Heatwaves in Romania -Frequency and Duration.

Heatwaves are recognized, although there is still no general acknowledged definition, as periods of unusually hot and dry or hot and humid weather, which occur gradually and cease in the same way, lasting at least 2 to 3 days with visible impact on human activities. Episodes characterized by heatwaves induce excessively hot weather compared to the local climatic specific features. The period with or without heatwaves is different from a region to another, depending on the particularities of each area. This climatological hazard can be described as an advection of tropical air mass which, compared to the climatological standards, leads to reaching large positive temperature deviations, that in some cases will set new thermal records. In the northern hemisphere, in the area of temperate latitudes, which includes Romania, the highest values of air temperature are generally recorded from mid-June to the end of August. Heatwaves in Romania are mainly generated by the advection of continental hot air masses from North Africa, leading to a stable stratification of the atmosphere from ground levels to more higher ones. The ridge of the North African anticyclone extends either over Central Europe or Central Eastern Europe, up to Romania, generating heatwaves for the first scenario in the western regions of our country, whereas or the second one outside the Carpathians, most frequently in the Romanian Plain. In Romania, the most frequent heatwaves, taken by duration in time are those between 2 and 5 days. while analysed in terms of intensity, stand out those during summer months (June to August)

BODY SHAPING THROUGH AEROBIC TRAINING IN THE GYM IN ADULT WOMEN

Introduction. Regular physical activity has positive effects on human body composition, even if not combined with a diet. For many people this activity aims to reduce the amount of fat in some areas of the body and targets body shaping. Objectives. The main objective of this study was to learn about the effects of a 12-months regular participation in aerobic training exercises. Methods. This study was voluntarily attended by 89 women with an average age of 31.62, practicing aerobic exercises in gyms, three times a week for a period of 12 months. We carried out anthropometric measurements of subjects at the beginning and at end of the study, respectively, and data was statistically analysed using the SPSS 23.0 software. Results. Data collected was statistically processed, showing that participation in physical training led to reducing body weight by 4.81 kg, decrease of adipose tissue - between the two moments there was a difference of 5 % - fat mass decreased by 4.26 kg, and lean body mass by 0.55 kg. Significant decrease in chest, waist and hip circumference was also noticed. Conclusions. Regular participation in physical training programs involving aerobic exercise for 12 months has had the effect of reducing body weight and the amount of fat in some areas of the body, materialized by decreasing the value of the circumference of the chest, waist and hips, with the intention of reaching the ideal body weight and aiming for body shaping. REZUMAT. Modelare corporală prin activități fizice în sala de fitness la femei adulte. Introducere: Practicarea regulată a activităților fizice are efecte pozitive asupra compoziției corporale, chiar dacă nu sunt combinate cu o dietă alimentară. Pentru multe persoane această activitate are în vedere reducerea cantității de țesut adipos din unele zone ale corpului, modelarea corpului. Obiective: Obiectivul principal al acestui studiu a fost să aflăm care sunt efectele participării cu regularitate, timp de 12 luni, la programe de antrenament aerobic. Metode: La acest studiu au participat voluntar 89 de persoane de gen feminin cu vârsta medie de 31,62, practicante ale activităților aerobice în cadrul unor săli de fitness, de trei ori pe săptămână, timp de 12 luni. Au fost efectuate măsurători antropometrice la începutul și sfârșitul studiului, iar datele au fost analizate statistic cu ajutorul programului SPSS 23.0. Rezultate: Datele colectate au fost prelucrate statistic, reieșind că participarea la antrenament a avut ca efect reducerea greutății corporale cu 4.81 kg, țesutul adipos a scăzut – între cele două momente de timp existând o diferență de 5 procente – masa grasă a scăzut cu 4,26 kg, iar masa slabă cu 0,55 kg. De asemenea, s-au constatat reduceri semnificative ale circumferințelor pieptului, taliei și șoldurilor. Concluzii: Participarea cu regularitate la programe de antrenament cu exerciții aerobice timp de 12 luni a avut ca efect reducerea greutății corporale și a cantității de țesut adipos din unele zone ale corpului, concretizată prin scăderea valorii circumferințelor pieptului, taliei și șoldurilor, cu intenția de a se apropia de greutatea corporală ideală și de modelare a corpului. Cuvinte cheie: modelare corporală, activitate fizică, țesut adipos, femei adulte, greutate corporală ideală

THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROGRAMS IN FITNESS HALLS ON BODY WEIGHT

Introduction. Recent epidemiological studies have highlighted increased obesity rates all over the world, of sometimes epidemic proportions. The World Health Organization recommends individuals to constantly practicing physical activities, since many specialists have noted the obvious contribution of physical activity to human health management, well-being and labour productivity. Objectives. The main objective of this study was to analyse the effect of different types of aerobic physical activity practiced in fitness rooms on weight loss. Methods. This research included 88 female practitioners in two fitness halls in the city of Oradea and the length of the study was eight months. Depending on the type of physical activity practiced, five groups were formed. Participation in the study was on a voluntary basis. Somatic measurements were carried out at the beginning and the end of the physical activity intervention program. The data thus collected were statistically analysed with SPSS, version 20.0. Results. This study has shown the contribution of physical activities to body weight management, with an average body weight loss of 4.31 kg (ranging from 2.88 kg to 5.62 kg), a body fat decrease by 6.24%, of the body adiposity index by 2.17% and the hip circumference by 4.69 cm. Conclusions. Regular participation in physical activity programs can contribute to loss of weight and body fat, while the type of physical activity plays a determining role. REZUMAT. Efectul programelor de activitate fizică din săli de fitness asupra greutății corporale. Introducere. Studii epidemiologice recente semnalează creșterea prevalenței obezității în lume ajungându-se uneori la proporții epidemice. Organizația Mondială a Sănătății recomandă practicarea constantă a activităţilor fizice, mulți specialiști au remarcat că este evidentă contribuţia acestora în managementul sănătăţii, asupra stării de bine şi productivităţii muncii. Obiective. Obiectivul principal al acestui studiu a fost analiza efectului diferitelor tipuri de activitate fizică aerobă practicate în săli fitness asupra scăderii greutății corporale. Metode. La acest studiu au participat 88 de persoane de gen feminin, practicante de exerciții fizice în două săli de fitness din oraşul Oradea timp de 8 luni. În funcție de tipul de activitate fizică practicată au fost formate 5 grupe. Participarea la studiu a fost voluntară. Au fost efectuate măsurători somatice la începutul și finalul programului de intervenție. Datele au fost analizate statistic cu programul SPSS, varianta 20.0. Rezultate. Studiul prezent a demonstrat contribuția activităților fizice în managementul greutății, cu efect de reducere a masei corporale în medie cu 4,31 kg (de la 2,88 kg până la 5,62 kg), scăderea procentului de țesut adipos cu 6,24%, a indicelui de adipozitate cu 2,17% și a circumferinței șoldului cu 4,69 cm. Concluzii. Participarea cu regularitate la programe de activitate fizică poate să contribuie la pierderea de greutate și de țesut adipos, tipul de activitate fizică practicată având rol determinant. Cuvinte cheie: activităţi fizice recreative, aerobic, compoziție corporală, indice de adipozitate, risc de obezitate, indice de masă corporală

A 2500-yr late holocenemulti-proxy record of vegetation and hydrologic changes from a cave guano-clay sequence in SW Romania

We provide sedimentological, geochemical, mineral magnetic, stable carbon isotope, charcoal, and pollen-based evidence froma guano/clay sequence in Gaura cuMuscă Cave (SWRomania), fromwhichwe deduced that from ~1230 BC to ~AD 1240 climate oscillated betweenwet and dry. From ~1230 BC to AD 1000 the climate was wetter than the present, prompting flooding of the cave, preventing bats fromroosting, and resulting in a slowrate of clay accumulation. The second half of the MedievalWarm Period (MWP) was generally drier; the cave experienced occasional flash flooding in between which maternity bat roosts established in the cave. One extremely wet event occurred around AD 1170, when Fe/Mn and Ti/Zr ratios show the highest values coincident with a substantial increase of sediment load in the underground stream. The mineral magnetic characteristics for the second part of the MWP indicate the partial input of surface-sourced sediments reflecting agricultural development and forest clearance in the area. Pollen and microcharcoal studies confirm that the overall vegetation cover and human land use have not changed much in this region since the medieval times

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia

Measurement of associated W plus charm production in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació