Sibling relationships of children with mentally disabled siblings and healthy siblings

This study compares children who have mentally disabled siblings with those who do not. The study group included the mothers and siblings of 60 mentally disabled children and the comparison group included the mot-hers and siblings of 60 healthy children. The study data were collected using a family information form and the Schaeffer Sibling Behavior Rating Scale. In the group of children with mentally disabled siblings, there were significant differences in the subdimensions of kindness, avoidance, em-pathy and involvement perceived by the mothers and siblings. In the com-parison group, the only significant difference was in the kindness subdi-mension. In the group of children with mentally disabled siblings, there was a significant difference between the age variable and sibling relations-hip

Validade e confiabilidade da versão turca da escala de avaliação do Ambiente de Aprendizagem Clínica, Supervisão e Professor de Enfermagem (CLES+T)

Aim: A methodological type of study was conducted for the purpose of investigating the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) evaluation scale of the clinical learning environment of students, clinical nurses, and educators. Methods: Sample was comprised of 602 Turkish nursing students with clinical practice experience at the hospital. The CLES+T, developed by Saarikoski, was used for data collection. Language equivalency, internal consistency, item-total correlation, and structure validity were conducted within the scope of the validity and reliability study on the CLES +T scale. Results: It was determined that item-total correlations of four items were lower than 0.30, and those items were removed from the scale as a result of item analysis. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the scale was 0.93-0.99; item total point correlations of the scale varied between 0.45 and 0.66; six factors were identified in the CLES+T factor analysis study, with a total variance explained by these six factors of 64%. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, the CLES+T Turkish version was found to be a valid and reliable scale, which can be used to evaluate satisfaction of nursing students with their clinical education in TurkeyObjetivo: Um estudo do tipo metodológico foi desenvolvido com o propósito de investigar a validade e a confiabilidade da versão turca da escala de avaliação do Ambiente de Aprendizagem Clínica, Supervisão e Professor de Enfermagem (CLES + T) no ambiente de aprendizagem clínica de estudantes, enfermeiros clínicos e educadores. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 602 estudantes de enfermagem turcos com experiência na prática clínica hospitalar. O CLES + T, desenvolvido por Saarikoski, foi utilizado para coleta de dados. Equivalência de linguagem, consistência interna, correlação item-total e validade de estrutura foram avaliados no escopo do estudo de validade e confiabilidade na escala CLES + T. Resultados: As correlações item-total de quatro itens foram inferiores a 0,30, e tais itens foram removidos da escala como resultado da análise de itens. O valor alfa de Cronbach da escala foi de 0,93-0,99; as correlações itemtotal da escala variaram entre 0,45 e 0,66; seis fatores foram identificados na análise fatorial da escala, com uma variância total explicada por esses seis fatores de 64%. Conclusão: De acordo com os resultados da pesquisa, a versão turca do escala CLES+T foi considerada válida e confiável, a qual pode ser usada para avaliar a satisfação de estudantes de enfermagem com sua educação clínica na Turquia.Objetivo: Se realizó un estudio de tipo metodológico con el fin de investigar la validez y la fiabilidad de la versión turca de la escala de evaluación del entorno de aprendizaje clínico, la supervisión y la enfermera docente (CLES + T) del entorno clínico de aprendizaje de estudiantes, enfermeras clínicas, y docentes. Métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 602 estudiantes de enfermería turcos con experiencia en práctica clínica en el hospital. Se utilizó el CLES + T, desarrollado por Saarikoski, para la recopilación de datos. Se realizaron la equivalencia idiomática, la consistencia interna, la correlación ítem-total y la validez de la estructura dentro del alcance del estudio de validez y confiabilidad en la escala CLES + T. Resultados: se determinó que las correlaciones ítem-total de cuatro ítems eran inferiores a 0.30, y se eliminaron de la escala como resultado del análisis. El valor alfa de Cronbach de la escala fue 0.93-0.99; las correlaciones de puntos totales de los ítems de la escala variaron entre 0.45 y 0.66; se identificaron seis factores en el estudio de análisis del factor CLES + T, con una varianza total explicada por estos seis factores del 64%. Conclusión: según los resultados de la investigación, se encontró que la versión turca de CLES + T era una escala válida y confiable, que se puede utilizar para evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes de enfermería con su educación clínica en Turquí

