Ownership Issues of Old-Stratified Scheme: Failure factors of Strata Title application

A special building is representing the old-stratified scheme occupied before June 1996 or from June 1996 to 11 April 2007 as stated in Strata Titles Act 1985. It is highlighted for the absence of strata title that is resulted from the failure of strata title application. However, even strata title legislation relating to strata title application are improving, the number of strata title applications for special building are still showing deficiencies. Hence, this paper attempts to explain the factors that contribute to the failure of strata title applications for special buildings in Malaysia. Keywords: Special Building; Strata Title Application; Factors; Failures eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.326

Household Wellbeing of Program Perumahan Rakyat in Johor Bahru: A Preliminary Analysis

In the present climate, most low and middle-income households are affected by market conditions; hence the positive impact of household wellbeing is difficult to achieve as expected. This paper examines the social and economic wellbeing of Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) scheme in Johor Bahru by collecting 109 survey data to provide a full picture of the extended coverage of household wellbeing dimension. A cross-sectional survey was employed to establish research objectives, and the survey data were analysed by using the Relative Importance Index analysis. The results indicated that the number of households, number of bedroom and bathroom, monthly consumption, monthly income, and housing quality are the factors that extremely influencing household wellbeing of the PPR scheme

Competencies Framework For The Property Manager Of Shopping Malls

The property management profession in Malaysia is registered under the Akta Penilai, Pentaksir, Ejen Harta Tanah dan Pengurus Harta 1981 (Akta 242)/ Valuers, Appraisers, Real Estate Agents and Property Managers Act 1981 (Act 242). A property manager is required to carry out management and control of any land, building and any interest in the land or building, excluding business management based on the property on behalf of the owner for a fee. In Malaysia, property managers have previously been free to manage their property under their custody, most of whom manage the assets on the basis of their own guidelines and standards. Therefore, in order to address these issues, this study was conducted in order to develop a competencies framework for property managers in the shopping mall. Proposed framework that based on knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs), could assist the organization in determining the competencies of property managers in their shopping centers for day-to-day tasks as well as for the purpose of hiring. Future research on the relationship between knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics of job performance is recommended

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Underground Space Ownership in Malaysia : Defining the Rights

Underground space development is one of the development alternatives taken by many countries including Malaysia. Therefore, the National Land Code 1965 (NLC 1965) was amended to insert Part Five (A) for underground space disposal. However, the legislation is still ambiguous and has raised many arguments between the landowners and the developers. Land ownership has become the major issues in developing the underground space. It creates conflicts when underground space to be developed by the different landowners on the surface. Even though the legislation is there, the mechanism of implementation is absent. Hence, this study was undertaken to understand the concept of surface landowner towards his underground space and underground space ownership. This study is a purely qualitative study and interviews were conducted with four selected respondents who were involved in underground space development in Malaysia by using the semi-structured interview questions to get their views and opinions to support this study. The obtained data were then analyzed descriptively. The findings have shown that two important elements need to be emphasized in underground space ownership, which is the land rights and depth. However, to further assist the underground space development in the future, Malaysia must consider revising the concept of underground space tenure to help in explaining and differentiate the tenure and rights held by the surface landowner, the underground space owner and also the developer individually

The effectiveness of saham waqf on adequacy of funds for development projects in Malaysia

It is often said that waqf is asset rich but cash poor. Hence, this paper aims to look at the effectiveness of saham waqf in providing adequate funds for the development of waqf properties. The explanatory study is of the concept of saham waqf and the practice of four waqf institutions in Malaysia. To determine risks to the effectiveness of the concept and practice of saham waqf, both have to be studied qualitatively. On the concept, the contents of the original fatwa and scholarly write-ups and literature were reviewed. To analyze the practice, available policy papers, documented archives, and contents of semi- structured interviews with their officials were used. Considering the nature of available data, performance of fund raising strategy (saham waqf) was measured by availability of adequate funds at the time of completion of a development project or the number of similar projects it has financed in a given period. It was found that in some cases of project-based fund raising exercises, saham waqf was unable to have sufficient returns that could cover full cost of the development. The study concludes that project based saham waqf may not be ideal fund raising strategy, and due to conceptual constrains, it might be an ad-hoc method as fund is exhausted once it is utilized. The study also implies that generally saham waqf make waqf assets lose return because of lack of value enhancement potential, which may have negative effect on overall capital adequacy of waqf funds for socioeconomic projects. The study calls for improvement of conceptual model of saham waqf

Residential strata organisation system choice for strata management scheme in Malaysia

Nowadays, increasing urbanization and the scarcity of land for property development has changes from horizontal to vertical approach in high rise residential complex. People are beginning to realize that high-rise buildings require effective property management to maintain property values. At the same time, it should maintain a high return on investment. Demand for housing is rising, leading to rising housing prices due to shortage of land. The continued development of residential property strata demonstrates the importance of effective management needs especially in the area of strata management. This paper focused on the management of a residential strata development. The research methodology used for this study was a case study, which involve ten residential strata scheme within Kuala Lumpur. The major inquiry in this paper relates to the legitimate and handy outcomes of engaging with an in-house management or a Managing Agent to deal with residential strata scheme