treated estimates. Intention-to-treat analyses were more conservative than per-protocol analyses. The most pronounced irregularities in outcomes and propensity scores were introduced by violation of the positivity assumption. Conclusions This applied study elucidates the influence of methodological decisions on the results of comparative effectiveness studies of treatments for multiple sclerosis. According to our results, there are no material differences between conclusions obtained with propensity scores matching or propensity scores weighting given that a study is sufficiently powered, models are correctly specified and positivity assumption is fulfilled

Measurement of D+(s) and D*+(s) production in B meson decays and from continuum e+ e- annihilations at s**(1/2) = 10.6-GeV.

none622Bernard Aubert; D. Boutigny; J.M. Gaillard; A. Hicheur; Y. Karyotakis; J.P. Lees; P. Robbe; V. Tisserand; A. Palano; G.P. Chen; J.C. Chen; N.D. Qi; G. Rong; P. Wang; Y.S. Hz; G. Eigen; P.L. Reinertsen; B. Stugu; B. Abbott; G.S. Abrams; A.W. Borgland; A.B. Breon; David Nathan Brown; Janice Button-Shafer; R.N. Cahn; A.R. Clark; M.S. Gill; A.V. Gritsan; Y. Groysman; R.G. Jacobsen; R.W. Kadel; J. Kadyk; L.T. Kerth; S. Kluth; Yu.G. Kolomensky; J.F. Kral; C. LeClerc; M.E. Levi; T. Liu; G. Lynch; A.B. Meyer; M. Momayezi; P.J. Oddone; A. Perazzo; M. Pripstein; N.A. Roe; A. Romosan; M.T. Ronan; V.G. Shelkov; A.V. Telnov; W.A. Wenzel; P.G. Bright-Thomas; T.J. Harrison; C.M. Hawkes; D.J. Knowles; S.W. O'Neale; R.C. Penny; A.T. Watson; N.K Watson; T. Deppermann; K. Goetzen; H. Koch; J. Krug; M. Kunze; B. Lewandowski; K. Peters; H. Schmuecker; M. Steinke; J.C. Andress; N.R. Barlow; W. Bhimji; N. Chevalier; P.J. Clark; W.N. Cottingham; N. De Groot; N. Dyce; B. Foster; J.D. McFall; D. Wallom; F.F. Wilson; K. Abe; C. Hearty; T.S. Mattison; J.A. McKenna; D. Thiessen; S. Jolly; A.K. McKemey; Jane S. Tinslay; V.E. Blinov; A.D. Bukin; D.A. Bukin; A.R. Buzykaev; V.B. Golubev; V.N. Ivanchenko; A.A. Korol; E.A. Kravchenko; A.P. Onuchin; A.A. Salnikov; S.I. Serednyakov; Yu.I. Skovpen; Valery I. Telnov; A.N. Yushkov; D. Best; A.J. Lankford; M. Mandelkern; S. McMahon; D.P. Stoker; A. Ahsan; K. Arisaka; C. Buchanan; S. Chun; J.G. Branson; D.B. MacFarlane; Soeren A. Prell; S. Rahatlou; G. Raven; V. Sharma; C. Campagnari; B. Dahmes; P.A. Hart; N. Kuznetsova; S.L. Levy; O. Long; A. Lu; J.D. Richman; W. Verkerke; Michael S. Witherell; S. Yellin; J. Beringer; D.E. Dorfan; A.M. Eisner; A. Frey; A.A. Grillo; M. Grothe; C.A. Heusch; R.P. Johnson; W. Kroeger; William S. Lockman; T. Pulliam; H. Sadrozinski; T. Schalk; R.E. Schmitz; B.A. Schumm; A. Seiden; M. Turri; W. Walkowiak; D.C. Williams; M.G. Wison; E. Chen; G.P. Dubois-Felsmann; A. Dvoretskii; D.G. Hitlin; S. Metzler; J. Oyang; F.C. Porter; A. Ryd; A. Samuel; M. Weaver; S. Yang; R.Y. Zhu; S. Devmal; T.L. Geld; S. Jayatilleke; G. Mancinelli; B.T. Meadows; M.D. Sokoloff; T. Barillari; P. Bloom; M.O. Dima; S. Fahey; William T. Ford; D.R. Johnson; U. Nauenberg; A. Olivas; H. Park; P. Rankin; J. Roy; S. Sen; James