Kemijski sastav te antioksidacijski, citotoksični i insekticidni potencijal valerijane Valeriana alliariifolia u Turskoj

Valeriana is a common plant species used for various healing purposes in folk medicine since antiquity. This study investigates the phytochemical profile, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and insecticidal activity of Valeriana alliariifolia Adams, a species that has traditionally been used in Turkey. For the analyses we prepared four root extracts of V. alliariifolia Adams using hexane (HM1), chloroform (CM1), ethanol (EM1), and water (WM1) for maceration. Additionally, two extracts were also prepared from its roots by maceration separately with ethanol (EM2) and water (WM2). One sample was prepared as a water infusion (WI), according to the procedure used in Turkish traditional medicine. The 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity tests showed that ethanol extracts had the strongest antioxidant activity: EM1 (IC50 – DPPH: 17.694 μg/mL; ABTS: 23.8 μg/mL) and EM2 (IC50 – DPPH: 20 μg/mL; ABTS: 21.5 μg/mL). The hexane extract, HM1, was the most cytotoxic (IC50<10 μg/mL against HepG2 and HUVEC) and EM2 strongly cytotoxic (IC50<10 μg/mL against HepG2 and IC50: 11.96 μg/mL against HUVEC). The extracts with demonstrated cytotoxic activities were further examined to check their insecticidal activity against adult female mosquito Aedes aegypti and first instar Ae. aegypti larvae. HM1 was the most effective (90±10 %), which was consistent with its cytotoxic activity. Because of the high antioxidant, cytotoxic, and insecticidal activities, we ran phytochemical analyses of the HM1, EM1, and EM2 extracts with GC-MS (for HM1) and LC-MS/MS (for EM1 and EM2). We also analysed the composition of the essential oil obtained from V. alliariifolia roots by micro-distillation in order to compare its content with HM1, which contains volatile compounds. Phytochemical analyses revealed that the major compound in HM1 was isovaleric acid (16 %) and in the essential oil 1,8-cineole (2.9 %). EM1 and EM2 contained 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid), verbascoside (acteoside), and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid as major components. In the light of our findings and available literature, we can conclude that V. alliariifolia has a good bioactive potential that could be used for different purposes, including the development of new agents for the treatment of various diseases. The difference in the content between the essential oil and HM1 was remarkable. It suggests that the variability observed in the activity of the samples was a result of composition and that, therefore, the aim of treatment should dictate which type of preparation is to be selected. An added value of our study is that it determined verbascoside and methylquercetin rutinoside for the first time in the Valeriana extracts.Valerijana (odoljen) česta je biljna vrsta koja se zbog svojih ljekovitih svojstava od davnina rabi u narodnoj medicini. U ovome se istraživanju utvrdio fitokemijski profil te antioksidacijsko, citotoksično i insekticidno djelovanje tradicionalne vrste koja se za liječenje rabi u Turskoj – Valeriana alliariifolia Adams. Za analizu je maceracijom pripremljeno šest ekstrakata njezina korijena pomoću heksana (HM1), kloroforma (CM1), etanola (EM1, EM2) i vode (WM1, WM2). Jedan je uzorak pripremljen infuzijom vodom (WI) prema tradicionalnom turskom receptu za ljekovite pripravke. Testovima antioksidacijskoga djelovanja pomoću 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazila (DPPH) i 2,2’-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonične kiseline (ABTS) izdvojeni su sljedeći ekstrakti s najjačim antioksidacijskim djelovanjem: EM1 (IC50 – DPPH: 17,694 μg/mL; ABTS: 23,8 μg/mL) i EM2 (IC50 – DPPH: 20 μg/mL; ABTS: 21,5 μg/mL). Ekstrakt s heksanom, HM1, iskazao je najveću citotoksičnost (IC50<10 μg/mL protiv tumorskih stanica HepG2 i HUVEC), a EM2 snažnu citotoksičnost (IC50<10 μg/mL protiv HepG2 stanica te IC50 11,96 μg/mL protiv HUVEC stanica). Ekstrakte s najsnažnijim citotoksičnim djelovanjem također smo analizirali za insekticidno djelovanje protiv odraslih ženki komarca vrste Aedes aegypti te njihovih ličinki. U skladu sa svojom citotoksičnosti, HM1 se pokazao najdjelotvornijim (smrtnost 90±10 %). Zbog snažnog antioksidacijskog, citotoksičnog i insekticidnog djelovanja, napravili smo i fitokemijsku analizu ekstrakata HM1, EM1 i EM2 služeći se metodama GC-MS (za HM1) i LC-MS/MS (za EM1 i EM2). Također smo analizirali sastav esencijalnoga ulja dobivenoga mikrodestilacijom korijena V. alliariifolia kako bismo ga usporedili sa sastavom HM1, koji je sadržavao hlapljive sastojke. Fitokemijska je analiza pokazala da je glavni sastojak HM1 izovalerijanska kiselina (16 %), a esencijalnoga ulja 1,8-cineol (2,9 %). Glavni sastojci ekstrakata EM1 i EM2 bili su 5-O-kafeoilkvinska kiselina (klorogena kiselina), verbakozid (akteozid) i 3,5-dikafeoilkvinska kiselina. U svjetlu ovih rezultata i dostupne literature, možemo zaključiti da V. alliariifolia ima dobar bioaktivni potencijal, koji se može iskoristiti za različite svrhe poput razvoja novih tvari za liječenje bolesti. Razlika u sadržaju između esencijalnoga ulja i ekstrakta HM1 pokazala se golemom te upućuje na to da su razlike u aktivnosti između uzoraka rezultat sastava, zbog čega primjena/liječenje trebaju uvjetovati koja će se vrsta pripravka odabrati. Dodatna je vrijednost ovoga istraživanja što su se u ekstraktima valerijane prvi put otkrili verbaskozid i metilkvercetin rutinozid

