Coronary risk factors in elite athletes

Objetivo Relatar a prevalência de fatores de risco coronariano em atletas de alto nível. Métodos Oitenta e oito atletas (62 homens) que representaram o Brasil nos Jogos Olímpicos de Seul em 1988 dentro do Projeto SEUL/COB/AMIL. Foram analisados os seguintes fatores de risco: história familiar de cardiopatia isquêmica, hipercolesterolemia (colesterol-total e subfrações), hipertensão arterial, intolerância à glicose, tabagismo e hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (HVE). As médias de colesterol-total, HDL-colesterol e da relação colesterol-total/HDL-colesterol dos atletas masculinos e femininos foram comparadas pelo teste-t de Student para amostras independentes. A distribuição da prevalência do número de fatores de risco por sexo foi analisada através do qui-quadrado. Resultados História familiar de cardiopatia isquêmica foi referida por 11 (12,5%) atletas. Tabagismo regular foi relatado por 12 (13,6%) atletas. Nenhum atleta era hipertenso ou apresentava intolerância à glicose. HVE foi diagnosticada ecocardiograficamente em 36 (40,9%) atletas. A média do colesterol-total nos homens foi de 172 ± 36 mg/dl e nas mulheres, 187 ± 34 mg/dl. O HDL-colesterol foi em média 46 ± 10 mg/dl nos homens e 60 ± 13 mg/ dl nas mulheres. A média da relação colesterol total/HDL-colesterol foi de 4,02 ± 1,39 mg/dl nos homens e 3,21 ± 0,74 mg/dl nas mulheres. A diferença entre os níveis de colesterol-total entre os sexos não foi significante (p > 0,05). A diferença entre os sexos na relação colesterol-total/HDL-colesterol e HDLcolesterol foi significante (p 0,05). Conclusão É importante investigar a presença de fatores de risco coronariano nos exames de rotina do atleta.Purpose To report the prevalence of coronary risk factoris in elite athletes. Methods The prevalence of coronary risk factors was determind in 88 athletes (62 men and 26 women) who participate representing Brazil, in the Olympic Games at Seul in 1988, in the Project SEUL/COB/AMIL. The risk factors analyzed were: family history of coronary heart disease, hypercholesterolemia (totalcholesterol and subfractions), hypertension, glucose intolerance, smoking and left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH). We compared the mean values of total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and the relation of total-cholesterol/HDLcholesterol between men and women with unpaired Students t Test. The distribution of risk factors prevalece by sex was analysed with the chi-square test. Results Family history of coronary heart disease was detected in 11 (12.5%) athletes. Smoking was found in 12 (13.6%) athletes. There was no one with hypertension or glucose intolerance. LVH was diagnosed with the echocardiogram, in 36 athletes (40.9%). Total-cholesterol mean was 172 ± 36 mg/dl in men and 187 ± 34 mg/dl in women. HDL-cholesterol mean was 46 ± 10 mg/dl in men and 60 ± 13 mg/dl in women. Total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol mean was 4.02 ± 1.39 mg/dl in men and 3.21 ± 0.74 mg/ dl in women. The difference between total-choresterol in mean and women was not statistically significant (p < 0.05). HDL-cholesterol and total-cholesterol/ HDL-cholesterol means were statistically different (p < 0.05). Prevalence distribution of the number of risk factors by sex were not statistically different (p < 0.05). Conclusion The results shows how important is to look for coronary risk factors in elite athletes

South american guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention and rehabilitation

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Updated cardiovascular prevention guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: 2019

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Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| &lt; 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe

Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The second-order Fourier coefficients (v(2)) characterizing the azimuthal distributions of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons produced in PbPb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV are studied. The Y mesons are reconstructed in their dimuon decay channel, as measured by the CMS detector. The collected data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 nb(-1). The scalar product method is used to extract the v2 coefficients of the azimuthal distributions. Results are reported for the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.4, in the transverse momentum interval 0 < pT < 50 GeV/c, and in three centrality ranges of 10-30%, 30-50% and 50-90%. In contrast to the J/psi mesons, the measured v(2) values for the Y mesons are found to be consistent with zero. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Measurement of b jet shapes in proton-proton collisions at root s=5.02 TeV

We present the first study of charged-hadron production associated with jets originating from b quarks in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in this study was collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb(-1). To characterize the jet substructure, the differential jet shapes, defined as the normalized transverse momentum distribution of charged hadrons as a function of angular distance from the jet axis, are measured for b jets. In addition to the jet shapes, the per-jet yields of charged particles associated with b jets are also quantified, again as a function of the angular distance with respect to the jet axis. Extracted jet shape and particle yield distributions for b jets are compared with results for inclusive jets, as well as with the predictions from the pythia and herwig++ event generators.Peer reviewe

An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Development and validation of HERWIG 7 tunes from CMS underlying-event measurements

This paper presents new sets of parameters (“tunes”) for the underlying-event model of the HERWIG7 event generator. These parameters control the description of multiple-parton interactions (MPI) and colour reconnection in HERWIG7, and are obtained from a fit to minimum-bias data collected by the CMS experiment at s=0.9, 7, and 13Te. The tunes are based on the NNPDF 3.1 next-to-next-to-leading-order parton distribution function (PDF) set for the parton shower, and either a leading-order or next-to-next-to-leading-order PDF set for the simulation of MPI and the beam remnants. Predictions utilizing the tunes are produced for event shape observables in electron-positron collisions, and for minimum-bias, inclusive jet, top quark pair, and Z and W boson events in proton-proton collisions, and are compared with data. Each of the new tunes describes the data at a reasonable level, and the tunes using a leading-order PDF for the simulation of MPI provide the best description of the dat

Search for Physics beyond the Standard Model in Events with Overlapping Photons and Jets

Results are reported from a search for new particles that decay into a photon and two gluons, in events with jets. Novel jet substructure techniques are developed that allow photons to be identified in an environment densely populated with hadrons. The analyzed proton-proton collision data were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in 2016 at root s = 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The spectra of total transverse hadronic energy of candidate events are examined for deviations from the standard model predictions. No statistically significant excess is observed over the expected background. The first cross section limits on new physics processes resulting in such events are set. The results are interpreted as upper limits on the rate of gluino pair production, utilizing a simplified stealth supersymmetry model. The excluded gluino masses extend up to 1.7 TeV, for a neutralino mass of 200 GeV and exceed previous mass constraints set by analyses targeting events with isolated photons.Peer reviewe