G. Smith; W.C. van Hoek; D.L. Wagner; J. Blouw; John L. Harton; M. Krishnamurthy; A. Soffer; W.H. Toki; R.J. Wilson; J. Zhang; T. Brandt; J. Brose; T. Colberg; G. Dahlinger; M. Dickopp; R.S. Dubitzky; A. Hauke; E. Maly; R. Muller-Pfefferkorn; S. Otto; Klaus R. Schubert; R. Schwierz; B. Spaan; L. Wilden; L. Behr; Denis Bernard; 1; G.R. Bonneaud; F. Brochard; J. Cohen-Tanugi; S. Ferrag; E. Roussot; S. T'Jampens; C. Thiebaux; G. Vasileiadis; M. Verderi; A. Anjomshoaa; R. Bernet; A. Khan; D. Lavin; F. Muheim; S. Playfer; J.E. Swain; M. Falbo; C. Borean; C. Bozzi; S. Dittongo; M. Folegani; L. Piemontese; E. Treadwell; F. Anulli; R. Baldini-Ferroli; A. Calcaterra; R. de Sangro; D. Falciai; G. Finocchiaro; P. Patteri; I.M. Peruzzi; M. Piccolo; Y. Xie; A. Zallo; S. Bagnasco; A. Buzzo; R. Contri; G. Crosetti; P. Fabbricatore; S. Farinon; M. Lo Vetere; M. Macri; M.R. Monge; R. Musenich; M. Pallavicini; R. Parodi; S. Passaggio; F.C. Pastore; C. Patrignani; M.G. Pia; C. Priano; E. Robutti; A. Santroni; M. Morii; R. Bartoldus; T. Dignan; R. Hamilton; U. Mallik; J. Cochran; H.B. Crawley; P.A. Fischer; J. Lamsa; W.T. Meyer; E.I. Rosenberg; M. Benkebil; G. Grosdidier; C. Hast; Andreas Hocker; H.M. Lacker; S. Laplace; V. Lepeltier; A.M. Lutz; S. Plaszczynski; M.H. Schune; S. Trincaz-Duvoid; A. Valassi; G. Wormser; R.M. Bionta; V. Brigljevic; D.J. Lange; M. Mugge; X. Shi; K. van Bibber; T.J. Wenaus; D.M. Wright; C.R. Wuest; M. Carroll; J.R. Fry; E. Gabathuler; R. Gamet; M. George; M. Kay; D.J. Payne; R.J. Sloane; C. Touramanis; M.L. Aspinwall; D.A. Bowerman; Paul D. Dauncey; U. Egede; Ivo M. Gough Eschrich; N.J.W. Gunawardane; J.A. Nash; P. Sanders; D. Smith; D.E. Azzopardi; J.J. 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Fratini; E. Lamanna; Emanuele Leonardi; M.A. Mazzoni; Silvio Morganti; G. Piredda; F. Safai Tehrani; M. Serra; C. Voena; S. Christ; R. Waldi; P.F. Jacques; M. Kalelkar; R.J. Plano; T. Adye; B. Franek; N.I. Geddes; G.P. Gopal; S.M. Xella; R. Aleksan; G. De Domenico; S. Emery; A. Gaidot; S.F. Ganzhur; P.F. Giraud; W. Kozanecki; M. Langer; G.W. London; B. Mayer; B. Serfass; G. Vasseur; C. Yeche; M. Zito; N. Copty; M.V. Purohit; H. Singh; F.X. Yumiceva; I. Adam; P.L. Anthony; D. Aston; K. Baird; J.P. Berger; Elliott D. Bloom; A.M. Boyarski; F. Bulos; G. Calderini; R. Claus; M.R. Convery; D.P. Coupal; D.H. Coward; J. Dorfan; M. Doser; W. Dunwoodie; R.C. Field; T. Glanzman; G.L. Godfrey; S.J. Gowdy; P. Grosso; T. Himel; Tetiana Berger-Hryn'ova; M.E. Huffer; Walter R. Innes; C.P. Jessop; M.H. Kelsey; P. Kim; M.L. Kocian; Urs Langenegger; David W.G.S. Leith; S. Luitz; V. Luth; H.L. Lynch; H. Marsiske; S. Menke; R. Messner; K.C. Moffeit; R. Mount; D.R. Muller; C.P. O'Grady; M. Perl; S. Petrak; Helen R. Quinn; B.N. Ratcliff; S.H. Robertson; L.S. Rochester; A. Roodman; T. Schietinger; R.H. Schindler; J. Schwiening; V.V. Serbo; A. Snyder; A. Soha; S.M. Spanier; J. Stelzer; D. Su; M.K. Sullivan; H.A. Tanaka; J. Va'vra; S.R. Wagner; A.J.R. Weinstein; William