Delaying dispreferred responses in English: From a Japanese perspective

This article employs conversation analysis to explore the interpenetration of grammar and preference organization in English conversation in comparison with a previous study for Japanese. Whereas varying the word order of major syntactic elements is a vital grammatical resource in Japanese for accomplishing the potentially universal task of delaying dispreferred responses to a range of first actions, it is found to have limited utility in English. A search for alternative operations and devices that conversationalists deploy for this objective in English points to several grammatical constructions that can be tailored to maximize the delay of dispreferred responses. These include the fronting of relatively mobile, syntactically ?non-obligatory? elements of clause structure and the employment of various copular constructions. A close interdependence is observed between the rudimentary grammatical resources available in the two languages and the types of operations that are respectively enlisted for the implementation of the organization of preference

“Chunking” spoken language - Introducing weak cesuras

With this special issue, we would like to present current Conversation-Analytic and Interactional-Linguistic work (see also Section 1.3) on the “units” of naturally occurring talk to a broader linguistic public. While there are methodological (and theoretical) differences to other, earlier approaches, we all share an interest in how language works in human interaction. One aspect of the workings of human language is its being produced in spurts or chunks. Yet, especially when applying chunking models, such chunks are not always easy to separate and thus to identify. Moreover, when studying the fuzzier instances of boundaries of such chunks in more detail, it turns out that participants can use them for interactional purposes. This is what this special issue aims to topicalize

Linguística Interacional

O presente capítulo fornece um esboço da Linguística Interacional e sua relevância à Linguística Aplicada. Inclui-se nisso uma pesquisa acerca da emergência da Linguística Interacional, seus conceitos básicos e instrumentos metodológicos, perguntas de pesquisa e desafios futuros da  Linguística Interacional, bem como sua contribuição à Linguística Aplicada. O capítulo termina com uma bibliografia de trabalhos citados e referências relevantes

Construction grammar and prosody : OH in English everyday interaction

Peer reviewe

Some (further) Comments on the Theta(1540) Pentaquark

Additional broader I=0 states in the KN channel near $\Theta^+$(1540) are expected in many models, making the absence of any signature in the K$^+$-deuteron scattering data even more puzzling. In an ideal "three-body" picture the $\Theta$ is viewed as two compact ud(1)ud(2) $\bar{3}$ color diquarks and an $\bar{s}$ quark. A "QCD-type" inequality involving $m(\Theta^+), m(\Lambda)$, the mass of the $\Lambda(1/2^-)$ L=1 excitation and that of a new I=0 tetraquark vector meson then follows. The inequality suggests a very light new vector meson, and is violated. We note that "associated production" of the pentaquark with another quadriquark or anti-pentaquark may be favored. This along with some estimates of the actual production cross sections suggest that the $\Theta$ can be found in BaBar or Belle e$^+$-e$^-$ colliders.Comment: 6 page

Measurement of the top-quark mass in tt¯ events with dilepton final states in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Open Access: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- Chatrchyan, S. et al.The top-quark mass is measured in proton-proton collisions at s√=7 TeV using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb−1 collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is performed in the dilepton decay channel tt¯→(ℓ+νℓb)(ℓ−ν¯¯ℓb¯), where ℓ=e,μ. Candidate top-quark decays are selected by requiring two leptons, at least two jets, and imbalance in transverse momentum. The mass is reconstructed with an analytical matrix weighting technique using distributions derived from simulated samples. Using a maximum-likelihood fit, the top-quark mass is determined to be 172.5±0.4 (stat.)±1.5 (syst.) GeV.Acknowledge support from BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France);BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEP, IPST and NECTEC (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Austrian Science Fund (FWF); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWTBelgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of Czech Republic; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); and the HOMING PLUS program of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund.Peer Reviewe

The participant perspective : interactional-linguistic work on the phonetics of talk-in-interaction. Presentation at the panel "Methods of analyzing spoken English"

This paper presents the concept of the "participant perspective" as an approach to the study of spoken language. It discusses three aspects of this concept and shows that they can offer helpful tools in spoken language research. Employing the participant perspective provides us with an alternative to many of the approaches currently in use in the study of spoken language in that it favours small-scale, qualitative research that aims to uncover categories relevant for the participants. Its results can usefully complement large-scale studies of phenomena on all linguistic dimensions of talk