Corrigendum to "European contribution to the study of ROS:A summary of the findings and prospects for the future from the COST action BM1203 (EU-ROS)" [Redox Biol. 13 (2017) 94-162]

The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) provides an ideal framework to establish multi-disciplinary research networks. COST Action BM1203 (EU-ROS) represents a consortium of researchers from different disciplines who are dedicated to providing new insights and tools for better understanding redox biology and medicine and, in the long run, to finding new therapeutic strategies to target dysregulated redox processes in various diseases. This report highlights the major achievements of EU-ROS as well as research updates and new perspectives arising from its members. The EU-ROS consortium comprised more than 140 active members who worked together for four years on the topics briefly described below. The formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) is an established hallmark of our aerobic environment and metabolism but RONS also act as messengers via redox regulation of essential cellular processes. The fact that many diseases have been found to be associated with oxidative stress established the theory of oxidative stress as a trigger of diseases that can be corrected by antioxidant therapy. However, while experimental studies support this thesis, clinical studies still generate controversial results, due to complex pathophysiology of oxidative stress in humans. For future improvement of antioxidant therapy and better understanding of redox-associated disease progression detailed knowledge on the sources and targets of RONS formation and discrimination of their detrimental or beneficial roles is required. In order to advance this important area of biology and medicine, highly synergistic approaches combining a variety of diverse and contrasting disciplines are needed

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

European contribution to the study of ROS: A summary of the findings and prospects for the future from the COST action BM1203 (EU-ROS).

The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) provides an ideal framework to establish multi-disciplinary research networks. COST Action BM1203 (EU-ROS) represents a consortium of researchers from different disciplines who are dedicated to providing new insights and tools for better understanding redox biology and medicine and, in the long run, to finding new therapeutic strategies to target dysregulated redox processes in various diseases. This report highlights the major achievements of EU-ROS as well as research updates and new perspectives arising from its members. The EU-ROS consortium comprised more than 140 active members who worked together for four years on the topics briefly described below. The formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) is an established hallmark of our aerobic environment and metabolism but RONS also act as messengers via redox regulation of essential cellular processes. The fact that many diseases have been found to be associated with oxidative stress established the theory of oxidative stress as a trigger of diseases that can be corrected by antioxidant therapy. However, while experimental studies support this thesis, clinical studies still generate controversial results, due to complex pathophysiology of oxidative stress in humans. For future improvement of antioxidant therapy and better understanding of redox-associated disease progression detailed knowledge on the sources and targets of RONS formation and discrimination of their detrimental or beneficial roles is required. In order to advance this important area of biology and medicine, highly synergistic approaches combining a variety of diverse and contrasting disciplines are needed.The EU-ROS consortium (COST Action BM1203) was supported by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). The present overview represents the final Action dissemination summarizing the major achievements of COST Action BM1203 (EU-ROS) as well as research news and personal views of its members. Some authors were also supported by COST Actions BM1005 (ENOG) and BM1307 (PROTEOSTASIS), as well as funding from the European Commission FP7 and H2020 programmes, and several national funding agencies