J. Wisniewski; D.H. Wright; C.C. Young; P.R. Burchat; C.H. Cheng; David P. Kirkby; T.I. Meyer; C. Roat; R. Henderson; W. Bugg; H. Cohn; A.W. Weidemann; J.M. Izen; I. Kitayama; X.C. Lou; m. Turcotte; F. Bianchi; Marcella Bona; B. Di Girolamo; D. Gamba; A. Smol; D. Zanin; L. Bosisio; G. Della Ricca; L. Lanceri; A. Pompili; P. Poropat; M. Prest; E. Vallazza; G. Vuagnin; R.S. Panvini; C. Brown; Asoka S. De Silva; Robert V. Kowalewski; J.M. Roney; H.R. Band; E. Charles; S. Dasu; F. Di Lodovico; A.M. Eichenbaum; H. Hu; J.R. Johnson; R. Liu; J. Nielsen; Y. Pan; R. Prepost; I.J. Scott; J.H. von Wimmersperg-Toeller; S.L. Wu; Z. Yu; H. Zobernig; T.M.B. Kordich; H. NealBernard, Aubert; D., Boutigny; J. 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J., Clark; W. N., Cottingham; N., De Groot; N., Dyce; B., Foster; J. D., Mcfall; D., Wallom; F. F., Wilson; K., Abe; C., Hearty; T. S., Mattison; J. A., Mckenna; D., Thiessen; S., Jolly; A. K., Mckemey; Jane S., Tinslay; V. E., Blinov; A. D., Bukin; D. A., Bukin; A. R., Buzykaev; V. B., Golubev; V. N., Ivanchenko; A. A., Korol; E. A., Kravchenko; A. P., Onuchin; A. A., Salnikov; S. I., Serednyakov; Skovpen, Y. u. I.; Valery I., Telnov; A. N., Yushkov; D., Best; A. J., Lankford; M., Mandelkern; S., Mcmahon; D. P., Stoker; A., Ahsan; K., Arisaka; C., Buchanan; S., Chun; J. G., Branson; D. B., Macfarlane; Soeren A., Prell; S., Rahatlou; G., Raven; V., Sharma; C., Campagnari; B., Dahmes; P. A., Hart; N., Kuznetsova; S. L., Levy; O., Long; A., Lu; J. D., Richman; W., Verkerke; Michael S., Witherell; S., Yellin; J., Beringer; D. E., Dorfan; A. M., Eisner; A., Frey; A. A., Grillo; M., Grothe; C. A., Heusch; R. P., Johnson; W., Kroeger; William S., Lockman; T., Pulliam; H., Sadrozinski; T., Schalk; R. E., Schmitz; B. A., Schumm; A., Seiden; M., Turri; W., Walkowiak; D. C., Williams; M. G., Wison; E., Chen; G. P., Dubois Felsmann; A., Dvoretskii; D. G., Hitlin; S., Metzler; J., Oyang; F. C., Porter; A., Ryd; A., Samuel; M., Weaver; S., Yang; R. Y., Zhu; S., Devmal; T. L., Geld; S., Jayatilleke; G., Mancinelli; B. T., Meadows; M. D., Sokoloff; T., Barillari; P., Bloom; M. O., Dima; S., Fahey; William T., Ford; D. R., Johnson; U., Nauenberg; A., Olivas; H., Park; P., Rankin; J., Roy; S., Sen; James G., Smith; W. C., van Hoek; D. L., Wagner; J., Blouw; John L., Harton; M., Krishnamurthy; A., Soffer; W. H., Toki; R. J., Wilson; J., Zhang; T., Brandt; J., Brose; T., Colberg; G., Dahlinger; M., Dickopp; R. S., Dubitzky; A., Hauke; E., Maly; R., Muller Pfefferkorn; S., Otto; Klaus R., Schubert; R., Schwierz; B., Spaan; L., Wilden; L., Behr; Denis, Bernard; 1, ; G. 