A Criticism to the Definition of the Ottoman Ilmiye Organization: The Case of Sinobi Abdullah Ahdi

WOS: 000468295600008The Ottoman ulema organization continued until the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, in addition to religious services, especially in education, he has been assigned as mufti and kadi appointments. It is also a professional group with some important privileges, which are positioned as the authority to conduct judicial activity. The problems that the Ottoman Empire experienced in the financial, administrative and military organization as well as the period of pause were also reflected in the ilmiye organization, as a result, some works were written that criticized the status of the ilmiye organization and included suggestions for improvement. In his work, Abdullah Ahdi criticized the ilmiye organization and some of the injustices made during the period. However, it is noteworthy that Abdullah Ahdi wrote these criticisms in his book fiqh Ibn Nticeym's al-Ashbah and al-Nezair prepared as the subject of his book on general principles. This caused his work to be no longer an ordinary sketch and a unique character. In this study, although the content of Abdullah Ahdi's book will be evaluated in general, the scientific and political panorama of the period will be summarized, it will be tried to reveal the relationship between the issues of him and the features of the period

The investigation of the predictors of FoMO and Nomophobia in undergraduate university students

Lisans eğitimi almakta olan üniversite öğrencilerinde, FoMO ve nomofobinin varlığının değerlendirilmesi ve yordayıcılarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem:Araştırma tanımlayıcı nitelikte olup, evreni bilinen gruplarda örneklem hesabı formülü ile örneklem büyüklüğü hesaplanarak 312 öğrenci ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Demografik Tanılama Formu, Nomofobi ölçeği, Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu Ölçeği (GKKÖ) kullanılarak çevirimiçi toplanmıştır. Bulgular:Katılımcıların %51,9'u internet bağımlısıdır. Öğrencilerin en çok tercih ettiği sosyal medya uygulamaları Youtube (%47,4) ve WhatsApp (%44,2) uygulamasıdır. Öğrencilerin %75’i sosyal medyayı, merak ettiği ve ilgi duyduğu şeyleri takip etmek amacıyla kullanmıştır. Nomofobi ile FoMO puanları arasında, orta düzeyde ve pozitif yönde, ileri düzeyde anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (r: .42, p<,001). Sonuç:Öğrencilerde internet bağımlılık oranı ortalamanın üstündedir. Öğrencilerin sosyal medyayı ilk olarak merak ve ilgi alanlarına yönelik takip ettiği, ikinci olarak ise bilgi almak amacı ile kullandığı görülmüştür. İnternet bağımlılığı ile gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur.This study aimed to evaluate the presence of FoMO and no- mophobia in undergraduate students and to determine their predi- ctors. Method: This study is a descriptive study. The sample was composed of students studying at the Faculty of Engineering and the Faculty of Nursing. All volunteer students (n=312) who met the inclusion criteria and according to the sampling calculation made the sample. Findings: It was determined that 51.9% of the participants were Internet addicts. The most preferred social media applications by all the students are YouTube (47,4%) and WhatsApp (44,2%). It was found that 75% of the students use social media to follow the content they are curious about and interested in. When the correlational re- lationship between the students’ nomophobia and foMO scores was examined, it was determined that there was a highly significant mo- derate and positive relationship (r:.42, p <,001). Conclusion: This study revealed that the rate of internet addiction is above average. It was found that the students used social media to follow what they are most curious about and interested in and to ob- tain information. However, a positive relationship was found betwe- en Internet addiction and the fear of missing out. As the scores for fear of missing out increase, the nomophobia scores also increase