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H., Weatherall; A., Farbin; A., Jawahery; V., Lillard; J., Olsen; D. A., Roberts; J. R., Schieck; G., Blaylock; C., Dallapiccola; K. T., Flood; Stanley S., Hertzbach; R., Kofler; T. B., Moore; H., Staengle; Stephane, Willocq; B., Brau; R., Cowan; G., Sciolla; F., Taylor; R. K., Yamamoto; M., Milek; P. M., Patel; J., Trischuk; F., Lanni; F., Palombo; J. M., Bauer; M., Booke; L., Cremaldi; V., Eschenburg; R., Kroeger; J., Reidy; D. A., Sanders; D. J., Summers; J. P., Martin; J. Y., Nief; R., Seitz; P., Taras; A., Woch; V., Zacek; H., Nicholson; C. S., Sutton; C., Cartaro; N., Cavallo; G., De Nardo; F., Fabozzi; C., Gatto; L., Lista; P., Paolucci; D., Piccolo; C., Sciacca; J. M., Losecco; J. R. G., Alsmiller; T. A., Gabriel; T., Handler; J., Brau; R., Frey; M., Iwasaki; N. B., Sinev; David M., Strom; F., Colecchia; F., Dal Corso; A., Dorigo; F., Galeazzi; M., Margoni; G., Michelon; M., Morandin; M., Posocco; M., Rotondo; F., Simonetto; R., Stroili; E., Torassa; C., Voci; Maurice, Benayoun; H., Briand; J., Chauveau; P., David; C., de la Vaissiere; L., Del Buono; O., Hamon; F., Le Diberder; P., Leruste; J., Lory; L., Roos; J., Stark; S., Versille; P., Manfredi; V., Re; V., Speziali; E. D., Frank; Larry D., Gladney; Q. H., Guo; J. H., Panetta; C., Angelini; G., Batignani; S., Bettarini; M., Bondioli; M., Carpinelli; F., Forti; M. A., Giorgi; A., Lusiani; F., Martinez Vidal; M., Morganti; N., Neri; E., Paoloni; M., Rama; G., Rizzo; F., Sandrelli; G., Simi; G., Triggiani; J., Walsh; M., Haire; D., Judd; K., Paick; L., Turnbull; D. E., Wagoner; J., Albert; C., Bula; P., Elmer; C., Lu; K. T., Mcdonald; V., Miftakov; S. F., Schaffner; A. J. S., Smith; A., Tumanov; E. 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L., Kocian; Urs, Langenegger; David W. G. S., Leith; S., Luitz; V., Luth; H. L., Lynch; H., Marsiske; S., Menke; R., Messner; K. C., Moffeit; R., Mount; D. R., Muller; C. P., O'Grady; M., Perl; S., Petrak; Helen R., Quinn; B. N., Ratcliff; S. H., Robertson; L. S., Rochester; A., Roodman; T., Schietinger; R. H., Schindler; J., Schwiening; V. V., Serbo; A., Snyder; A., Soha; S. M., Spanier; J., Stelzer; D., Su; M. K., Sullivan; H. A., Tanaka; J., Va'Vra; S. R., Wagner; A. J. R., Weinstein; William J., Wisniewski; D. H., Wright; C. C., Young; P. R., Burchat; C. H., Cheng; David P., Kirkby; T. I., Meyer; C., Roat; R., Henderson; W., Bugg; H., Cohn; A. W., Weidemann; J. M., Izen; I., Kitayama; X. C., Lou; M., Turcotte; F., Bianchi; Marcella, Bona; B., Di Girolamo; D., Gamba; A., Smol; D., Zanin; L., Bosisio; G., Della Ricca; L., Lanceri; A., Pompili; P., Poropat; M., Prest; E., Vallazza; G., Vuagnin; R. S., Panvini; C., Brown; Asoka S., De Silva; Robert V., Kowalewski; J. M., Roney; H. R., Band; E., Charles; S., Dasu; F., Di Lodovico; A. M., Eichenbaum; H., Hu; J. R., Johnson; R., Liu; J., Nielsen; Y., Pan; R., Prepost; I. J., Scott; J. H., von Wimmersperg Toeller; S. L., Wu; Z., Yu; H., Zobernig; T. M. B., Kordich; H., Nea

Branching fraction and CP asymmetries of B0→KS0KS0KS0

We present measurements of the branching fraction and time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in B0→K0SK0SK0S decays based on 227×106 Υ(4S)→BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. We obtain a branching fraction of (6.9+0.9−0.8±0.6)×10−6, and CP asymmetries C=−0.34+0.28−0.25±0.05 and S=−0.71+0.38−0.32±0.04, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic